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Fatty Acid Composition and Contents of Fish of Genus Salvelinus from Natural Ecosystems and Aquaculture. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010144. [PMID: 35053292 PMCID: PMC8774181 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FA) of muscle tissue of Salvelinus species and its forms, S. alpinus, S. boganidae, S. drjagini, and S. fontinalis, from six Russian lakes and two aquacultures, were analyzed. Considerable variations in FA compositions and contents were found, including contents of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA), which are important indicators of fish nutritive value for humans. As found, contents of EPA+DHA (mg·g−1 wet weight) in muscle tissue of Salvelinus species and forms varied more than tenfold. These differences were supposed to be primarily determined by phylogenetic factors, rather than ecological factors, including food. Two species, S. boganidae and S. drjagini, had the highest EPA+DHA contents in their biomass and thereby could be recommended as promising species for aquaculture to obtain production with especially high nutritive value. Basing on revealed differences in FA composition of wild and farmed fish, levels of 15-17-BFA (branched fatty acids), 18:2NMI (non-methylene interrupted), 20:2NMI, 20:4n-3, and 22:4n-3 fatty acids were recommended for verifying trade label information of fish products on shelves, as the biomarkers to differentiate wild and farmed charr.
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Potapov GS, Kondakov AV, Filippov BY, Gofarov MY, Kolosova YS, Spitsyn VM, Tomilova AA, Zubrii NA, Bolotov IN. Pollinators on the polar edge of the Ecumene: taxonomy, phylogeography, and ecology of bumble bees from Novaya Zemlya. Zookeys 2019; 866:85-115. [PMID: 31388324 PMCID: PMC6669216 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.866.35084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The High Arctic bumble bee fauna is rather poorly known, while a growing body of recent molecular research indicates that several Arctic species may represent endemic lineages with restricted ranges. Such local endemics are in need of special conservation efforts because of the increasing anthropogenic pressure and climate changes. Here, we re-examine the taxonomic and biogeographic affinities of bumble bees from Novaya Zemlya using historical samples and recently collected materials (1895–1925 vs. 2015–2017). Three bumble bee species inhabit the Yuzhny (Southern) Island and the southern edge of Severny (Northern) Island of this archipelago: Bombusglacialis Friese, 1902, B.hyperboreus Schönherr, 1809, and B.pyrrhopygus Friese, 1902. Bombusglacialis shares three unique COI haplotypes that may indicate its long-term (pre-glacial) persistence on Novaya Zemlya. In contrast, Bombushyperboreus and B.pyrrhopygus share a rather low molecular divergence from mainland populations, with the same or closely related haplotypes as those from Arctic Siberia and Norway. A brief re-description of Bombuspyrrhopygus based on the newly collected topotypes is presented. Habitats, foraging plants and life cycles of bumble bees on Novaya Zemlya are characterized, and possible causes of extremely low bumble bee abundance on the archipelago are discussed. The species-poor bumble bee fauna of Novaya Zemlya is compared with those in other areas throughout the Arctic. The mean bumble bee species richness on the Arctic Ocean islands is three times lower than that in the mainland Arctic areas (3.1 vs. 8.6 species per local fauna, respectively). General linear models (GLMs) indicate that this difference can be explained by specific environmental conditions of insular areas. Our findings highlight that the insularity is a significant factor sharply decreasing species richness in bumble bee assemblages on the Arctic Ocean archipelagoes through colder climate (lower summer temperatures), prevalence of harsh Arctic tundra landscapes with poor foraging resources, and in isolation from the mainland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory S Potapov
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Alexander V Kondakov
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Boris Yu Filippov
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Gofarov
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Yulia S Kolosova
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Vitaly M Spitsyn
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Alena A Tomilova
- Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Natalia A Zubrii
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Ivan N Bolotov
- Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002, Northern Dvina Emb. 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences Arkhangelsk Russia.,Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000, Northern Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia Northern Arctic Federal University Arkhangelsk Russia
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