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Sun J, Bie XM, Chu XL, Wang N, Zhang XS, Gao XQ. Genome-edited TaTFL1-5 mutation decreases tiller and spikelet numbers in common wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1142779. [PMID: 36895877 PMCID: PMC9989183 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1142779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tillering is a critical agronomic trait of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that determines the shoot architecture and affects grain yield. TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), encoding a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, is implicated in the transition to flowering and shoot architecture in plant development. However, the roles of TFL1 homologs is little known in wheat development. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis was used in this study to generate a set of wheat (Fielder) mutants with single, double or triple-null tatfl1-5 alleles. The wheat tatfl1-5 mutations decreased the tiller number per plant in the vegetative growth stage and the effective tiller number per plant and spikelet number per spike at maturity in the field. RNA-seq analysis showed that the expression of the auxin signaling-related and cytokinin signaling-related genes was significantly changed in the axillary buds of tatfl1-5 mutant seedlings. The results suggested that wheat TaTFL1-5s were implicated in tiller regulation by auxin and cytokinin signaling.
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Xue M, Long Y, Zhao Z, Huang G, Huang K, Zhang T, Jiang Y, Yuan Q, Pei X. Isolation and Characterization of a Green-Tissue Promoter from Common Wild Rice ( Oryza rufipogon Griff.). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072009. [PMID: 29996483 PMCID: PMC6073244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Promoters play a very important role in the initiation and regulation of gene transcription. Green-tissue promoter is of great significance to the development of genetically modified crops. Based on RNA-seq data and RT-PCR expression analysis, this study screened a gene, OrGSE (GREEN SPECIAL EXPRESS), which is expressed specifically in green tissues. The study also isolated the promoter of the OrGSE gene (OrGSEp), and predicted many cis-acting elements, such as the CAAT-Box and TATA-Box, and light-responding elements, including circadian, G-BOX and GT1 CONSENSUS. Histochemical analysis and quantification of GUS activity in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing GUS under the control of OrGSEp revealed that this promoter is not only green tissue-specific, but also light-inducible. The ability of a series of 5’-deletion fragments of OrGSEp to drive GUS expression in Arabidopsis was also evaluated. We found that the promoter region from −54 to −114 is critical for the promoter function, and the region from −374 to −114 may contain core cis-elements involved in light response. In transgenic rice expressing GUS under the control of OrGSEp, visualization and quantification of GUS activity showed that GUS was preferentially expressed in green tissues and not in endosperm. OrGSEp is a useful regulatory element for breeding pest-resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mande Xue
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yan Long
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Gege Huang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Tianbao Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Experimental Center Basic Medical Teaching, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qianhua Yuan
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xinwu Pei
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Alotaibi SS, Sparks CA, Parry MAJ, Simkin AJ, Raines CA. Identification of Leaf Promoters for Use in Transgenic Wheat. PLANTS 2018; 7:plants7020027. [PMID: 29597282 PMCID: PMC6027260 DOI: 10.3390/plants7020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Wheat yields have plateaued in recent years and given the growing global population there is a pressing need to develop higher yielding varieties to meet future demand. Genetic manipulation of photosynthesis in elite wheat varieties offers the opportunity to significantly increase yields. However, the absence of a well-defined molecular tool-box of promoters to manipulate leaf processes in wheat hinders advancements in this area. Two promoters, one driving the expression of sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) and the other fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA) from Brachypodium distachyon were identified and cloned into a vector in front of the GUS reporter gene. Both promoters were shown to be functionally active in wheat in both transient assays and in stably transformed wheat plants. Analysis of the stable transformants of wheat (cv. Cadenza) showed that both promoters controlled gus expression throughout leaf development as well as in other green tissues. The availability of these promoters provides new tools for the expression of genes in transgenic wheat leaves and also paves the way for multigene manipulation of photosynthesis to improve yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqer S Alotaibi
- School of Biological Sciences, Wivenhoe Park, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
- Biotechnology Department, Biological Sciences College, Taif University, At Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Caroline A Sparks
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Martin A J Parry
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Andrew J Simkin
- School of Biological Sciences, Wivenhoe Park, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
- Genetics, Genomics and Breeding, NIAB EMR, New Road, East Malling ME19 6BJ, UK.
| | - Christine A Raines
- School of Biological Sciences, Wivenhoe Park, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
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Abstract
Artemisinin is the most effective antimalarial drug that is derived from Artemisia annua. Amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ADS) controls the first committed step in artemisinin biosynthesis. The ADS gene expression is regulated by transcription factors which bind to the cis-acting elements on the ADS promoter and are probably responsible for the ADS gene expression difference in the Artemisia species. To identify the elements that are significantly involved in ADS gene expression, the ADS gene promoter of the seven Artemisia species was isolated and comparative analysis was performed on the ADS promoter sequences of these species. Results revealed that some of the cis-elements were unique or in terms of number were more in the high artemisinin producer species, A. annua, than the other species. We have reported that the light-responsive elements, W-box, CAAT-box, 5'-UTR py-rich stretch, TATA-box sequence and tandem repeat sequences have been identified as important factors in the increased expression of ADS gene.
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Renouard S, Cyrielle C, Lopez T, Lamblin F, Lainé E, Hano C. Isolation of nuclear proteins from flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed coats for gene expression regulation studies. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:15. [PMID: 22230709 PMCID: PMC3285032 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While seed biology is well characterized and numerous studies have focused on this subject over the past years, the regulation of seed coat development and metabolism is for the most part still non-elucidated. It is well known that the seed coat has an essential role in seed development and its features are associated with important agronomical traits. It also constitutes a rich source of valuable compounds such as pharmaceuticals. Most of the cell genetic material is contained in the nucleus; therefore nuclear proteins constitute a major actor for gene expression regulation. Isolation of nuclear proteins responsible for specific seed coat expression is an important prerequisite for understanding seed coat metabolism and development. The extraction of nuclear proteins may be problematic due to the presence of specific components that can interfere with the extraction process. The seed coat is a rich source of mucilage and phenolics, which are good examples of these hindering compounds. FINDINGS In the present study, we propose an optimized nuclear protein extraction protocol able to provide nuclear proteins from flax seed coat without contaminants and sufficient yield and quality for their use in transcriptional gene expression regulation by gel shift experiments. CONCLUSIONS Routinely, around 250 μg of nuclear proteins per gram of fresh weight were extracted from immature flax seed coats. The isolation protocol described hereafter may serve as an effective tool for gene expression regulation and seed coat-focused proteomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sullivan Renouard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans, Equipe Lignanes des Linacées, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille F-28000 Chartres, France.
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Quigley F, Dao P, Cottet A, Mache R. Sequence analysis of an 81 kb contig from Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome III. Nucleic Acids Res 1996; 24:4313-8. [PMID: 8932388 PMCID: PMC146221 DOI: 10.1093/nar/24.21.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of a 81 493 bp contig from Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome III has been determined together with 11 corresponding cognate cDNAs. Analysis of the finished sequence and comparison with public databases indicates a gene density of one gene per 4527 bp and identifies 17 novel genes, 10 of which are totally unknown or have no well-defined function. In addition, the contig contains part of a non-LTR retrotransposon and large direct and inverted repeats. Contig analysis also provides information on the structure and genomic organization of plant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Quigley
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université JosephFourier et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France.
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Kagaya Y, Nakamura H, Hidaka S, Ejiri S, Tsutsumi K. The promoter from the rice nuclear gene encoding chloroplast aldolase confers mesophyll-specific and light-regulated expression in transgenic tobacco. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1995; 248:668-74. [PMID: 7476869 DOI: 10.1007/bf02191706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The rice genome contains at least four separate loci that encode aldolase isozymes. Among these, the aldolase P (AldP) gene, a nuclear gene coding for chloroplast aldolase, is expressed predominantly in the leaf blade mesophyll cells in rice. To dissect promoter elements that regulate such tissue- or cell type-specific expression, we constructed various AldP promoter-beta-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion genes and transferred them into Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) plants. Analysis of GUS activities in the transgenic tobacco revealed the presence of at least two elements within 2.0 kb AldP promoter region. One is located within the segment from position -2.0 kb to -1.2 kb and acts as a negative element. The other is a positive element located between -1.2 kb and -0.31 kb that confers developmentally regulated, mesophyll cell-specific expression. In addition, the 1.2 kb rice promoter segment flanking the transcription start site contains an element(s) that serves as target for light induction in tobacco. The results suggest that the AldP gene promoter of rice, a monocot promoter, can function in an essentially physiological manner in the dicot tobacco plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kagaya
- Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Japan
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