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Vallejo-García LC, Sánchez-Olmos MDC, Gutiérrez-Ríos RM, López Munguía A. Glycosyltransferases Expression Changes in Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ATCC 8293 Grown on Different Carbon Sources. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091893. [PMID: 37174431 PMCID: PMC10177778 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc mesenteroides strains are common contributors in fermented foods producing a wide variety of polysaccharides from sucrose through glycosyltransferases (GTFs). These polymers have been proposed as protective barriers against acidity, dehydration, heat, and oxidative stress. Despite its presence in many traditional fermented products and their association with food functional properties, regulation of GTFs expression in Ln. mesenteroides is still poorly understood. The strain Ln. mesenteroides ATCC 8293 contains three glucansucrases genes not found in operons, and three fructansucrases genes arranged in two operons, levLX and levC-scrB, a Glycoside-hydrolase. We described the first differential gene expression analysis of this strain when cultivated in different carbon sources. We observed that while GTFs are expressed in the presence of most sugars, they are down-regulated in xylose. We ruled out the regulatory effect of CcpA over GTFs and did not find regulatory elements with a direct effect on glucansucrases in the condition assayed. Our findings suggest that only operon levLX is repressed in xylose by LexA and that both fructansucrases operons can be regulated by the VicK/VicR system and PerR. It is essential to further explore the effect of environmental conditions in Ln. mesenteroides bacteria to better understand GTFs regulation and polymer function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Cristina Vallejo-García
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Del Carmen Sánchez-Olmos
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Gutiérrez-Ríos
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Agustín López Munguía
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
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Treesuwan K, Jirapakkul W, Tongchitpakdee S, Chonhenchob V, Mahakarnchanakul W, Moonmangmee S, Tongkhao K. Effect of controlled atmospheric conditions combined with salt acid immersion on trimmed young coconut qualities during cold storage. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hussein SAM, Kareem RA, Al-Dahbi AMH, Birhan M. Investigation of the Role of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris in Periodontitis around Abutments of Fixed Prostheses. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:8790096. [PMID: 35647195 PMCID: PMC9142281 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8790096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study included the role of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris in oral diseases such as periodontitis. Material and Method. Isolation and identification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris from a saliva sample of twenty patients wearing fixed dental prostheses suffering from periodontitis followed by estimating susceptibility generally to the most common antibiotics and specifically to chlorhexidine (CHX) to determine the MIC of CHX and also screening of the strength of biofilm production under aerobic and anaerobic conditions; here, the study included six groups: Group I: screening of biofilm formation under aerobic condition, Group II: screening the MIC of CHX effect on biofilm formation under aerobic condition, Group III: screening of the MIC of CHX effect on preformed biofilm under aerobic condition, Group IV: screening of biofilm formation under anaerobic condition, Group V: screening of MIC of CHX effect on biofilm formation under anaerobic condition, and Group VI: screening of MIC of CHX effect on preformed biofilm under anaerobic condition. Results. The results showed that about 5 (25%) isolates were identified as L. mesenteroides subsp. cremoris, while 75% are other isolates. Furthermore, susceptibility results to antibiotic showed the sensitivity to penicillin (100%), azithromycin (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), tetracycline (100%), gentamicin (100%), doxycycline (100%), vancomycin (100%), ofloxacin (60%), chloramphenicol (80%), ampicillin (80%), and cefoxitin (60%). On the other side, the biofilm production assays revealed that all isolates were moderate biofilm former under the aerobic and anaerobic conditions but for the biofilm treated with MIC of CHX, the current study noticed that the strength of the biofilm became weaker in aerobic and anaerobic conditions; regardless, the strength of the biofilm under anaerobic conditions was higher than in that under aerobic conditions, with no significant differences at p ≤ 0.05 depending on the statistical analysis (T-test) before and after the treatment with MIC of CHX in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Conclusions. The presence of mesenteroides subsp. cremoris in the oral cavity is due to eating foods and vegetables; based on the strength of the biofilm and sensitivity tests, the isolates have less pathogenicity in the oral cavity due to the weakness of the biofilm production and the lack of resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rehab Aamer Kareem
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Dijlah, Iraq
| | | | - Mequanint Birhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia
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Kamilari E, Efthymiou M, Anagnostopoulos DA, Tsaltas D. Cyprus Sausages' Bacterial Community Identification Through Metataxonomic Sequencing: Evaluation of the Impact of Different DNA Extraction Protocols on the Sausages' Microbial Diversity Representation. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:662957. [PMID: 34079530 PMCID: PMC8165277 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.662957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyprus traditional sausages from the Troodos mountainous region of Pitsilia gained the protected geographical indication (PGI) designation from the European Committee (EU 2020/C 203/06). Still, we lack authentication protocols for the distinction of “Pitsilia” from industrially produced Cyprus sausages. Microbial activity is an essential contributor to traditional sausages’ sensorial characteristics, but whether the microbial patterns might be associated with the area of production is unclear. In the present research, we applied high-throughput sequencing (HTS) to provide a linkage between the area of production and Cyprus sausages’ bacterial diversity. To strengthen our findings, we used three different DNA extraction commercial kits: (i) the DNeasy PowerFood Microbial Kit (QIAGEN); (ii) the NucleoSpin Food Kit (MACHEREY-NAGEL); and (iii) the blackPREP Food DNA I Kit (Analytik Jena), in which we applied three different microbial cell wall lysis modifications. The modifications included heat treatment, bead beating, and enzymatic treatment. Results regarding metagenomic sequencing were evaluated in terms of number of reads, alpha diversity indexes, and taxonomic composition. The efficacy of each method of DNA isolation was assessed quantitatively based on the extracted DNA yield and the obtained copy number of (a) the 16S rRNA gene, (b) the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and (c) three Gram-positive bacteria that belong to the genera Latilactobacillus (formerly Lactobacillus), Bacillus, and Enterococcus via absolute quantification using qPCR. Compared with some examined industrial sausages, Pitsilia sausages had significantly higher bacterial alpha diversity (Shannon and Simpson indexes). Principal coordinates analysis separated the total bacterial community composition (beta diversity) of the three Pitsilia sausages from the industrial sausages, with the exception of one industrial sausage produced in Pitsilia, according to the manufacturer. Although the eight sausages shared the abundant bacterial taxa based on 16S rDNA HTS, we observed differences associated with bacterial diversity representation and specific genera. The findings indicate that the microbial communities may be used as an additional tool for identifying of the authenticity of Cypriot sausages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Kamilari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Marina Efthymiou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Dimitrios A Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Dimitrios Tsaltas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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Koirala P, Maina NH, Nihtilä H, Katina K, Coda R. Brewers' spent grain as substrate for dextran biosynthesis by Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides DSM20193 and Weissella confusa A16. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:23. [PMID: 33482833 PMCID: PMC7821685 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lactic acid bacteria can synthesize dextran and oligosaccharides with different functionality, depending on the strain and fermentation conditions. As natural structure-forming agent, dextran has proven useful as food additive, improving the properties of several raw materials with poor technological quality, such as cereal by-products, fiber-and protein-rich matrices, enabling their use in food applications. In this study, we assessed dextran biosynthesis in situ during fermentation of brewers´ spent grain (BSG), the main by-product of beer brewing industry, with Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides DSM20193 and Weissella confusa A16. The starters performance and the primary metabolites formed during 24 h of fermentation with and without 4% sucrose (w/w) were followed. Results The starters showed similar growth and acidification kinetics, but different sugar utilization, especially in presence of sucrose. Viscosity increase in fermented BSG containing sucrose occurred first after 10 h, and it kept increasing until 24 h concomitantly with dextran formation. Dextran content after 24 h was approximately 1% on the total weight of the BSG. Oligosaccharides with different degree of polymerization were formed together with dextran from 10 to 24 h. Three dextransucrase genes were identified in L. pseudomesenteroides DSM20193, one of which was significantly upregulated and remained active throughout the fermentation time. One dextransucrase gene was identified in W. confusa A16 also showing a typical induction profile, with highest upregulation at 10 h. Conclusions Selected lactic acid bacteria starters produced significant amount of dextran in brewers’ spent grain while forming oligosaccharides with different degree of polymerization. Putative dextransucrase genes identified in the starters showed a typical induction profile. Formation of dextran and oligosaccharides in BSG during lactic acid bacteria fermentation can be tailored to achieve specific technological properties of this raw material, contributing to its reintegration into the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabin Koirala
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ndegwa Henry Maina
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Nihtilä
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Katina
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rossana Coda
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. .,Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Helsinki, Finland.
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Misra V, Solomon S, Mall A, Prajapati C, Ansari MI. Impact of chemical treatments on Leuconostoc bacteria from harvested stored cane/stale cane. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2020; 27:e00501. [PMID: 32695617 PMCID: PMC7363663 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Post-harvest sucrose losses are always a critical problem for sugar industries. A predominant factor which is causing these post-harvest losses that affects sugar recovery is the bacterium Leuconostoc spp. This study aims to check the efficacy of certain chemical treatments in reducing the proliferation of this bacterium. Our study based on a Leuconostoc-specific media revealed that application of 0.5 % aqueous solution of benzalkonium chloride and sodium metasilicate (BKC + SMS), formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, sodium chloride and pine oil showed significant reduction in zone of proliferation. Considering formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde as control, the most effective treatments were chemical formulations of benzalkonium chloride along with sodium metasilicate, pine oil and sodium chloride in checking the proliferation of this bacterium. The application of these treatments has an immense potential in the sugar industry for reducing post-harvest sugar losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varucha Misra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, 226 002, UP, India
| | - S. Solomon
- CSA University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, 208 002, UP, India
| | - A.K. Mall
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, 226 002, UP, India
| | - C.P. Prajapati
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, 226 002, UP, India
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Terzić-Vidojević A, Veljović K, Tolinački M, Živković M, Lukić J, Lozo J, Fira Đ, Jovčić B, Strahinić I, Begović J, Popović N, Miljković M, Kojić M, Topisirović L, Golić N. Diversity of non-starter lactic acid bacteria in autochthonous dairy products from Western Balkan Countries - Technological and probiotic properties. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109494. [PMID: 32846575 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to summarize the data regarding diversity of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) isolated from various artisanal dairy products manufactured in Western Balkan Countries. The dairy products examined were manufactured from raw cow's, sheep's or goat's milk or mixed milk, in the traditional way without the addition of commercial starter cultures. Dairy products such as white brined cheese, fresh cheese, hard cheese, yogurt, sour cream and kajmak were sampled in the households of Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and North Macedonia. It has been established that the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from raw milk artisanal dairy products is extensive. In the reviewed literature, 28 LAB species and a large number of strains belonging to the Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc and Weissella genera were isolated from various dairy products. Over 3000 LAB strains were obtained and characterized for their technological and probiotic properties including: acidification and coagulation of milk, production of aromatic compounds, proteolytic activity, bacteriocins production and competitive exclusion of pathogens, production of exopolysaccharides, aggregation ability and immunomodulatory effect. Results show that many of the isolated NSLAB strains had one, two or more of the properties mentioned. The data presented emphasize the importance of artisanal products as a valuable source of NSLAB with unique technological and probiotic features important both as a base for scientific research as well as for designing novel starter cultures for functional dairy food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarela Terzić-Vidojević
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia.
| | - Katarina Veljović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Jovanka Lukić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lozo
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Fira
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Jovčić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Strahinić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Jelena Begović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Nikola Popović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Marija Miljković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Milan Kojić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Ljubiša Topisirović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
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Cenci-Goga BT, Sechi P, Iulietto MF, Amirjalali S, Barbera S, Karama M, Aly SS, Grispoldi L. Characterization and Growth under Different Storage Temperatures of Ropy Slime-Producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides Isolated from Cooked Meat Products. J Food Prot 2020; 83:1043-1049. [PMID: 31930931 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The presence of lactic acid bacteria can be detrimental when the abundant growth of slime-producing strains (Lactobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp.) causes spoilage of meat products. Two strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from vacuum-packed cooked hams that had been withdrawn from the market for the so-called ropy slime defect and identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides. In an attempt to define the behavior of ropy slime-producing bacteria, two strains of L. mesenteroides were incubated in de Man Rogosa Sharpe broth at different storage temperatures and conditions of thermal abuse (4, 12, 20, 30, 37, and 44°C). Both strains showed a lack of growth at 44°C, a good level of development at 30 and 37°C, and evident growth ability at low temperatures, with a long stationary phase. In particular, the bacterial concentration at 4°C was >105 CFU mL-1 after more than 120 days of incubation. This study demonstrates that the refrigeration temperature for cooked meat products does not constitute a hurdle for ropy slime producers and their subsequent ability to spoil. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino T Cenci-Goga
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-3383 [L.G.]).,Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Paola Sechi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-3383 [L.G.])
| | - Maria F Iulietto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-3383 [L.G.])
| | - Shahin Amirjalali
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-3383 [L.G.])
| | - Salvatore Barbera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università di Torino, Italy
| | - Musafiri Karama
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Sharif S Aly
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, California 93274, USA.,Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Luca Grispoldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-3383 [L.G.])
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Abstract
Reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using fluorescent DNA-binding dyes is now a gold-standard methodology to study bacterial gene expression through relative quantitation of target mRNAs under specific experimental conditions, and recent developments in the technology allow for gene expression analysis in single cells. Nevertheless, several critical steps of the RT-qPCR protocol need to be carefully addressed in order to obtain reliable results, particularly regarding RNA sample quality and appropriate choice of reference genes. Besides, accurate reporting of study conditions is essential, as recommended by the MIQE guidelines. Herein, we provide a practical approach to quantitation of the transcript levels of bacterial genes using RT-qPCR, including a general protocol for obtaining good-quality bacterial RNA and a discussion on the selection and validation of candidate bacterial reference genes for data normalization.
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