Li F, Wang J, Liu L, Zhu Y, Li Y. Novel dithioamide extractant for highly selective separation of Pd from acidic leach liquors of waste auto-catalysts.
RSC Adv 2024;
14:30971-30981. [PMID:
39346522 PMCID:
PMC11429227 DOI:
10.1039/d4ra05248j]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of novel efficient extractants for Pd recovery from high acidic chloride media leaching solutions has always been an important task. In this study, a novel pincer extractant N,N'-dibutyl-m-phenyldithioamide (DBTB-4) was successfully synthesized, and its structure was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR (DEPT 135), ESI-HRMS and EA. The possibility of Pd recovery from leaching liquors of waste auto-catalysts by DBTB-4 was evaluated. The Pd extraction mechanism by DBTB-4 from chloride media was studied. DBTB-4 has rapid extraction kinetics for Pd (<30 min), strong extractability and specific selectivity for Pd at acidity of ≤4 mol per L HCl. There are no precipitants or a third phase generation during Pd extraction using a mixture of kerosene and isooctanol with V kerosene/V isooctanol of 1 : 3 as diluent. DBTB-4 quantitatively extracts Pd with DBTB-4/Pd molar ratio of 1 : 1 through coordination with Pd via the two S atoms and the carbon in the phenyl between the two thioamide groups forming two five-membered chelate rings. The extracted complex can be written as (L-H)PdCl, where L stands for one molecular of DBTB-4. DBTB-4 can quantitatively and selectively extract Pd from leaching liquors of waste auto-catalysts leaving nearly all Pt, Rh and base metals in the raffinate.
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