1
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Abstract
The crystal structure of 1,12-diiodo-ortho-carborane 1,12-I2-1,2-C2B10H10 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In contrary to earlier studied 1,12-dibromo analogue 1,12-Br2-1,2- C2B10H10, its crystal packing is governed by the presence of the intermolecular I⋯I dihalogen bonds between the iodine atom attached to the carbon atom (acceptor) and the iodine atom attached to the antipodal boron atom (donor) of the carborane cage. The observed dihalogen bonds belong to the II type and are characterized by classical parameters: shortened I⋯I distance of 3.5687(9) Å, C–I⋯I angle of 172.61(11)° and B–I⋯I angle of 92.98(12)°.
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2
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Hahn NT, Seguin TJ, Lau KC, Liao C, Ingram BJ, Persson KA, Zavadil KR. Enhanced Stability of the Carba-closo-dodecaborate Anion for High-Voltage Battery Electrolytes through Rational Design. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11076-11084. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T. Hahn
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Material, Physical and Chemical Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87158, United States
| | - Trevor J. Seguin
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ka-Cheong Lau
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Chen Liao
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Brian J. Ingram
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kristin A. Persson
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kevin R. Zavadil
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Material, Physical and Chemical Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87158, United States
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3
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Alpha shift correlation (ASC) method. Sensitivity of 11B NMR shifts to halogen substitution in the ten-vertex nido and arachno series of boron clusters. Linear behavior of NMR effects. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Štíbr B, Tok OL, Holub J. Quantitative Assessment of Substitution NMR Effects in the Model Series of o-Carborane Derivatives: α-Shift Correlation Method. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8334-8340. [PMID: 28654251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The principles of a new α-shift correlation (ASC) NMR method are demonstrated on a model series of substituted derivatives of o-carborane for which reliable NMR data are available. This graphical method revealed an acceptable linear correlation between α(11B) or α(13C) shifts and those induced by substituents in unsubstituted (u) positions of the carborane cluster. The linearity holds for all nuclei involved in skeletal bonding: Δδ(N)u = g × α (where N = 11B, 13C, and 1H). The factor g (slope of the correlation line × 102) becomes an important measure of sensitivity of a given cage position to substituent changes. The β, γ, and δ = A (= antipodal) shifts can be therefore derived from the α-shift, are linearly proportional, and reflect additive character in double substitution. The ASC method appears to be an important tool for quantitative assessment of substituent NMR effects in all exo-substituted boron-cluster systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohumil Štíbr
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg L Tok
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
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5
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Štíbr B. 11B-NMR shielding effects in theclosoborane series: sensitivity of shifts and their additivity. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02689g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NMR shielding effects for [Xm-closo-BnHn−m]2−anions exhibit a simple linear behaviour in all positions of the borane cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Štíbr
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of The Czech Republic
- The Czech Republic
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6
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Šembera F, Plutnar J, Higelin A, Janoušek Z, Císařová I, Michl J. Metal Complexes with Very Large Dipole Moments: the Anionic Carborane Nitriles 12-NC–CB11X11– (X = H, F, CH3) as Ligands on Pt(II) and Pd(II). Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3797-806. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Šembera
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plutnar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Higelin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Janoušek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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7
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Douvris C, Michl J. Update 1 of:Chemistry of the Carba-closo-dodecaborate(−) Anion, CB11H12–. Chem Rev 2014; 113:PR179-233. [PMID: 23944158 DOI: 10.1021/cr400059k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Douvris
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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8
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Fete MG, Havlas Z, Michl J. HCB11(CF3)nF11-n−: Inert Anions with High Anodic Oxidation Potentials. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4123-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ja111035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Fete
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Zdeněk Havlas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Michl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
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Valášek M, Štursa J, Pohl R, Michl J. Microwave-Assisted Alkylation of [CB11H12]− and Related Anions. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10247-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ic101234p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Valášek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Štursa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215
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Ringstrand B, Bateman D, Shoemaker RK, Janoušek Z. Improved synthesis of [closo-1-CB9H10]– anion and new C-substituted derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc2008151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Brellochs method was utilized to gain access to the [closo-1-CB9H10]– anion (1). Previous work describing the details of the synthesis of 1 via the [closo-2-CB9H10]– anion (2) was brief and insufficient. Therefore, we report an optimized procedure for the synthesis of 1, the preparation of the unknown C-halogenated series using N-halosuccinimides and bis(benzenesulfonyl)fluoroamine, and the unknown C-methylated product using CH3I. NMR properties and regularities within the series were also investigated.
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11
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Abstract
After a brief introduction to the electronic structure of the three-dimensionally aromatic icosahedral closo-monocarbadodecaborate anion CB11H12-, some recent results for its permethylated version, CB11Me12- and three highly reactive electroneutral analogs are presented and discussed. These are the radical CB11Me12·, the boronium ylide CB11Me11 with a naked boron vertex, and the isomeric carbonium ylide with a naked carbon vertex. These ylides are probably better viewed as unusual types of singlet borylene and carbene, respectively.
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12
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Körbe S, Schreiber PJ, Michl J. Chemistry of the Carba-closo-dodecaborate(−) Anion, CB11H12-. Chem Rev 2006; 106:5208-49. [PMID: 17165686 DOI: 10.1021/cr050548u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Körbe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
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13
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Franken A, Jelínek T, Taylor RG, Ormsby DL, Kilner CA, Clegg W, Kennedy JD. Polyhedral monocarbaborane chemistry. Some C-phenylated seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven and twelve-vertex species. Dalton Trans 2006:5753-69. [PMID: 17146540 DOI: 10.1039/b609908d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Some synthetic and structural systematics for monocarbaboranes, using the C-phenylated motif as the example, are investigated. The 10-vertex [6-Ph-nido-6-CB(9)H(11)](-) anion 1, from reaction of PhCHO with B(10)H(14) in KOH/H(2)O, is a useful entry synthon into C-phenyl monocarbaborane chemistry. Treatment of anion 1 with Na/thf yields the 10-vertex [1-Ph-closo-1-CB(9)H(9)](-) anion 2a, whereas treatment of anion 1 with iodine in alkaline solution yields the isomeric 10-vertex [2-Ph-closo-2-CB(9)H(9)](-) anion 2b, which isomerises quantitatively to 2a on heating under reflux in DME. Thermolysis of anion 1 yields the 9-vertex [4-Ph-closo-4-CB(8)H(8)](-) anion 5, whereas treatment of anion 1 with FeCl(3)/HCl gives neutral 9-vertex [4-Ph-arachno-4-CB(8)H(13)] 3. Compound 3 gives neutral 9-vertex [1-Ph-nido-1-CB(8)H(11)] 4 in refluxing toluene, and gives the 7-vertex [2-Ph-closo-2-CB(6)H(6)](-) anion 7 and the 8-vertex [1-Ph-closo-1-CB(7)H(7)](-) anion 6 in refluxing toluene with NEt(3). Reaction of 1 with [BH(3)(thf)] yields the 11-vertex [7-Ph-nido-7-CB(10)H(12)](-) anion 8 which can be converted to the 12-vertex [1-Ph-closo-1-CB(11)H(11)](-) anion 10 using [BH(3)(SMe(2))]; alternatively, anion 1 yields anion 10 directly on treatment with [BH(3)(NEt(3))]. Treatment of anion 8 with I(2)/KOH yields the 11-vertex [2-Ph-closo-2-CB(10)H(10)](-) anion 9. The structures of anions 1, 2a, 2b, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 have been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of their [NEt(4)](+) salts, and those of neutral 3 and 4 estimated by DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level; similar calculations have also been applied to the new anionic closo species 2a, 2b, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10. Crystals of the [NEt(4)](+) salt of the [2-Ph-closo-2-CB(6)H(6)](-) anion 7 required synchrotron X-radiation for sufficient diffraction intensity for molecular-structure elucidation. The syntheses are in principle generally applicable to give extensive derivative C-aryl and C-alkyl chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Franken
- The School of Chemistry of the University of Leeds, Leeds, UKLS2 9JT
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Machácek J, Plesek J, Holub J, Hnyk D, Vsetecka V, Císarová I, Kaupp M, Stíbr B. New route to 1-thia-closo-dodecaborane(11), closo-1-SB11H11, and its halogenation reactions. The effect of the halogen on the dipole moments and the NMR spectra and the importance of spin–orbit coupling for the11B chemical shifts. Dalton Trans 2006:1024-9. [PMID: 16474888 DOI: 10.1039/b512345c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction between nido-B10H14 (1) and elemental sulfur in CHCl3 in the presence of Et3N at room temperature, followed by treatment with Et3N.BH3 at 170-190 degrees C, resulted in the isolation of closo-1-SB11H11 (2) in 50% yield. Selected electrophilic halogenation reactions of compound led to the isolation of a series of monohalogenated derivatives of general constitution 12-X-closo-1-SB11H10 (12-X-, where X = Cl, Br, and I). The structures of 12-Cl- and 12-I- were determined by an X-ray diffraction analysis and the structures of all compounds were geometry optimised at the RMP2(fc)/6-31G* level. The constitution of all compounds is consistent with the results of mass spectrometry and multinuclear (1H and 11B) spectroscopy complemented by two-dimensional [11B-11B]-COSY and 1H{11B(selective)} NMR measurements. Experimental 11B chemical shifts generally show acceptable agreement with theoretical values calculated by GIAO methods, but spin-orbit coupling must be included for nuclei bearing heavy-atom substituents such as Br or I. The dipole moments determined for the B12-X bonds show similarities to those of aliphatic C-X bonds and confirm unambiguously the B12 --> S dipole moment orientation in the SB11 cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Machácek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 250 68, Rez, Czech Republic
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15
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Vyakaranam K, Janoušek Z, Eriksson L, Michl J. Preparation of undecamethylated and hexamethylated 1-halocarba-closo-dodecaborate anions. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.20224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Vyakaranam K, Körbe S, Divisová H, Michl J. A New Type of Intermediate, C+(BCH3)11- ↔ C(BCH3)11, in a Grob Fragmentation Coupled with Intramolecular Hydride Transfer. A Nonclassical Carbocation Ylide or a Carbenoid? J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:15795-801. [PMID: 15571404 DOI: 10.1021/ja0466558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In solvolysis of alkyl halides Hal-(CH(2))(n)-C(BCH(3))(11)(-) (n = 2, 5, 6, but not 3, 4, or 7) and protonation of alkenes CH(2)=CH-(CH(2))(n)(-)(2)-C(BCH(3))(11)(-) (n = 3, 6, 7, but not 4 or 5) carrying the icosahedral electrofuge -C(BCH(3))(11)(-) attached through its cage carbon atom, generation of incipient positive charge on C(alpha) (as shown in Scheme 1 in the article) leads to simultaneous cleavage of the C(beta)-C(BCH(3))(11)(-) bond. The products are a C(alpha)=C(beta) alkene and a postulated intermediate C(+)(BCH(3))(11)(-) <--> C(BCH(3))(11), trapped as the adduct Nu-C(BCH(3))(11)(-) by one of the nucleophiles (Nu(-)) present. The reaction kinetics is E1, first order in the haloalkylcarborane and zero order in [Nu(-)], and the elimination appears to be concerted, as in the usual E2 mechanism. The process is best viewed as a Grob fragmentation. The loss of the longer chains involves intrachain hydride transfer from the C(alpha)-H bond to an incipient carbocation on C(delta)(') or C(epsilon)(') via a five- or six-membered cyclic transition state, respectively. The electronic structure of the postulated intermediate is believed to lie between those of a nonclassical carbonium ylide C(+)(BCH(3))(11)(-) and a carbenoid C(BCH(3))(11) whose electronic ground state resembles the S(2) state of ordinary carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamesh Vyakaranam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
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Franken A, Kilner CA, Kennedy JD. Monocarbaborane anion chemistry: use of an anilinyl residue as an anchor group for the construction of rod-like monocarbaboranyl diazo and imino compounds. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1387-7003(03)00180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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