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Kaushik M, Mulani E, Kumar A, Chauhan H, Saini MR, Bharati A, Gayatri, Iyyappan Y, Madhavan J, Sevanthi AM, Mandal PK. Starch and storage protein dynamics in the developing and matured grains of durum wheat and diploid progenitor species. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131177. [PMID: 38583842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Durum wheat, less immunogenically intolerant than bread wheat, originates from diploid progenitors known for nutritional quality and stress tolerance. Present study involves the analysis of major grain parameters, viz. size, weight, sugar, starch, and protein content of Triticum durum (AABB genome) and its diploid progenitors, Triticum monococcum (AA genome) and Aegilops speltoides (BB genome). Samples were collected during 2-5 weeks after anthesis (WAA), and at maturity. The investigation revealed that T. durum displayed the maximum grain size and weight. Expression analysis of Grain Weight 2 (GW2) and Glutamine Synthase (GS2), negative and positive regulators of grain weight and size, respectively, revealed higher GW2 expression in Ae. speltoides and higher GS2 expression in T. durum. Further we explored total starch, sugar and protein content, observing higher levels of starch and sugar in durum wheat while AA genome species exhibited higher protein content dominated by the fractions of albumin/globulin. HPLC profiling revealed unique sub-fractions in all three genome species. Additionally, a comparative transcriptome analysis also corroborated with the starch and protein content in the grains. This study provides valuable insights into the genetic and biochemical distinctions among durum wheat and its diploid progenitors, offering a foundation for their nutritional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Kaushik
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ekta Mulani
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Manish Ranjan Saini
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Alka Bharati
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gayatri
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Yuvaraj Iyyappan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Jayanthi Madhavan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amitha Mithra Sevanthi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
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Davoyan RO, Bebyakina IV, Davoyan ER, Zubanova YS, Boldakov DM, Mikov DS, Bibishev VA, Zinchenko AN, Badaeva ED. Using the synthetic form RS5 to obtain new introgressive lines of common wheat. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 25:770-777. [PMID: 34950848 PMCID: PMC8651572 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of the gene pool of wild relatives, which have a signif icant reserve of genetic diversity, is of immediate interest for breeding common wheat. The creation and use of synthetic forms as "bridges" is an effective method of transferring valuable genetic material from wild relatives to cultivated wheat. For this purpose, genome addition, genome substitution and recombinant "secondary" synthetic forms have been created in the P.P. Lukyanenko National Center of Grain. The synthetic recombination form RS5 (BBAASDt), in which the third genome consists of chromosomes of Aegilops speltoides (S) and Aegilops tauschii (Dt), was obtained from crossing the synthetic forms Avrodes (BBAASS) and M.it./ Ae. tauschii (BBAADt Dt), in which the D genome from Ae. tauschii was added to the BBAA genomes of the durum wheat cultivar Mutico italicum. Introgression lines resistant to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew have been obtained from backcrosses with the susceptible common wheat cultivars Krasnodarskaya 99, Rostislav and Zhirovka. Twelve resistant lines that additionally have high technological characteristics of grain and f lour have been selected. The cytological study (С-banding) has revealed chromosomal modif ications in 6 of 8 lines under study. The rearrangements mainly affected the chromosomes of the D genome, 1D, 3D, 4D, 6D and 7D. It was found that in most cases the genetic material from the synthetic form RS5 in the studied lines was represented by substituted chromosomes from Ae. tauschii. In line 5791p17, the substitution of chromosomes 6D from Ae. tauschii and 7D from Ae. speltoides was revealed. Substitutions 4D(4Dt), 6D(6Dt) from Ae. tauschii and 7D(7S) from Ae. speltoides were obtained for the f irst time. Molecular analysis of 12 lines did not reveal effective leaf rust resistance genes, presumably present in synthetic forms of M.it./Ae. tauschii and Avrodes. It is assumed that the lines may carry previously unidentif ied genes for fungal disease resistance, in particular for resistance to leaf rust, from Ae. tauschii and Ae. speltoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O Davoyan
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - I V Bebyakina
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - E R Davoyan
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Y S Zubanova
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - D M Boldakov
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - D S Mikov
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - V A Bibishev
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - A N Zinchenko
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - E D Badaeva
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Berezhnaya A, Kiseleva A, Leonova I, Salina E. Allelic Variation Analysis at the Vernalization Response and Photoperiod Genes in Russian Wheat Varieties Identified Two Novel Alleles of Vrn-B3. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121897. [PMID: 34944541 PMCID: PMC8699075 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heading time is an important agronomic trait affecting the adaptability and productivity of common wheat. In this study, 95 common wheat varieties from Russia and the late-maturing breeding line ‘Velut’ were tested for allelic diversity of genes having the strongest effect on heading. In this research, allelic variation at the Ppd-D1, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1, and Vrn-B3 loci was tested. The Vrn-B1 and Vrn-B3 loci provided the largest contribution to genetic diversity. We found two novel allelic variants of the Vrn-B3 gene in the studied varieties. Ten varieties carried a 160 bp insertion in the promoter region, and the breeding line ‘Velut’ carried a 1617 bp insertion. These alleles were designated Vrn-B3e and Vrn-B3d, respectively. The analysis of the sequences showed the recent insertion of a retrotransposon homologous to the LTR retrotransposon (RLX_Hvul_Dacia_ RND-1) in the Vrn-B3d allele. Plants with the Vrn-B3e and the ‘Velut’ line with the Vrn-B3d allele headed later than the plants with the wild-type allele; among these plants, ‘Velut’ is the latest maturing wheat variety. Analysis of the gene expression of two groups of lines differing by the Vrn-B3 alleles (Vrn-B3d or vrn-B3) from the F2 population with ‘Velut’ as a parental line did not reveal a significant difference in the expression level between the groups. Additional research is required to study the reasons for the late maturation of the ‘Velut’ line. However, the studied wheat varieties could be used as a potential source of natural variation in genes controlling heading times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Berezhnaya
- The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (I.L.); (E.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(383)-363-49-95
| | - Antonina Kiseleva
- The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (I.L.); (E.S.)
- Kurchatov Genomics Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina Leonova
- The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (I.L.); (E.S.)
| | - Elena Salina
- The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (I.L.); (E.S.)
- Kurchatov Genomics Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Adonina IG, Timonova EM, Salina EA. Introgressive Hybridization of Common Wheat: Results and Prospects. RUSS J GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795421030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shelenga TV, Malyshev LL, Kerv YA, Diubenko TV, Konarev AV, Horeva VI, Belousova MK, Kolesova MA, Chikida NN. Metabolomic approach to search for fungal resistant forms of Aegilops tauschii Coss. from the VIR collection. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2020; 24:252-258. [PMID: 33659806 PMCID: PMC7716562 DOI: 10.18699/vj20.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Broadening of the genetic diversity of donors of resistance to biotic environmental factors is a challenging
problem concerning Triticum L., which can be solved by using wild relatives of wheat, in particular, Aegilops
tauschii Coss., in breeding programs. This species, believed to be the donor of D genome of common wheat
(T. aestivum L.), is a source of some traits important for breeding. This greatly facilitates the possibility of crossing
Ae. tauschii with common wheat. Aegilops L. species are donors of effective genes for resistance to fungal diseases
in wheat. For instance, genes that determine resistance to rust agents in common wheat were successfully
introgressed from Ae. tauschii into the genome of T. aestivum L. The aim of our study was to identify differences
in metabolomic profiles of Ae. tauschii forms (genotypes), resistant or susceptible to such fungal pathogens as
Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici and Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici. These indicators may be used as biochemical markers
of resistance. A comparative analysis of groups of Ae. tauschii accessions showed that metabolomic profiles of the
forms with or without resistance to fungal pathogens differed significantly in the contents of nonproteinogenic
amino acids, polyols, phytosterols,
acylglycerols, mono- and oligosaccharides, glycosides, phenolic compounds
(hydroquinone, kempferol), etc. This fact was consistent with the previously obtained data on the relationship
between Fusarium resistance in oats (Avena sativa L.) and certain components of the metabolomic profile, such as
acylglycerols, nonproteinogenic amino acids, galactinol, etc. Thus, our studies once again confirmed the possibility
and effectiveness of the use of metabolomic analysis for screening the genetic diversity of accessions in the VIR
collection, of Ae. tauschii in particular, in order to identify forms with a set of compounds in their metabolomic
profile, which characterize them as resistant. Ae. tauschii accessions with a high content of pipecolic acids, acylglycerols,
galactinol, stigmasterol,
glycerol, azelaic and pyrogallic acids, campesterol, hydroquinone, etc., can be
used for creating wheat and triticale cultivars with high resistance to fungal pathogens causing powdery mildew,
brown rust, and yellow rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Shelenga
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - L L Malyshev
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu A Kerv
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T V Diubenko
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Konarev
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V I Horeva
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M K Belousova
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M A Kolesova
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N N Chikida
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
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Davoyan RO, Bebyakina IV, Davoyan ER, Mikov DS, Zubanova YS, Boldakov DM, Badaeva ED, Adonina IG, Salina EA, Zinchenko AN. The development and study of common wheat introgression lines derived from the synthetic form RS7. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2019. [DOI: 10.18699/vj19.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic recombination form RS7 (BBAAUS), in which the first two genomes, A and B, originate from common wheat, and the third recombinant genome consists of Aegilops speltoides (S) and Ae. umbellulata (U) chromosomes, was obtained from crossing synthetic forms Avrodes (BBAASS) and Avrolata (BBAAUU). Resistant to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew, introgression lines have been obtained from backcrosses with the susceptible varieties of common wheat Krasnodarskaya 99, Fisht and Rostislav. PCR analysis showed the presence of amplification fragments with marker SCS421 specific for the Lr28 gene in the line 4991n17. The cytological study (С-banding and FISH) of 14 lines has revealed chromosomal modifications in 12 of them. In most cases, the lines carry translocations from Ae. speltoides, which were identified in chromosomes 1D, 2D, 3D, 2B, 4B, 5B and 7B. Also, lines with the substituted chromosomes 1S (1B), 4D (4S), 5D (5S) and 7D (7S) were identified. Lines that have genetic material from Ae. speltoides and Ae umbellulata at once were revealed. In the line 3379n14, translocations in the short arm of chromosome 7D from Ae. umbellulata and chromosomes 5BL, 1DL, 2DL from Ae. speltoides were revealed. The line 4626p16 presumably has a translocation on the long arm of chromosome 2D from Ae. umbellulata and the T7SS.7SL-7DL translocation from Ae. speltoides. The T1DS.1DL-1SL and T3DS.3DL-3SL translocations from Ae. speltoides, and T2DS.2DL-2UL and T7DL.7DS-7US from Ae. umbellulata have been obtained for the first time. These lines may carry previously unidentified disease resistance genes and, in particular, leaf rust resistance genes from Ae. speltoides and Ae. umbellulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. O. Davoyan
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko
| | | | - E. R. Davoyan
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko
| | - D. S. Mikov
- National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko
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Petrash NV, Leonova IN, Adonina IG, Salina EA. Effect of translocations from Aegilops speltoides Tausch on resistance to fungal diseases and productivity in common wheat. RUSS J GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795416120097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Novoselskaya-Dragovich AY. Genetics and genomics of wheat: Storage proteins, ecological plasticity, and immunity. RUSS J GENET+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279541505004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Timonova EM, Dobrovol’skaya OB, Sergeeva EM, Bildanova LL, Sourdille P, Feuillet C, Salina EA. A comparative genetic and cytogenetic mapping of wheat chromosome 5B using introgression lines. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413120132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Leonova IN, Badaeva ED, Orlovskaya OA, Röder MS, Khotyleva LV, Salina EA, Shumny VK. Comparative characteristic of Triticum aestivum/Triticum durum and Triticum aestivum/Triticum dicoccum hybrid lines by genomic composition and resistance to fungal diseases under different environmental conditions. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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