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Duan PN, Hung NN, Nhu PT, Thien CD, Tran QC. Saprochaete Capitata Infection in an 80-Year Old Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patient: A Case Report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:4329-4332. [PMID: 32215088 PMCID: PMC7084037 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The fungal disease caused by invasive fungus Saprochaete capitata is becoming an increasingly popular infection. Fungal pathogens mainly occur in patients with immunocompromised disorders such as hematologic malignancies, acute myeloid leukemia, transplant patients. CASE REPORT: In this study, we presented a COPD patient infected with S. capitata. At the first check, the patient showed cough, dyspnea, chest pain on both sides. The clinical laboratory test result was characterized with high White blood cell (12.8 G/L), HIV negative. The X ray showed bronchitis and emphysema. Bronchoscopy illustrated bronchial mucositis. CT scanner demonstrated pneumonia with fuzzy nodular lesions and thick interstitial organization in both lungs. The patient was treated with ciprofloxacin 800 mg/day; cefuroxime 2250 mmg/day. However, the fever appeared 2 weeks thereafter. The S. capitata was discovered in the bronchial fluid. The patient was then treated with fluconazole 400 mg/day for 14 days. At the end of treatment, all signs and symptoms of S. capitata infection disappeared and the patient recovered. CONCLUSION: This case study showed that S. capitata infection can occur in the COPD patients and fluconazole is a pertinent drug for treatment of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Ngoc Duan
- Department of Parasitology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Nhu Hung
- Department of Microbiology, 74 Hospital, Phuc Yen, Vinh Phuc, Vietnam
| | | | - Chu Dinh Thien
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Quang Canh Tran
- Center for Hygiene and Food Safety, Haiduong Medical Technical University, Hai Duong, Vietnam
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Kotwal S, Sumbali G, Sharma S, Kaul S. Detection of some newTrichosporonspecies from the dystrophied nails of three female members of a family from North Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir. Mycoses 2018; 61:534-542. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Geeta Sumbali
- Department of Botany; University of Jammu; Jammu India
| | - Supriya Sharma
- School of Biotechnology; University of Jammu; Jammu India
| | - Sanjana Kaul
- School of Biotechnology; University of Jammu; Jammu India
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Hazirolan G, Aypak A, Aksu N. An unusual case of urinary tract infection caused by Saprochaete capitata under anidulafungin treatment. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:387-390. [PMID: 28478968 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Saprochaete capitata may cause uncommon severe infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Here, we describe a rare case of urinary tract infection by S. capitata in a chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus patient, which occur during anidulafungin therapy. Mycological examinations of urine were positive to S. capitata identified by mass spectrometry and confirmed by ITS sequencing. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the isolate for amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and, anidulafungin were 2, 16, 1, 1, and 8μg/mL, respectively. Presence of S. capitata infection was not known. Clinicians should be aware about these rare opportunistic fungal pathogens, particularly those with intrinsic or variable resistance to antifungals including echinocandins.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hazirolan
- Medical microbiology, Ankara Numune training and research hospital, Ulku Mahallesi Talatpasa Bulvari No. 5 Altindag, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - A Aypak
- Clinical microbiology and infectious disease department, Ankara Numune training and research hospital, Ulku Mahallesi Talatpasa Bulvari, No. 5 Altindag, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Aksu
- Medical microbiology, Ankara Numune training and research hospital, Ulku Mahallesi Talatpasa Bulvari No. 5 Altindag, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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Pontieri E, Caracciolo C, Ceddia T, Oliva B, Ferrini A, Girmenia C, D'Antonio D. Genetic Variability among Blastoschizomyces Capitatus Isolates from Different Clinical Sources. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 18:531-9. [PMID: 16164834 DOI: 10.1177/039463200501800313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen clinical isolates and nine ATCC reference strains of Blastoschizomyces capitatus were analysed genetically, examined for the cellobiose, arbutin and salicin assimilation and tested for the aspartyl-proteinase secretion. The restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) with HpaII and HinfI enzymes and the electrophoretic karyotype (EK) were investigated. Both the restriction enzymes revealed two groups (I, II) constituted by the same isolates: 17 isolates (68%) in group I and 8 (32%) in group II. The EK analysis revealed sixteen groups. These data prompts for a genetic variability of the isolates of Blastoschizomyces capitatus and their account in two distinct genetic groups as suggested by REA. This grouping was confirmed by examing the utilisation of cellobiose, arbutin and salicin. The tests for secretory aspartyl proteinase (Sap) were positive only for three isolates, suggesting a marginal role of this specific enzyme in pathogenesis for these isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pontieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
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Koç AN, Atalay MA, Timur D, Demir G, Kaynar L. Molecular epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Saprochaete capitata (Blastoschizomyces capitatus) isolates causing nosocomial infection in Kayseri/Turkey. Infect Dis (Lond) 2016; 48:596-603. [DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2016.1176246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Nedret Koç
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - M. Altay Atalay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Demet Timur
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gonca Demir
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Leylagül Kaynar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Subramanya Supram H, Gokhale S, Chakrabarti A, Rudramurthy SM, Gupta S, Honnavar P. Emergence ofMagnusiomyces capitatusinfections in Western Nepal. Med Mycol 2015; 54:103-10. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myv075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Identification of an elongation factor 1Bγ protein with glutathione transferase activity in both yeast and mycelial morphologies from human pathogenic Blastoschizomyces capitatus. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013; 59:107-13. [PMID: 23913100 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-013-0273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Blastoschizomyces capitatus is an uncommon, opportunistic pathogenic fungus, which causes invasive and disseminated infections. This microorganism is normally present in both environmental and normal human flora. Within a host, B. capitatus is able to grow in both unicellular yeast and multicellular filamentous growth forms. In this study, we obtained in vitro morphological conversion of B. capitatus from yeast-to-mycelial phase to investigate the presence and expression of glutathione transferase (GST) enzymes in both cell forms. A protein with GST activity using the model substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was detected in both morphologies and identified by tandem mass spectrometry as a eukaryotic elongation factor 1Bγ (eEF1Bγ) protein, a member of the GST superfamily. No significant difference in GST-specific activity and kinetic constants were observed between mycelial and yeast forms, indicating that eEF1Bγ protein did not show differential expression between the two phases.
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Gurgui M, Sanchez F, March F, Lopez-Contreras J, Martino R, Cotura A, Galvez ML, Roig C, Coll P. Nosocomial outbreak of Blastoschizomyces capitatus associated with contaminated milk in a haematological unit. J Hosp Infect 2011; 78:274-8. [PMID: 21658800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2011.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In July 2002, Blastoschizomyces capitatus was isolated from four neutropenic patients in a haematology unit. Two patients died due to disseminated infection while the other two had oropharyngeal colonisation. Nosocomial acquisition of the fungus was suspected and epidemiological and environmental studies were undertaken. To determine the potential source for the acquisition of the fungus, epidemiological relationships between the patients were investigated. We performed surveillance cultures on all patients and took environmental cultures of air, inanimate surfaces, food samples, blood products and chemotherapy drugs. No direct contact transmission between patients was found and B. capitatus was isolated only in vacuum flasks used for breakfast milk distribution. All isolates were compared by four independent molecular typing methods: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, genomic DNA restriction endonuclease analysis, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting using a single primer specific for one minisatellite or two microsatellite DNAs. Milk vacuum flasks and clinical strains were genetically indistinguishable by all typing techniques. Milk vacuum flasks were withdrawn from all hospital units and no further B. capitatus infection was detected. Our findings suggest that clonal dissemination of a single strain of B. capitatus from vacuum flasks used for milk distribution was responsible for this nosocomial outbreak in the haematological unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gurgui
- Unitat de Malalties Infeccioses, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
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Christakis G, Perlorentzou S, Aslanidou M, Megalakaki A, Velegraki A. Fatal Blastoschizomyces capitatus sepsis in a neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia: first documented case from Greece. Mycoses 2005; 48:216-20. [PMID: 15842341 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2005.01098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Blastoschizomyces capitatus (formerly known as Geotrichum capitatum and Trichosporon capitatum) is a rare, yet an emerging, cause of invasive infections in immunosuppressed patients. Profound and prolonged neutropenia is the crucial predisposing factor for this yeast infection. Blastoschizomyces capitatus was isolated from peripheral blood cultures of a profoundly neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia (M2 FAB). Despite administration of antifungal chemotherapy with liposomal amphotericin B at 4.5 mg kg(-1) daily, the patient succumbed 4 days after initiation of treatment. Infections attributed to B. capitatus have generally a poor prognosis, although the yeast shows in vitro susceptibility to antifungal agents. Low flucytosine, caspofungin acetate, voriconazole and amphotericin B minimum inhibitory concentration values were also recorded with our isolate. The clinical relevance of the in vitro susceptibility testing against the isolate and the current antifungal chemotherapy regimens against B. capitatus systemic infections are discussed.
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Gadea I, Cuenca-Estrella M, Prieto E, Diaz-Guerra TM, Garcia-Cia JI, Mellado E, Tomas JF, Rodriguez-Tudela JL. Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility profile of Dipodascus capitatus isolates causing disseminated infection in seven hematological patients of a tertiary hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:1832-6. [PMID: 15071063 PMCID: PMC387620 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.4.1832-1836.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven cases of disseminated infection due to Dipodascus capitatus are reported. Infections occurred in a hematological unit of a tertiary hospital during a period of 5 years. Five cases were refractory to antifungal therapy. Antifungal susceptibility testing of seven isolates was performed, and strains were typed by PCR fingerprinting with the core sequence of phage M13 and by random amplification of polymorphic DNA with two primers, Ap12h and W-80A. A very short range of MICs of each antifungal agent was observed. The MICs of amphotericin B ranged between 0.50 and 2 microg/ml. Strains were susceptible in vitro to flucytosine and susceptible (dose-dependent) to fluconazole and itraconazole. Voriconazole exhibited an activity in vitro comparable to that of itraconazole. Typing techniques allowed seven additional isolates of D. capitatus neither geographically nor temporally related to be classified into two different genomic patterns. The genomic type of the seven strains from the hematological unit was identical regardless of typing technique utilized. It would indicate that the seven cases of disseminated infection could be related epidemiologically.
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Wills TS, Degryse A, Lavina J, Sinnott JT. Blastoschizomyces capitatus Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Male. South Med J 2004; 97:702-4. [PMID: 15301131 DOI: 10.1097/00007611-200407000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Blastoschizomyces capitatus is an emerging fungal pathogen. It has been well characterized as a cause of local and disseminated disease in immunocompromised hosts, especially in the setting of neutropenia. We describe a case of B. capitatus pneumonia in an otherwise healthy man and review the clinical presentation, microbiologic characteristics, and treatment strategies for B. capitatus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd S Wills
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa General Healthcare, Tampa, FL 33601, USA
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Bouza E, Muñoz P. Invasive infections caused by Blastoschizomyces capitatus and Scedosporium spp. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004; 10 Suppl 1:76-85. [PMID: 14748804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1470-9465.2004.00842.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Blastoschizomyces capitatus, Scedosporium prolificans and S. apiospermum are emerging fungal pathogens that may cause disseminated disease in neutropenic patients. They can present as fever resistant to antibiotics and to wide-spectrum antifungal agents, although they may involve almost every organ. The proportion of recovery from blood cultures is high and they are characteristically resistant to most antifungal agents. Prognosis is poor unless patients recover from neutropenia. Voriconazole has good in-vitro activity and is currently the drug of choice for these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bouza
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y E. Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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