1
|
Maddock D, Arnold D, Denman S, Brady C. Description of a novel species of Leclercia, Leclercia tamurae sp. nov. and proposal of a novel genus Silvania gen. nov. containing two novel species Silvania hatchlandensis sp. nov. and Silvania confinis sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere of oak. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:289. [PMID: 36460957 PMCID: PMC9716735 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Oak Decline (AOD) is a decline disease first reported on native oaks in the UK, but in recent years reports from further afield such as Europe and the Middle East, indicate that the distribution and host range is increasing at an alarming rate. The stem weeping symptoms of the disease partially develop due to polymicrobial-host interaction, caused by several members of the order Enterobacterales. While investigating the rhizosphere soil of AOD-unaffected trees, termed 'healthy' trees, and diseased oaks suffering from Acute Oak Decline (AOD), an enrichment method designed for enhanced recovery of Enterobacterales led to the recovery of several isolates that could not be classified as any existing species. These isolates showed a close relationship to the genus Leclercia, of which both species are of clinical importance, but the type species Leclercia adecarboxylata also displays plant growth-promoting properties in the rhizosphere. RESULTS Partial sequencing of four housekeeping genes revealed similarity to the genus Leclercia with varying degrees of relatedness. As such a complete polyphasic approach was used to determine the true taxonomic position of these isolates. This involved whole genome sequencing, phylogenomic analysis, phylogenetic analysis of both the 16S rRNA and four housekeeping gene sequences, combined with phenotypic testing and fatty acid analysis. Both the phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses separated the isolates into four clusters, two of which were contained in the Leclercia clade. The remaining two clusters formed a separate lineage far removed from any currently defined species. Further investigation into the role of the isolates as plant growth-promoting bacteria as well as plant pathogens was investigated computationally, revealing a number of plant growth-promoting traits as well as virulence genes related to motility, adhesion and immune modulation. CONCLUSION Based on the genotypic and phenotypic data presented here, these isolates could be differentiated from each other and their closest neighbours. As such we propose the description of Leclercia tamurae sp. nov. (type strain H6S3T = LMG 32609T = CCUG 76176T), Silvania gen. nov., Silvania hatchlandensis sp. nov. (type strain H19S6T = LMG 32608T = CCUG 76185T) and Silvania confinis sp. nov. (type strain H4N4T = LMG 32607T = CCUG 76175T). Due to their interesting protein annotations and alignments, these species warrant further investigation for their role in relation to plant health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maddock
- grid.6518.a0000 0001 2034 5266Centre for Research in Bioscience, School of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY UK
| | - Dawn Arnold
- grid.417899.a0000 0001 2167 3798Harper Adams University, Shropshire, Newport, UK
| | - Sandra Denman
- grid.479676.d0000 0001 1271 4412Centre for Ecosystems, Society and Biosecurity, Forest Research, Farnham, UK
| | - Carrie Brady
- grid.6518.a0000 0001 2034 5266Centre for Research in Bioscience, School of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shaikhain T, Al-Husayni F, Al-Fawaz S, Alghamdi EM, Al-Amri A, Alfares M. Leclercia adecarboxylata Bacteremia without a Focus in a Non-Immunosuppressed Patient. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2021; 22:e929537. [PMID: 33782375 PMCID: PMC8019838 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.929537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leclercia adecarboxylata is a gram-negative rod, which is normally found in water and food. It is an emerging pathogen that affects immunocompromised patients, including patients with hematological malignancies or those receiving chemotherapy. Generally, L. adecarboxylata is considered a low-virulence pathogen with an excellent susceptibility profile, but some strains may be resistant to multiple antibiotics, such as b-lactams. Moreover, L. adecarboxylata is usually isolated as a part of polymicrobial cultures in immunocompetent individuals, but there have been cases where it was the only isolate. CASE REPORT A 74-year-old woman who was non-immunosuppressed and had multiple comorbidities was admitted with acute decompensated heart failure due to pneumonia. She was treated with multiple courses of antibiotics including amoxicillin-clavulanate and ciprofloxacin for pneumonia, but her infection worsened, and she had cardiopulmonary arrest. After resuscitation, she was stable for several days but suddenly became confused and hypotensive. The septic screen showed L. adecarboxylata bacteremia without a clear source, which was treated successfully with meropenem for 14 days. After the meropenem course, the patient developed diarrhea and was found to have severe Clostridium difficile infection. She did not respond to oral vancomycin and intravenous metronidazole and died. CONCLUSIONS This case illustrated an infection in a non-immunosuppressed individual by an organism that is considered an opportunistic pathogen, mainly affecting immunocompromised patients. The patient's blood culture grew L. adecarboxylata, which was sensitive to all antibiotics but resolved with meropenem treatment. Owing to increasing L. adecarboxylata infections, we recommend further studies to understand the organism's pathogenesis, risk factors, and resistance pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talal Shaikhain
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al-Husayni
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Al-Fawaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Erada M Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulfattah Al-Amri
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Alfares
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kang XM, Cai X, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Identification and characterization of an amidase from Leclercia adecarboxylata for efficient biosynthesis of L-phosphinothricin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121658. [PMID: 31234070 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
L-phosphinothricin (L-PPT) is an important broad-spectrum herbicide with expanding utilization because it is environmentally benign. A strain Leclercia adecarboxylata ZJB-17008 with capability of catalyzing rac-4-(hydroxy(methyl)phosphoryl)-2-(2-phenylacetamido) butanoic acid (rac-S) to L-PPT was screened and identified, from which an amidase (La-Ami) was cloned and secretory expressed in Bacillus subtilis WB 800 for the bioproduction of L-PPT. The recombinant La-Ami exhibited an excellent enantioselectivity (99.9% ee) and remarkable thermostability with a half-life of 19.8 h at 50 °C. Furthermore, La-Ami displaying a high space-time yield of 787.2 g L-1 d-1 at 50 °C and pH 8.5 under the rac-S concentration of 500 mM (150 g L-1). The finally refined L-PPT was obtained with a purity of 99% and a total yield reached 90%. These results implying that this secretory expressed amidase La-Ami is possible to be applied in the large-scale bioproduction of L-PPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Kang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Cai
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leclercia adecarboxylata Cholecystitis with Septic Shock in Immunocompetent Patient. Case Rep Crit Care 2019; 2019:5057071. [PMID: 31467730 PMCID: PMC6699282 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5057071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
L. adecarboxylata is a Gram-negative rod previously named Escherichia adecarboxylata, isolated as normal flora in the gut of animals including human stool. Most reported cases refer to immunocompromised patients with polymicrobial infections and water environments. Here we present a case of 51-year-old immunocompetent female presented with nausea, vomiting, malaise, and subjective fever for few days. On examination, she was drowsy but arousable and oriented to person, place, time, and situation. Her abdomen was tender globally and more tender in the epigastric area. Vitals showed a temperature of 37°C, pulse of 110 beats/min, blood pressure of 75/50 mmHg, and oxygen saturation of 91% on room air. An HIV panel and hepatitis panel were negative. Liver and gallbladder ultrasound was performed, revealing multiple nonmobile stones with shadowing noted within the gallbladder sac, a thickened gallbladder wall, and a moderate amount of pericholecystic fluid. Broad spectrum antibiotics, crystalloid fluids, and vasopressors were initiated. A few hours after admission she developed respiratory failure for which she underwent endotracheal intubation. An ultrasound guided gallbladder drain was performed. Culture of the biliary fluid yielded pure growth of pan-sensitive L. adecarboxylata; antibiotics were narrowed accordingly. The patient was on the maximum doses of vasopressin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine with a blood pressure of 75/45 and a mean arterial pressure of 51. She passed away on the fourth day of admission.
Collapse
|
5
|
Escherichia hermannii Infections in Humans: A Systematic Review. Trop Med Infect Dis 2019; 4:tropicalmed4010017. [PMID: 30669559 PMCID: PMC6473853 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed4010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Eshcerichia hermannii is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae, first described in 1982 and reclassified as a distinct species in the Escherichia genus after identifying biochemical and genomic differences from E. coli. It is a rare cause of human infections and is supposed to be a co-infector rather than an autonomous cause of infection. The aim of this systematic review was to record and evaluate all available evidence regarding human infections by E. hermannii. A systematic review of PubMed (through 21 December 2018) for studies providing epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological information, as well as treatment data and outcomes of E. hermannii infections was performed. A total of 16 studies, containing data of 17 patients, were eventually included in the analysis. The most common E. hermannii infections were bacteremias, urinary tract, and central nervous system infections. The complication rate, like the occurrence of sepsis, was high. Cephalosporins and aminoglycosides were the most common agents used for treatment. This systematic review describes bacterial infections by E. hermannii and provides information on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, antibiotic resistance, treatment, and outcomes associated with these infections.
Collapse
|
6
|
Spiegelhauer MR, Andersen PF, Frandsen TH, Nordestgaard RLM, Andersen LP. Leclercia adecarboxylata: a case report and literature review of 74 cases demonstrating its pathogenicity in immunocompromised patients. Infect Dis (Lond) 2018; 51:179-188. [PMID: 30488747 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2018.1536830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It has been described as an emerging human pathogen with the potential to cause severe infection in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to describe a clinical case of infection with L. adecarboxylata and give a review of previous reports on infection. We report the presence of L. adecarboxylata in a patient initially admitted to our hospital for a lung transplant. She had diarrhoea, urinary tract infection and pneumonia caused by L. adecarboxylata. The isolate was resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and susceptible to 15 other antibiotics tested. The literature search for previous reports of infection with L. adecarboxylata resulted in 61 publications describing 74 cases. Bacteremia and wound infections were most often described, and only a few cases were fatal. L. adecarboxylata was most often found as a monomicrobial infection in immunocompromised patients, and as part of a polymicrobial infection in immunocompetent patients. The previously described isolates showed a high susceptibility to antibiotics, and treatment was efficient in most cases. Due to similarities in metabolic products, L. adecarboxylata might have been mistaken as Escherichia spp., but with new identification methods such as MALDI-TOF MS, it is possible to obtain a certain identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malene Roed Spiegelhauer
- a Department of Clinical Microbiology , Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Peter Fruergaard Andersen
- b Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Tove Havnhøj Frandsen
- a Department of Clinical Microbiology , Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | | | - Leif Percival Andersen
- a Department of Clinical Microbiology , Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) , Copenhagen , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Choudhary M, Choudhary BK, Bhoyar S, Kale SB, Chaudhari SP, Bera BC, Jain A, Barbuddhe SB. Isolation and characterization of multidrug-resistant Leclercia species from animal clinical case. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 66:44-48. [PMID: 29063630 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata, a Gram-negative bacillus of family Enterobacteriaceae, is an uncommonly identified pathogen isolated from environmental and clinical specimens. Most of the human infections are polymicrobial and commonly occur in immunocompromised hosts, although nosocomial infections in immunocompetent hosts have been documented. Here, we describe the case of isolation of Leclercia species as polymicrobial infection from bovine suffering from respiratory distress in Chhattisgarh state of India. The isolates were identified by their phenotypes, 16S rDNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF-MS. The isolate was found to be resistant to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolone antibiotics and intermediate resistant to cephalosporins and evidenced for uncertain clinical relevance and could act as hidden source of public health hazard. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Leclercia adecarboxylata is a rarely reported human pathogen. We report here the case from bovine suffering from respiratory distress; the sample yielded Leclercia species as polymicrobial culture. The isolate was found to be multidrug resistant and evidenced for uncertain clinical relevance and could act as hidden source of public health hazard. The limited literature available on this organism is reviewed, and the potential implications of findings are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation and characterization of multidrug-resistant Leclercia species from animal clinical case from India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Choudhary
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
| | - B K Choudhary
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
| | - S Bhoyar
- Centre for Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - S B Kale
- Centre for Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - S P Chaudhari
- Centre for Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - B C Bera
- ICAR- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | - A Jain
- Livestock Development Department, Mohala, Rajnandgaon, 491 666, India
| | - S B Barbuddhe
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prakash MR, Ravikumar R, Patra N, Indiradevi B. Hospital-acquired pneumonia due to Leclercia adecarboxylata in a neurosurgical centre. J Postgrad Med 2016; 61:123-5. [PMID: 25766348 PMCID: PMC4943433 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.153108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata, a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is an uncommonly identified human pathogen. The organism has been reported worldwide and isolated from various environmental sources. Most human infections are polymicrobial and commonly occur in immunocompromised hosts, although nosocomial infections in immunocompetent hosts have been documented. We describe three case reports of L. adecarboxylata isolation from cases of hospital acquired pneumonia admitted to a tertiary care center for neurosurgical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Ravikumar
- Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anuradha M. Leclercia adecarboxylata isolation: case reports and review. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:DD03-4. [PMID: 25653951 PMCID: PMC4316257 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/9763.5260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata is usually isolated as a part of polymicrobial cultures in immunocompetent patients, and as a pure culture in immunocompromised persons. Although generally sensitive to most antibiotics, there are reports of resistant strains. Two case reports of L. adecarboxylata isolation in the lab in pure culture in immunocompetent persons are presented here, L. adecarboxylata being isolated from a vaginal swab in the first case and from a gluteal abscess in the second case. Both the isolates were sensitive to most of the antibiotics tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mokkapati Anuradha
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Leclercia adecarboxylata Bacteremia in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis. Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2014; 2014:457687. [PMID: 25405041 PMCID: PMC4227368 DOI: 10.1155/2014/457687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are a high risk population for bacteremia. Derangement in the mucosal architecture of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and frequent endoscopic interventions in immunocompromised individuals are considered primary causes. Isolation of opportunistic microorganisms from the bloodstream of IBD patients has been increasingly reported in recent years. Leclercia adecarboxylata is a ubiquitous, aerobic, motile, gram-negative bacillus. The human GI tract is known to harbor this rarely pathogenic microorganism. There are only a few case reports of bacteremia with this microorganism; the majority are either polymicrobial or associated with immunocompromised patients. We describe a case of monomicrobial L. adecarboxylata bacteremia in a 43-year-old female who presented with bloody diarrhea. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse colonic mucosal inflammation with numerous ulcers, and histopathology revealed crypt abscesses. Following an episode of rectal bleeding, two sets of blood cultures grew L. adecarboxylata, which was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone. After a complicated hospital course, she was eventually diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and enteropathic arthritis, treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, mesalamine, and infliximab which resulted in resolution of her symptoms. In our previously immunocompetent patient, derangement of the gut mucosal barrier was the likely cause of bacteremia, yet performing endoscopic intervention may have contributed to bacterial translocation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tong YQ, Xin B, Sun SQ. Pyelonephritis Caused Solely by Escherichia hermanii. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014; 7:e18138. [PMID: 25147714 PMCID: PMC4138642 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.18138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In contrast with Escherichia coli, the association of E. hermanii with urinary tract infections has not been described. CASE PRESENTATION In this case, E. hermanii was the sole isolate recovered from urine specimens of a pyelonephritis patient. The organism was found to be susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefazolin, cefixime, aztreonam, gentamicin, tobramycin, imipenem, meropenem and amikacin, and resistant to amoxicillin. Antibiotic treatment was initiated with oral cefixime (400 mg every 24 hours). The symptoms were relieved within 72 hours after therapy. A urine sample was taken seven days after antibiotic therapy. E. hermanii was no longer isolated. DISCUSSION The present case demonstrates that the uropathogenic E. hermanii clone can cause destruction of the kidneys. During asymptomatic bacteriuria or cystitis, the bacteria remain in the urinary tract. Even when pyelonephritis develops, inflammatory response of the host is still restricted to the urinary tract. These signs mean that uropathogenic E. hermanii may be not very virulent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qing Tong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun City, China
- Corresponding author: Yan Qing Tong, Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Gongnong Road, No 1478, Changchun City, Jilin province, China, P.O.Box: 130021. Tel: +86-43186178717, Fax: +86-43186177222, E-mail:
| | - Bing Xin
- Department of Microbiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun City, China
| | - Shu Qing Sun
- Department of Microbiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun City, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee KI, Chung SK, Hwang HB. A Case of Corneal Ulcer Caused by Leclercia Adecarboxylata. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2014.55.6.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kee Il Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kun Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Bin Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jean SS, Lee WS, Bai KJ, Lam C, Hsu CW, Chen RJ, Hsueh PR. Leclercia adecarboxylata bacteremia in a patient with long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2013; 49:452-4. [PMID: 24183991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata, a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacillus, is generally viewed as an opportunistic pathogen because it is rarely cultured from clinical samples. Although rare, bacteremia due to L. adecarboxylata tends to occur in immunocompromised hosts and patients with systemic comorbidities. Only one case of bacteremia due to L. adecarboxylata has been reported in a previously healthy patient. We describe a male patient with an active peptic ulcer who developed L. adecarboxylata bacteremia after a long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The abdomen is believed to have been the most probable portal of entry. After appropriate medical management, the patient recovered without sequela.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shio-Shin Jean
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sen Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Bai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Carlos Lam
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wang Hsu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Departments of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
De Mauri A, Chiarinotti D, Andreoni S, Molinari GL, Conti N, De Leo M. Leclercia adecarboxylata and catheter-related bacteraemia: review of the literature and outcome with regard to catheters and patients. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:1620-1623. [PMID: 23882033 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.059535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is a common complication in patients carrying a central venous catheter (CVC) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Leclercia adecarboxylata is an unusual but emerging pathogen in healthy and immunocompromised patients. We report a case of L. adecarboxylata bacteraemia in a patient with a haemodialysis tunnelled CVC. In accordance with the susceptibility to the tested antimicrobials, a long-course treatment with intravenous gentamicin plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and gentamicin-lock therapy was adopted. The patient had a full recovery and the catheter was not removed. We also performed a systematic PubMed/Medline and Scopus review of peer-reviewed English papers on L. adecarboxylata infections, focusing on bacteraemia in patients with different types of CVCs. Moreover, we suggest a treatment algorithm to preserve the patient and maintain the CVC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreana De Mauri
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Doriana Chiarinotti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Andreoni
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Lorenzo Molinari
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Novella Conti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| | - Martino De Leo
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Escherichia hermannii was first identified as a new species in 1982. It has rarely been reported as a human pathogen. We report the first case of E. hermannii as the sole pathogen in a catheter-related bloodstream infection.
Collapse
|
16
|
Catheter-related bacteremia caused by multidrug-resistant Leclercia adecarboxylata in a patient with breast cancer. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:3129-32. [PMID: 22760051 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00948-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a multidrug-resistant strain of Leclercia adecarboxylata responsible for catheter-related bacteremia in a 47-year-old female with breast cancer. The isolated strain was resistant to several β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and folate pathway inhibitors and harbored bla(TEM-1) and bla(CTX-M) group 1 and intl1 genes (dfrA12-orfF-aadA2) as genetic determinants for resistance. Based on a review of the L. adecarboxylata literature, there have been only 4 reports of antibiotic-resistant strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an L. adecarboxylata strain with simultaneous resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lucía Correa A, María Mazo L, Patricia Valderrama M, Restrepo A, Jaimes F. Descripción de un brote de bacteriemia por Leclercia adecarboxylata probablemente asociado al uso de viales contaminados de heparina. INFECTIO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0123-9392(12)70065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
18
|
Forrester JD, Adams J, Sawyer RG. Leclercia adecarboxylata bacteremia in a trauma patient: case report and review of the literature. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2012; 13:63-6. [PMID: 22217232 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2010.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leclercia adecarboxylata is a rarely described gram-negative pathogen. Since the advent of rapid molecular typing techniques, L. adecarboxylata has been described in 23 case reports, often associated with polymicrobial infections or in immunosuppressed hosts. METHODS A case is described and previous cases of L. adecarboxylata infection are reviewed. CASE REPORT A 55-year old male victim of trauma developed septic shock several days after presentation to the emergency department. Blood and central vein catheter cultures grew L. adecarboxylata; Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae were present in bronchoalveolar lavage samples. With aggressive hemodynamic and ventilator support in addition to antibiotic therapy, the patient cleared the catheter-related blood stream infection. After a challenging intensive care unit stay, the patient eventually was discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation unit. CONCLUSION An L. adecarboxylata catheter-related blood stream infection developed in the setting of both underlying immunosuppression and polymicrobial infection. As molecular typing techniques continue to improve, L. adecarboxylata is likely to be an increasingly recognized gram-negative pathogen. Interactions between L. adecarboxylata infection, immunosuppression, and polymicrobial infections remain to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Derek Forrester
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED Late-onset sepsis is a unique entity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), as organisms involved are, by definition, nosocomial. As such, a limited number of microbes are characteristically involved. Leclercia adecarboxylata is a gram-negative bacillus rarely cultured in a clinical context, with the few published cases primarily involving immunocompromised adults. We present an ex-26-week newborn girl who developed late-onset sepsis with Leclercia adecarboxylata bacteraemia in the NICU. The infection was successfully treated with gentamicin and cefotaxime. This is the fifth paediatric report of Leclercia adecarboxylata infection, and the first in a neonate. The case raises the possibility that prior courses of antibiotics may have predisposed this individual to a rare infection essentially limited to immunocompromised individuals. CONCLUSION Leclercia adecarboxylata is a rare infection, particularly in immunocompetent individuals. In neonates, the clinical course can be good with timely initiation of appropriate antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Myers
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shah A, Nguyen J, Sullivan LM, Chikwava KR, Yan AC, Treat JR. Leclercia adecarboxylata cellulitis in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Dermatol 2011; 28:162-4. [PMID: 21385207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata is a rare, gram-negative rod that has been infrequently reported in the literature. The organism has been documented to cause solitary infections in immunocompromised hosts and polymicrobial wound infections in the immunocompetent. We present a case of an 8-year-old boy with significant past medical history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed cellulitis due to local infection by L. adecarboxylata. This case is presented to raise awareness of this rare organism's ability to cause common cutaneous disease, especially in the immunocompromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avnee Shah
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Isolation of Leclercia adecarboxylata from blood and burn wound after a hydrofluoric acid chemical injury. Burns 2009; 35:443-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
22
|
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata, a motile, gram-negative bacillus of the enterobacteriaceae family, is rarely recovered as a pathogen. We report an exceptionally rare case of L. adecarboxylata endocarditis complicated by embolization of the kidney and spleen in a 48-year-old woman with endometrial cancer. After 4 weeks of antimicrobial treatment, she recovered without sequelae.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee W, Yi DY, Jung B, Huh JY, Kang MS, Hong SG, Hong SK. Two Cases of Independent Infection by Leclercia adecarboxylata. Infect Chemother 2009. [DOI: 10.3947/ic.2009.41.2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wookeun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Dae Young Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Bochan Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ji Young Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Myung Seo Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seong Geun Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sung Kwan Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Orchiépididymite et bactériémie à Leclercia adecarboxylata. Med Mal Infect 2008; 38:674-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
25
|
Kim E, Chidambaram JD, Srinivasan M, Lalitha P, Wee D, Lietman TM, Whitcher JP, Van Gelder RN. Prospective comparison of microbial culture and polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of corneal ulcer. Am J Ophthalmol 2008; 146:714-23, 723.e1. [PMID: 18707670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to microbial culture for the detection and identification of bacterial and fungal pathogens in microbial keratitis. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 108 consecutive corneal ulcers were cultured and analyzed by PCR using pan-bacterial and pan-fungal primers. PCR products were cloned, sequenced, and compared to culture results using standard bioinformatics tools. RESULTS Of the 108 samples, 56 were culture-positive, 25 for bacteria and 31 for fungi; 52 were culture-negative. After eliminating false-positive PCR products, 94 of 108 were positive by PCR, 37 for bacteria and 57 for fungi. Nineteen of 25 bacterial culture-positive samples were positive by PCR, and 29 of 31 samples culture-positive for fungi were positive by PCR. The majority of sequenced PCR products matched the positive culture results. Of the 52 culture-negative samples, 46 (88%) yielded pathogen deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) PCR products, 18 bacterial and 28 fungal. These represented a variety of species, including at least three novel previously uncultured microbes. CONCLUSIONS PCR detects microbial DNA in the majority of bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers, and identifies potentially pathogenic organisms in a high proportion of culture-negative cases. Yield and concordance with culture are higher for fungal than bacterial ulcers. Practical use of the technique is limited by artefactual amplification of nonpathogenic organisms. PCR may be used as an adjunct to culture to identify potential pathogens in microbial keratitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elma Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Escherichia hermannii as the sole isolate from a patient with purulent conjunctivitis. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:3848-9. [PMID: 18768650 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01119-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia hermannii was isolated in pure culture from a patient with acute purulent conjunctivitis after a minor ocular injury. This is the first report of E. hermannii isolated as the sole pathogen from an infected site without prior antibiotic exposure, confirming the pathogenic potential of the microorganism.
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim HM, Chon CY, Ahn SH, Jung SJ, Han KH, Moon BS, Moon YM. Fatal spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by Leclercia adecarboxylata in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62:1296-8. [PMID: 18705825 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00780.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
28
|
Hess B, Burchett A, Huntington MK. Leclercia adecarboxylata in an immunocompetent patient. J Med Microbiol 2008; 57:896-898. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hess
- Center for Family Medicine, 1115 East Twentieth Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Andrew Burchett
- McGreevy Clinic, 1200 South Seventh Avenue, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Mark K. Huntington
- Center for Family Medicine, 1115 East Twentieth Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jover-Sáenz A, Cerezo-Esforzado E, Barcenilla-Gaite F, Garrido-Calvo S, Porcel-Pérez JM. Leclercia Adecarboxylata Cholecystitis in a Patient with Metabolic Syndrome. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2008; 9:411-2. [DOI: 10.1089/sur.2007.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Jover-Sáenz
- Departments of Nosocomial, Infection and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Family Physicians, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Barcenilla-Gaite
- Department of Nosocomial Infection, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Family Physicians, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Porcel-Pérez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Family Physicians, Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Schierack P, Walk N, Reiter K, Weyrauch KD, Wieler LH. Composition of intestinal Enterobacteriaceae populations of healthy domestic pigs. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2008; 153:3830-3837. [PMID: 17975092 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/010173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the Enterobacteriaceae microbiota, including their diversity as well as the distribution of haemolytic and virulence gene-harbouring Escherichia coli of 56-day-old healthy piglets, was characterized. Both the composition and the diversity of Enterobacteriaceae populations varied considerably between individual pigs and intestinal sections. E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella pneumoniae dominated the Enterobacteriaceae microbiota. However, mucosa-associated Enterobacteriaceae were scarce or in some cases undetectable. The majority of E. coli clones from the jejunum were also found in the colon, with up to 10 different E. coli clones in one intestinal section. Other Enterobacteriaceae species were represented by only one clone localized to one intestinal section. While several piglets did not harbour virulence gene-positive or haemolytic E. coli, such strains dominated intestinal sections of other animals. This study reveals that the diversity of intestinal Enterobacteriaceae is clearly individual. In general, Enterobacteriaceae do not appear to be a consistent fraction of the microbiota of the jejunum. High numbers of adherent bacteria do not appear to be essential for successful intestinal colonization, and E. coli clones do not necessarily colonize distinct intestinal sections based on the particular phylogenetic affiliation. Furthermore, dominance of haemolytic or virulence gene-positive E. coli does not correlate with disease. Finally, probiotic Enterococcus faecium feed supplementation does not affect the Enterobacteriaceae microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schierack
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Walk
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Reiter
- Institut für Veterinär-Anatomie, Freie Universität Berlin, Koserstr. 20, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl D Weyrauch
- Institut für Veterinär-Anatomie, Freie Universität Berlin, Koserstr. 20, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar H Wieler
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Davenport P, Land KJ. Isolation of Leclercia adecarboxylata from the blood culture of an asymptomatic platelet donor. Transfusion 2007; 47:1816-9. [PMID: 17880606 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01397.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination of platelet (PLT) components is a leading cause of transfusion-related fatality. AABB and The College of American Pathologists require that blood centers and transfusion services have a process for detecting bacterial contamination in PLT products. CASE REPORT Leclercia adecarboxylata was isolated from the donated blood of a healthy, asymptomatic 61-year-old man. The PLT donation was collected by apheresis method and was separated into three daughter or split products. Samples from all three products tested positive for the presence of bacterial contamination. L. adecarboxylata was subsequently identified in two of three products. The blood donor's records were reviewed and the donor was interviewed by telephone. The only possible risk identified during the interview was a questionable contact dermatitis, away from the antecubital fossa, thought to be due to poison ivy exposure before the donation. All subsequent donations have tested negative for the presence of bacterial contamination. The organism is a Gram-negative bacillus variant of the Enterobacteriaceae family and known nosocomial isolate. It has been previously reported as a rarely isolated opportunistic pathogen mostly associated with patients having compromised immunity, chronic or inflammatory illness, catheter-related bacteremia, or mixed-bacterial wounds. L. adecarboxylata was originally identified in water, foods, and environment. CONCLUSION This is the first known report of isolation of L. adecarboxylata from the blood donation of an apparently healthy individual and could represent transient asymptomatic bacteremia or more likely contamination by epidermal flora. The organism may be underrecognized due to its close resemblance to Escherichia coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Davenport
- Department of Medical Services, Carter BloodCare, 2205 Highway 121, Bedford, TX 76021, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Popescu GA, Daha I, Popescu C, Mitache E. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia hermanii in diabetes patient. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10:1335-7. [PMID: 15338542 PMCID: PMC3323333 DOI: 10.3201/eid1007.030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Adrian Popescu
- Matei Bals Infectious Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Daha
- Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Popescu
- Matei Bals Infectious Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Mitache
- Matei Bals Infectious Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Stock I, Burak S, Wiedemann B. Natural antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and biochemical profiles of Leclercia adecarboxylata strains. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004; 10:724-33. [PMID: 15301675 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.00892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata is an opportunistic human pathogen that phenotypically resembles Escherichia coli. The natural susceptibilities of 101 Leclercia strains to 70 antimicrobial agents were investigated. MICs were determined with a microdilution procedure in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (all strains) and IsoSensitest broth (some strains). Natural susceptibility patterns were assessed using German (DIN) standards (when applicable). In addition, biochemical properties recommended for the phenotypic identification of L. adecarboxylata were evaluated, applying two commercially available identification systems for Enterobacteriaceae and seven conventional tests. L. adecarboxylata strains were naturally sensitive to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, all but two beta-lactams, quinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin and azithromycin. They were naturally resistant to penicillin G, oxacillin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, ketolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, linezolid, glycopeptides, rifampicin, fusidic acid and fosfomycin. There were only minor medium-dependent differences in susceptibility to most antibiotics. Lysine decarboxylase, malonate assimilation and acid production from arabitol and cellobiose, but not from adonitol and sorbitol, allowed definitive separation of L. adecarboxylata from E. coli. The results of this study form a database that can be applied to validate forthcoming antibiotic susceptibility tests of L. adecarboxylata, and might contribute to its reliable identification. Susceptibility patterns did not indicate obvious therapeutic difficulties for treatment of Leclercia infections. Special attention should be paid to biochemically aberrant leclerciae. Apart from biochemical features, fosfomycin susceptibility might be useful to differentiate between L. adecarboxylata and E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Stock
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sarma PM, Bhattacharya D, Krishnan S, Lal B. Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a newly discovered enteric bacterium, Leclercia adecarboxylata. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:3163-6. [PMID: 15128584 PMCID: PMC404440 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.5.3163-3166.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterial strain, PS4040, capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for use as the sole carbon source was isolated from oily-sludge-contaminated soil. The 16S rRNA gene showed 98.8% homology to that of Leclercia adecarboxylata. Comparative molecular typing with the clinical strain of L. adecarboxylata revealed that there were few comigrating and few distinct amplimers among them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyangshu Manab Sarma
- Center of Bioresources and Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, India 110003
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Beltrán A, Molinero AV, Capilla S, Polo AM, Vicente A. [Isolation of Leclercia adecarboxylata from wound exudate of a diabetic patient]. Med Clin (Barc) 2004; 122:159. [PMID: 14967103 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-7753(04)74180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
36
|
Mazzariol A, Zuliani J, Fontana R, Cornaglia G. Isolation from blood culture of a Leclercia adecarboxylata strain producing an SHV-12 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41:1738-9. [PMID: 12682173 PMCID: PMC153879 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.41.4.1738-1739.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the first isolation of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata strain from the bloodstream in a 58-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia. The strain, resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and aztreonam, produces the SHV-12 beta-lactamase, one of the most common variants found in Italian nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Mazzariol
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pérez-Moreno MO, Anguera J, Carulla M, Pérez-Moreno M. [Septic arthritis due to Leclercia adecarboxylata of probable iatrogenic origin]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2003; 21:167-8. [PMID: 12586025 DOI: 10.1016/s0213-005x(03)72909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|