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Hong J, Luo F, Du X, Xian F, Li X. The immune cells in modulating osteoclast formation and bone metabolism. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112151. [PMID: 38685175 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are pivotal in regulating bone metabolism, with immune cells significantly influencing both physiological and pathological processes by modulating osteoclast functions. This is particularly evident in conditions of inflammatory bone resorption, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. This review summarizes and comprehensively analyzes the research progress on the regulation of osteoclast formation by immune cells, aiming to unveil the underlying mechanisms and pathways through which diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis, impact bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xingyue Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fa Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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2
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Li S, Liu G, Hu S. Osteoporosis: interferon-gamma-mediated bone remodeling in osteoimmunology. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1396122. [PMID: 38817601 PMCID: PMC11137183 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1396122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world population ages, osteoporosis, the most common disease of bone metabolism, affects more than 200 million people worldwide. The etiology is an imbalance in bone remodeling process resulting in more significant bone resorption than bone remodeling. With the advent of the osteoimmunology field, the immune system's role in skeletal pathologies is gradually being discovered. The cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a member of the interferon family, is an important factor in the etiology and treatment of osteoporosis because it mediates bone remodeling. This review starts with bone remodeling process and includes the cellular and key signaling pathways of bone remodeling. The effects of IFN-γ on osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone mass are discussed separately, while the overall effects of IFN-γ on primary and secondary osteoporosis are summarized. The net effect of IFN-γ on bone appears to be highly dependent on the environment, dose, concentration, and stage of cellular differentiation. This review focuses on the mechanisms of bone remodeling and bone immunology, with a comprehensive discussion of the relationship between IFN-γ and osteoporosis. Finding the paradoxical balance of IFN-γ in bone immunology and exploring the potential of its clinical application provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- The Orthopaedic Center, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou University Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siwang Hu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou University Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Yu YQ, Wang H. Imbalance of Th1 and Th2 Cytokines and Stem Cell Therapy in Pathological Pain. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:88-101. [PMID: 36573059 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666221226145828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological importance of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cell cytokines in pathological pain has been highly debated in recent decades. However, the analgesic strategy targeting individual cytokines still has a long way to go for clinical application. In this review, we focus on the contributions of Th1 cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13) in rodent pain models and human pain-related diseases. A large number of studies have shown that Th1 and Th2 cytokines have opposing effects on pain modulation. The imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines might determine the final effect of pain generation or inhibition. However, increasing evidence indicates that targeting the individual cytokine is not sufficient for the treatment of pathological pain. It is practical to suggest a promising therapeutic strategy against the combined effects of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. We summarize the current advances in stem cell therapy for pain-related diseases. Preclinical and clinical studies show that stem cells inhibit proinflammatory cytokines and release enormous Th2 cytokines that exhibit a strong analgesic effect. Therefore, a shift of the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines induced by stem cells will provide a novel therapeutic strategy against intractable pain. It is extremely important to reveal the cellular and molecular mechanisms of stem cell-mediated analgesia. The efficiency and safety of stem cell therapy should be carefully evaluated in animal models and patients with pathological pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Qing Yu
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
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Hughes CD, Ryan SE, Steel KJA, van den Beukel MD, Trouw LA, van Schie KAJ, Toes REM, Menon B, Kirkham BW, Taams LS. Type 17-specific immune pathways are active in early spondyloarthritis. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003328. [PMID: 38123480 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Undifferentiated, early inflammatory arthritis (EIA) can differentiate into seropositive or seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA), peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA) or remain as seronegative undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis (UIA). Little is known about immune pathways active in the early stages of SpA and seronegative UIA, in contrast to detailed knowledge of seropositive RA. The aim of this study was to examine if specific immune pathways were active in synovial CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in EIA. METHODS Synovial fluid (SF) samples from 30 patients with EIA were analysed for expression of IL-17A, IFNγ and TNFα in CD8+ or CD4+ T cells. Final clinical diagnoses were made at least 12 months after sample collection, by two independent clinicians blind to the study data. RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis of all EIA samples indicated considerable variation in synovial IL-17A+CD8+ T cells (Tc17) cell frequencies between patients. The group with a final diagnosis of SpA (psoriatic arthritis or peripheral SpA, n=14) showed a significant enrichment in the percentage of synovial Tc17 cells compared with the group later diagnosed with seronegative UIA (n=10). The small number of patients later diagnosed with seropositive RA (n=6) patients had few Tc17 cells, similar to our previous findings in established disease. In contrast, RA SF contained a significantly higher percentage of CD8+IFNγ+ T cells compared with SpA or seronegative UIA. CONCLUSION These results suggest that adaptive T cell cytokine pathways differ not only between RA and SpA but also seronegative UIA early in the disease process, with a particular activation of Tc17 pathways in early SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D Hughes
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Ryan
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kathryn J A Steel
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - L A Trouw
- Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Karin A J van Schie
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bina Menon
- Department of Rheumatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Bruce W Kirkham
- Department of Rheumatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Leonie S Taams
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
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Agger AE, Reseland JE, Hjelkrem E, Lian AM, Hals EKB, Zandi H, Sunde PT. Are comorbidities associated with the cytokine/chemokine profile of persistent apical periodontitis? Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5203-5215. [PMID: 37434075 PMCID: PMC10492720 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify disease-related markers in persistent apical periodontitis (PAP) biopsies and examine whether these were associated with comorbidities like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). MATERIALS AND METHOD The levels of the cytokines/chemokines GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-21, IL-23, IL-27, IL-28A/IFN -λ2, IL-33, MIP-3α/CCL20, and TNF-α were determined in lesions from patients with PAP (n = 20) and compared to healthy bone samples (n = 20). RESULTS We identified eleven cytokines to be differently expressed, and among them, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17E, IL-21, and IL-27 appeared to drive the discrepancy between the disease and healthy groups. The levels of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell promoting cytokines (IL-21, IL-6, IL-27) were enhanced while T helper (Th) 1 cell promoting cytokine (IL-2), Th2 cell promoting cytokine (IL-13), and Th17 cell promoting cytokine (IL-17E) were reduced in the PAP group. The data also indicate that Tfh cell differentiation (IL-21), along with Th1 (GM-CSF, IFNγ), Th2 (IL-13), and Th17 (GM-CSF) cell differentiation, might be increased in the subpopulation of patients suffering from RA, whereas no differences were found in patients with CVD. CONCLUSIONS Levels of cytokines/chemokines in PAP were identified, and cluster analyzes indicated that these markers may be associated with the differentiation of different T cell populations. Patients with PAP and RA comorbidities showed elevated levels of markers reinforcing this association. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Molecular analyses of PAP may result in identification of prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Eriksson Agger
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Hjelkrem
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aina-Mari Lian
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Else K Breivik Hals
- TAKO-Centre, National Resource Centre for Oral Health in Rare Medical Conditions, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Homan Zandi
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pia Titterud Sunde
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Postboks 1109 Blindern, N-0317, Oslo, Norway.
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Yan N, Jing H, Wang J, Li Z, Xu K, Wang Q, Zheng J, Shi L, Cao X, Duan X. Arsenic Induces Blood‒Brain Barrier Disruption and Regulates T Lymphocyte Subpopulation Differentiation in the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus Associated with the Nrf2 Pathway In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03500-3. [PMID: 36435854 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has confirmed that the nervous system shows innate and adaptive immunity, which also participates in nerve damage. This study aimed to explore the neuroimmune imbalance induced by arsenic and its possible mechanism. Mice were exposed to NaAsO2 (0, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/L) for 1 month by drinking water. Y-maze and Morris water maze tests revealed that arsenic impaired learning and memory. The optical density of Evans blue showed a marked dose-dependent increase in the brain, and the mRNA and protein levels of the BBB tight junctions (TJs), occludin at 25 and 50 mg/L arsenic, and claudin-5 at 50 mg/L arsenic, were markedly decreased in the cerebral cortex. Arsenic downregulated occludin and claudin-5 mRNA expression at 50 mg/L and protein expression at 25 and 50 mg/L in the hippocampus. Immunohistochemical staining showed that 50 mg/L arsenic increased corticocerebral and hippocampal CD3+ T, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T cells; CD4 and CD8 proteins were increased with 25 and 50 mg/L arsenic. Arsenic decreased the corticocerebral and hippocampal Th1, Th17, and regulatory Treg transcription factors T-bet, Rorγt, and Foxp3 and the cytokine IFN-γ, IL-17, and TGF-β mRNA levels and increased the Th2 transcription factor GATA3 and cytokine IL-4 mRNA levels. Moreover, arsenic enhanced the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2) and its downstream enzymes heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). In conclusion, these results demonstrate that arsenic exposure induces BBB dysfunction and T lymphocyte infiltration and affects CD4+ T lymphocyte differentiation, which may be associated with Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yan
- Department of Medical Applied Technology, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Jing
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Kangjie Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingwen Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Affiliated Health School, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiankui Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital and Institute (Cancer Hospital of China Medical University), Liaoning, Shenyang, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Duan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, Shenyang, China.
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Tucci G, Garufi C, Pacella I, Zagaglioni M, Pinzon Grimaldos A, Ceccarelli F, Conti F, Spinelli FR, Piconese S. Baricitinib therapy response in rheumatoid arthritis patients associates to STAT1 phosphorylation in monocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:932240. [PMID: 35958600 PMCID: PMC9357974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Baricitinib is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 inhibitor approved for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The JAK/STAT system is essential in the intracellular signaling of different cytokines and in the activation process of the monocyte lineage. This study verifies the effects of baricitinib on STAT phosphorylation in monocytes of RA patients and evaluates the correlation between STAT phosphorylation and response to therapy. We evaluated the disease activity of patients (DAS28CRP) at baseline (T0) and after 4 and 12 weeks (T1–T3) of treatment with baricitinib, dividing them into responders (n = 7) and non-responders (n = 7) based on the reduction of DAS28CRP between T0 and T1 of at least 1.2 points. Through flow cytometry, STAT1 phosphorylation was analyzed at T0/T1/T3 in monocytes, at basal conditions and after IL2, IFNα, and IL6 stimulation. We showed that monocyte frequency decreased from T0 to T1 only in responders. Regarding the phosphorylation of STAT1, we observed a tendency for higher basal pSTAT1 in monocytes of non-responder patients and, after 4 weeks, a significant reduction of cytokine-induced pSTAT1 in monocytes of responders compared with non-responders. The single IFNα stimulation only partially recapitulated the differences in STAT1 phosphorylation between the two patient subgroups. Finally, responders showed an increased IFN signature at baseline compared with non-responders. These results may suggest that monocyte frequency and STAT1 phosphorylation in circulating monocytes could represent early markers of response to baricitinib therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Tucci
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Garufi
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pacella
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Zagaglioni
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pinzon Grimaldos
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Spinelli
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Piconese
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Unità di Neuroimmunologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Silvia Piconese,
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Rankothgedera S, Atukorala I, Fernando C, Munidasa D, Wijayaratne L, Udagama P. A potential diagnostic serum immunological marker panel to differentiate between primary and secondary knee osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257507. [PMID: 34543351 PMCID: PMC8452079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation contributes to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) where many immunological mediators participate in its initiation and progression. Most clinicians manage primary (pKOA) and secondary osteoarthritis (sKOA) alike. Whether immunological profiles of pKOA and sKOA differ remains obscure. Hence, we aimed to differentially identify potential serum immunologic diagnostic markers of pKOA and of sKOA. This case control study used 46 KOA patients (pKOA, n = 30; sKOA, n = 16), and 60 age, gender matched controls (normal healthy, n = 30; systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE] disease controls, n = 30) where serum was assayed for cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) and nitric oxide derivatives (NOx). Sandwich ELISA assessed cytokine levels, while the ‘Griess assay’ quantified NOx levels. The diagnostic accuracy of optimal marker combinations was evaluated by the CombiROC web tool. Compared with pKOA, sKOA serum displayed significantly elevated levels of pro inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) with a concurrent decrease in the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 (P<0.05). This was reiterated by significantly higher Th1:Th2 (TNF-α: IL-10) serum cytokine ratio observed in sKOA compared to that of pKOA. The CombiROC curves identified TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NOx as the best performing panel of potential diagnostic markers to discriminate pKOA from control groups (~97% accuracy, 90% Sensitivity [SE] and 98% specificity [SP]), while TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 discriminated sKOA from control groups (~100% accuracy, 100% SE, and 98% SP). The study identified discrete serum immune biomarker panels to differentiate between pKOA (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NOx) and sKOA (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). These findings may assist in developing distinct therapeutic agents for the two types of KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakuni Rankothgedera
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology & Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Inoshi Atukorala
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Chandrika Fernando
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences (EECMS), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | | | | | - Preethi Udagama
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology & Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- * E-mail:
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Pan J. Immunopathogenic mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:154-164. [PMID: 34466337 PMCID: PMC8397820 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2021.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis and symmetrical joint destruction. RA has become one of the key diseases endangering human health, but its etiology is not clear. Therefore, identifying the immunopathogenic mechanisms of RA and developing therapeutic drugs to treat autoimmune diseases have always been difficult. This article mainly reviews the immunopathogenic mechanism of RA and advances in the study of anti-inflammatory drugs in order to provide a reference for the treatment of RA and drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Yihang Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
- Address correspondence to:Pan Jihong, Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University, # 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan 250117, China. E-mail:
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Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh S, Khosrojerdi A, Aliabadi A, Lotfi S, Mohammadi A, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Immunomodulatory Effects of Curcumin in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evidence from Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 179:1-29. [PMID: 33404796 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder characterized by the destruction of the joint and bone resorption. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, dysregulated functions of three important subtypes of T helper (TH) cells including TH1, TH17, and regulator T (Treg) cells are major causes of the initiation and development of RA. Moreover, B cells as a source of the production of several autoantibodies play key roles in the pathogenesis of RA. The last decades have seen increasingly rapid advances in the field of immunopharmacology using natural origin compounds for the management of various inflammatory diseases. Curcumin, a main active polyphenol compound isolated from turmeric, curcuma longa, possesses a wide range of pharmacologic properties for the treatment of several diseases. This review comprehensively will assess beneficial immunomodulatory effects of curcumin on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and also dysregulated functions of immune cells including TH1, TH17, Treg, and B cells in RA. We also seek the clinical efficacy of curcumin for the treatment of RA in several recent clinical trials. In conclusion, curcumin has been found to ameliorate RA complications through modulating inflammatory and autoreactive responses in immune cells and synovial fibroblast cells via inhibiting the expression or function of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activated protein-1 (AP-1), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Of note, curcumin treatment without any adverse effects can attenuate the clinical symptoms of RA patients and, therefore, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Aliabadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shadi Lotfi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal Research center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Fisher C, Ciurtin C, Leandro M, Sen D, Wedderburn LR. Similarities and Differences Between Juvenile and Adult Spondyloarthropathies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:681621. [PMID: 34136509 PMCID: PMC8200411 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.681621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses a broad spectrum of conditions occurring from childhood to middle age. Key features of SpA include axial and peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, extra-articular manifestations, and a strong association with HLA-B27. These features are common across the ages but there are important differences between juvenile and adult onset disease. Juvenile SpA predominantly affects the peripheral joints and the incidence of axial arthritis increases with age. Enthesitis is important in early disease. This review article highlights the similarities and differences between juvenile and adult SpA including classification, pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging, therapeutic strategies, and disease outcomes. In addition, the impact of the biological transition from childhood to adulthood is explored including the importance of musculoskeletal and immunological maturation. We discuss how the changes associated with adolescence may be important in explaining age-related differences in the clinical phenotype between juvenile and adult SpA and their implications for the treatment of juvenile SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Fisher
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology (Bloomsbury), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Leandro
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology (Bloomsbury), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debajit Sen
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy R Wedderburn
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,Infection, Immunity & Inflammation Teaching and Research Department University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Vecellio M, Hake VX, Davidson C, Carena MC, Wordsworth BP, Selmi C. The IL-17/IL-23 Axis and Its Genetic Contribution to Psoriatic Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:596086. [PMID: 33574815 PMCID: PMC7871349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.596086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease belonging to the family of spondyloarthropathies (SpA). PsA commonly aggravates psoriasis of the skin and frequently manifests as an oligoarthritis with axial skeletal involvement and extraarticular manifestations including dactylitis, enthesitis, and uveitis. The weight of genetic predisposition to psoriasis and PsA is illustrated by the concordance rates in monozygotic twins which clearly demonstrate that genomics is insufficient to induce the clinical phenotype. The association of PsA with several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the IL23R locus and the involvement of Th17 cells in the immunopathogenesis of PsA clearly put the IL-23/IL-17 axis in the spotlight. The IL-23 and IL-17 cytokines have a pivotal role in the chronic inflammation of the synovium in PsA and are also prominent in the skin lesions of those with PsA. In this review, we focus on the genetic association of the IL-23/IL-17 axis with PsA and the contribution of these master cytokines in the pathophysiology of the disease, highlighting the main cell types incriminated in PsA and their specific role in the peripheral blood, lesional skin and joints of patients. We then provide an overview of the approved biologic drugs targeting the IL-23/IL-17 axis and discuss the advantages of genetic stratification to enhance personalized therapies in PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vecellio
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Vivien Xanath Hake
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Connor Davidson
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - B Paul Wordsworth
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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13
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Adefegha SA, Bottari NB, Leal DB, de Andrade CM, Schetinger MR. Interferon gamma/interleukin-4 modulation, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of hesperidin in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model of rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:509-520. [PMID: 32838587 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1814806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study sought to assess the effect of hesperidin on serum inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage in liver of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic rats. METHOD Fifty-six adult female Wistar rats (220-250 g) were acclimatized for two weeks. Intraplantar injection of CFA was done for the induction of arthritis and confirmed on the 14th day prior to oral administration of 40 and 80 mg/kg of hesperidin or dexamethasone for 45 days. RESULT The result showed that treatment with both doses of hesperidin and dexamethasone in the joint of arthritic rats significantly (p < .05) diminished paw swelling/edema and arthritis score as well as enhanced latency in thermal hyperalgesia test. In addition, hesperidin treatment in arthritis rats showed significant (p < .01) improvement in red blood cells and platelets counts as well as hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the arthritis control rat group. Furthermore, hesperidin treatment significantly (p < .05) reduced serum interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels in arthritic rat. In addition, treatment with hesperidin significantly (p < .05) decreased the liver of thiobarbituric acid reactive species and reactive oxygen species levels but raised the levels of total and non-protein thiols of rat induced with CFA. The reduced activities of liver δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase, catalase, glutathione-S transferase in arthritic rats were significantly (p < .05) increased with hesperidin treatment in arthritic rats. This study suggests that hesperidin demonstrated an anti-arthritic effect via modulation of serum IFN-γ and IL-4 levels as well as protection against oxidative damage. CONCLUSION Hence, hesperidin could be a potential immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia, Immunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Nathieli Bianchin Bottari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bitencourt Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia, Immunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Cínthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Programa de Pós graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciência Rurais, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veternária, Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Schetinger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
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14
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Dai H, Adamopoulos IE. Psoriatic arthritis under the influence of IFNγ. Clin Immunol 2020; 218:108513. [PMID: 32574710 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common multifactorial autoimmune disease of the skin, and in a large percentage of patients, immune responses involve nail and joint pathology, which develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Historically, T helper 1 (Th1)-derived-IFN-γ was abundantly detected in psoriatic skin and its correlation with development and severity of PsO, led to an early classification of psoriasis as a Th1-mediated disease. Investigations of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of PsO pathogenesis in recent years, together with impressive results of biologics against interleukin 17A (IL-17) have shifted focus on IL-17A. However, the contributions of IFN-γ in IL-17 induced pathology and its involvement in the development of PsA have been largely overshadowed. This review summarizes the current knowledge on IFN-γ and provides new insights on the contribution of IFN-γ to PsO and PsA disease pathogenesis and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Iannis E Adamopoulos
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, USA.
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15
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Si J, Wang C, Zhang D, Wang B, Hou W, Zhou Y. Osteopontin in Bone Metabolism and Bone Diseases. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919159. [PMID: 31996665 PMCID: PMC7003659 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN), a secreted phosphoprotein, is a member of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein (SIBLING) family of cell matrix proteins and participates in many biological activities. Studies have shown that OPN plays a role in bone metabolism and homeostasis. OPN not only is an important factor in neuron-mediated and endocrine-regulated bone mass, but also is involved in biological activities such as proliferation, migration, and adhesion of several bone-related cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. OPN has been demonstrated to be closely related to the occurrence and development of many bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteosarcoma. As expected, the functions of OPN in the bone have become a research hotspot. In this article, we try to decipher the mechanism of OPN-regulated bone metabolism and bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Si
- Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Denghui Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Hou
- Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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16
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Mateen S, Saeed H, Moin S, Khan AQ, Owais M. T helper cell subpopulations repertoire in peripheral blood and its correlation with sex of newly diagnosed arthritis patients: A gender based study. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105675. [PMID: 31177017 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder. Autoreactive T cells play a very significant role in the pathogenesis of RA. However, the exact mechanisms of disease severity and pathogenesis are poorly understood. We attempted to correlate T-helper cell activities with sexes of newly diagnosed patients with RA. The patients were divided based on their sex and disease severity. Examination of the expression of various factors using quantitative real-time PCR and FACS analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed that T-bet, ROR-γt, Foxp3, and the level of cytokines associated with Th1 cells were almost identical among male and female patients with RA. Interestingly, there was a high correlation between Th17 expression and disease severity in female patients with RA. In general, there was no significant correlation between Th1 cell population and the disease severity in newly diagnosed patients with RA. In contrast, the frequency of both Th17 and Treg cells was higher in patients with more severe disease. The results suggested that, in patients with RA, the T-helper cell balance within peripheral blood was skewed towards the Th17 and Treg phenotypes. Besides Th17- and Treg-associated cytokines, elevated expression of IL-27/IL-23 cytokines might also be responsible for increased disease severity in female patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaiya Mateen
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Haris Saeed
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Shagufta Moin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Abdul Qayyum Khan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India.
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17
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Increase In Il-31 Serum Levels Is Associated With Reduced Structural Damage In Early Axial Spondyloarthritis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7731. [PMID: 29769586 PMCID: PMC5956108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In spondyloarthritis, little is known about the relation between circulating cytokines and patient phenotype. We have quantified serum levels of T helper type 1 cell (Th1), Th2 and Th17 cytokines in patients with recent-onset axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) from the DESIR cohort, a prospective, multicenter French cohort consisting of 708 patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain (duration >3 months but <3 years) suggestive of AxSpA. Serum levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines were assessed at baseline in patients from the DESIR cohort fulfilling the ASAS criteria (ASAS+) and were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. At baseline, ASAS+ patients (n = 443) and healthy controls (n = 79) did not differ in levels of most of the Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines except for IL-31, and sCD40L, which were significantly higher for ASAS+ patients than controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively). On multivariable analysis of ASAS+ patients, IL-31 level was associated with sCD40L level (p < 0.0001), modified Stoke AS Spine Score (mSASSS) < 1 (p = 0.035). The multivariable analyses showed that IL-31 was an independent factor associated with mSASSS < 1 (p = 0.001) and low bone mineral density (p = 0.01). Increased level of IL-31 might protect against structural damage but is also related to low BMD.
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18
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Lee SH, Kim EK, Kwon JE, Lee JK, Lee D, Kim SY, Seo HB, Na HS, Jung K, Kwok SK, Lee CW, Park SH, Cho ML. Ssu72 attenuates autoimmune arthritis via targeting of STAT3 signaling and Th17 activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5506. [PMID: 28710354 PMCID: PMC5511296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) orchestrates the differentiation of several cell types, including interleukin-17 (IL-17)-releasing Th17 cells. Dysregulation of Th17 cells results in chronic inflammatory responses. Ssu72 is a C-terminal domain phosphatase required for transcriptional regulation. However, the mechanism by which Ssu72 affects STAT3 activation and Th17 cell differentiation is unclear. Here, we found that Ssu72 overexpression suppresses STAT3 activation and Th17 cell responses in vitro. A systemic infusion of Ssu72 attenuates experimental autoimmune arthritis by reducing STAT3 activity and the differentiation of Th17 cells. It also reduces joint destruction, serum immunoglobulin concentrations and osteoclastogenesis but increases the number of marginal zone B cells and B10 cells. These effects are associated with reduced p-STAT3 levels and the suppression of Th17 cell formation in vivo. Based on these data, Ssu72 is related to STAT3 activation and the inflammatory response; and Ssu72 overexpression in T-cell-mediated immunity has potential utility for the treatment of autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kwon
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Kwan Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - DoHyeong Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Se-Young Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Beom Seo
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Na
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Laboratory of Immune Network, Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,The Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
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Andersen M, Nagaev I, Meyer MK, Nagaeva O, Wikberg J, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Andersen G. Melanocortin 2, 3 and 4 Receptor Gene Expressions are Downregulated in CD8+T Cytotoxic Lymphocytes and CD19+B Lymphocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Responding to TNF-αInhibition. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:31-39. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Andersen
- Department of Rheumatology; North Denmark Regional Hospital; Hjørring Denmark
- Department of Health Science and Technology; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
| | - I. Nagaev
- Department of Clinical Microbiology; Division of Clinical Immunology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - M. K. Meyer
- Department of Health Science and Technology; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
- Centre of Clinical Science; North Denmark Regional Hospital; Hjørring Denmark
| | - O. Nagaeva
- Department of Clinical Microbiology; Division of Clinical Immunology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - J. Wikberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - L. Mincheva-Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology; Division of Clinical Immunology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - G. N. Andersen
- Department of Rheumatology; North Denmark Regional Hospital; Hjørring Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
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20
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G αq Regulates the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating Th1 Differentiation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:4639081. [PMID: 28197018 PMCID: PMC5288531 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4639081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gαq-containing G protein, an important member of Gq/11 class, is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian cells. Gαq has been found to play an important role in immune regulation and development of autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, how Gαq participates in the pathogenesis of RA is still not fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to find out whether Gαq controls RA via regulation of Th1 differentiation. We observed that the expression of Gαq was negatively correlated with the expression of signature Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) in RA patients, which suggests a negative role of Gαq in differentiation of Th1 cells. By using Gαq knockout (Gnaq-/-) mice, we demonstrated that loss of Gαq led to enhanced Th1 cell differentiation. Gαq negative regulated the differentiation of Th1 cell by modulating the expression of T-bet and the activity of STAT4. Furthermore, we detected the increased ratio of Th1 cells in Gnaq-/- bone marrow (BM) chimeras spontaneously developing inflammatory arthritis. In conclusion, results presented in the study demonstrate that loss of Gαq promotes the differentiation of Th1 cells and contributes to the pathogenesis of RA.
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21
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Zhang L, Zhu H, Li Y, Dai X, Zhou B, Li Q, Zuo X, Luo H. The role of IFI35 in lupus nephritis and related mechanisms. Mod Rheumatol 2017; 27:1010-1018. [PMID: 28064541 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2016.1270387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It's reported that multiple genes in the IFN-γ/STAT1 pathway were hypomethylated and associated with the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN). Our previous study using microarray analysis suggested that interferon induced 35-kDa protein (IFI35) was hypomethylated and increased in LN. However, the role of IFI35 in LN and related mechanism remains to be elucidate. METHODS The expressions of IFNγR, STAT1, IFI35 and MBD2 in the human kidneys tissues was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. The protein levels of IFI35 in the human kidney tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The methylation status of IFNγR, STAT1 and IFI35 were detected by methylation specific PCR. Cell proliferation assay was evaluated using cell counting kit 8; pcDNA-IFI35 (pcDNA-MBD2) or IFI35 RNAi (MBD2 RNAi) was used to upregulated or downregulated the expression of the IFI35 and MBD2. RESULTS The expressions of IFNγR, STAT1 and IFI35 in the LN kidneys were significantly higher than controls. IFI35 was expressed in mesangial cells, and positively correlated with the proliferation of mesangial cells. IFNγR, STAT1and IFI35 was hypomethylated and MBD2 was increased in LN kidneys. In vitro data confirmed those findings: after stimulating with the serum from LN patients, the proliferation of human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs) was increased. The expressions of the three members of IFNγ signal pathway were hypomethylated and upregulated. However, this effect was reversed by MBD2 knockdown. IFI35 promoted the proliferation of HRMCs and was regulated by MBD2. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that IFI35 enhances the proliferation of mesangial cells and was regulated by MBD2 in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhang
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Zhu
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yisha Li
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Dai
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhou
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | - Quanzhen Li
- b Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zuo
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- a Department of Rheumatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , People's Republic of China
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22
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Teng YTA. Protective and Destructive Immunity in the Periodontium: Part 2—T-cell-mediated Immunity in the Periodontium. J Dent Res 2016; 85:209-19. [PMID: 16498066 DOI: 10.1177/154405910608500302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the results of recent research in the field and Part 1 of this article (in this issue), the present paper will discuss the protective and destructive aspects of the T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity associated with the bacterial virulent factors or antigenic determinants during periodontal pathogenesis. Attention will be focused on: (i) osteoimmunology and periodontal disease; (ii) some molecular techniques developed and applied to identify critical microbial virulence factors or antigens associated with host immunity (with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis as the model species); and (iii) summarizing the identified virulence factors/antigens associated with periodontal immunity. Thus, further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the host’s T-cell-mediated immune responses and the critical microbial antigens related to disease pathogenesis will facilitate the development of novel therapeutics or protocols for future periodontal treatments. Abbreviations used in the paper are as follows: A. actinomycetemcomitans ( Aa), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans; Ab, antibody; DC, dendritic cells; mAb, monoclonal antibody; pAb, polyclonal antibody; OC, osteoclast; PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; P. gingivalis ( Pg), Porphyromonas gingivalis; RANK, receptor activator of NF-κB; RANKL, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand; OPG, osteoprotegerin; TCR, T-cell-receptors; TLR, Toll-like receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T A Teng
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Immunity, Eastman Department of Dentistry, Eastman Dental Center, Box-683, 625 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
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Oda H, Mori A, Shono S, Onozawa E, Sako T. The effect of 1 year of trilostane treatment on peripheral lymphocyte subsets in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:851-4. [PMID: 26782012 PMCID: PMC4905842 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the changes in lymphocyte subsets during the trilostane
medication of Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) dogs. The cortisol level and
lymphocyte subsets of eight dogs with PDH were monitored 0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after
the initiation of trilostane treatment. White blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes,
CD3+ (T lymphocyte), CD4+ (helper T lymphocyte), CD8+
(cytotoxic T lymphocyte) and CD21+ (B lymphocyte) cells were measured. Although
the post-ACTH stimulation test cortisol level was significantly lower during trilostane
treatment, changes in the CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and
CD21+ counts were not observed. Meanwhile, significant decrease was observed
in WBC counts during trilostane treatment. These indicate that long-term trilostane
treatment has little effect on the lymphocyte subsets in PDH dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Oda
- School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
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Wang J, Zhao Q, Wang G, Yang C, Xu Y, Li Y, Yang P. Circulating levels of Th1 and Th2 chemokines in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Cytokine 2016; 81:10-4. [PMID: 26827189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although chemokines are critical elements for the selective attraction and activation of various leukocyte subsets in the inflammatory process, there are few findings concerning T helper (Th) 1 or Th2 chemokines in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study was designed to determine whether serum levels of chemokines that are preferentially chemotactic for Th1 (IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10, IP-10/CXCL10) and Th2 (thymus and activation regulated chemokine, TARC/CCL17) and (macrophage derived chemokine, MDC/CCL22) cells were elevated and whether they correlated with the clinical features in patients with AS. METHODS Forty-two patients with axial AS and 25 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. Serum levels of chemokines (IP-10, TARC and MDC) and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-4) were examined using ELISA. The disease activity was evaluated by Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). Serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. RESULTS Serum chemokine levels of IP-10, TARC and MDC were significantly higher in patients with AS than those in healthy controls. Serum cytokine levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α were also significantly increased, but the levels of IL-4 were not. Furthermore, IP-10 levels in AS patients correlated with ESP, CRP and ASDAS, while the levels of TARC and MDC did not correlate with these clinic indexes. Correlation analysis between the levels of chemokines and cytokines revealed a positive correlation between IP-10 and TNF-α. The levels of both Th1 and Th2 chemokines decreased under blockade of TNF-α. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that both a Th1 chemoattractant IP-10 and Th2 chemoattractants, TARC and MDC, cooperatively play a role in the development of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoya Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshu Yang
- Department of 1st Cancer Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.
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Effects of Antitumor Necrosis Factor Therapy on Osteoprotegerin, Neopterin, and sRANKL Concentrations in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:276969. [PMID: 26576067 PMCID: PMC4631883 DOI: 10.1155/2015/276969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by joint erosions, progressive focal bone loss, and chronic inflammation. Methods. 20 female patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis were treated with anti-TNF-antibody adalimumab in addition to concomitant antirheumatic therapies. Patients were assessed for overall disease activity using the DAS28 score, and neopterin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations as well as osteoprotegerin (OPG) and soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (sRANKL) concentrations were determined before therapy and at week 12. Neopterin as well as OPG and sRANKL were determined by commercial ELISAs. Results. Before anti-TNF therapy patients presented with high disease activity and elevated concentrations of circulating inflammatory markers. OPG concentrations correlated with neopterin (rs = 0.494, p = 0.027), but not with DAS28. OPG concentrations and disease activity scores declined during anti-TNF-treatment (both p < 0.02). Patients who achieved remission (n = 7) or showed a good response according to EULAR criteria (n = 13) presented with initially higher baseline OPG levels, which subsequently decreased significantly during treatment (p = 0.018 for remission, p = 0.011 for good response). Conclusions. Adalimumab therapy was effective in modifying disease activity and reducing proinflammatory and bone remodelling cascades.
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Nakamura K, Matsuoka H, Nakashima S, Kanda T, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Akiyama H. Oral administration of apple condensed tannins delays rheumatoid arthritis development in mice via downregulation of T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1406-10. [PMID: 25917233 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Apples are known to contain high concentrations of phenolic compounds such as condensed tannins. Consumption of condensed tannins has been reported to reduce the risk of many types of chronic diseases including allergies. However, their therapeutic effectiveness and potential in treating autoimmune disease remain controversial. Here, the effect of oral administration of apple condensed tannins (ACT) prepared from apples (Malus pumila cv. Fuji) on bovine type II collagen (CII)-induced arthritis in DBA1/J mice, a well-established murine model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA), was evaluated. As compared to the control (without ACT administration) group, RA development was delayed and a significant reduction in the RA clinical score was observed in the ACT-administered group. Using cultured splenocytes isolated from CII-immunized mice, ACT-administration was shown to decrease the CII-induced increases in IL-17 expression and production in vitro. We propose that downregulation of T helper (Th) 17 cells is responsible for the ACT-induced RA suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Nakamura
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Matsuoka
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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CXCL9 and CXCL10 gene polymorphisms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2015; 35:1319-23. [PMID: 25702175 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-015-3234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines (CXCL) and their receptors play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to examine the associations between polymorphisms in the CXCL9 (rs3733236 G>A) and CXCL10 (rs8878 A>G) genes and RA. We examined 422 RA patients and 338 subjects as a control group. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CXCL9 (rs3733236 G>A) and CXCL10 (rs8878 A>G) genes were genotyped using TaqMan genotyping assays from Life Technologies Genomic. There were no significant differences in distribution of CXCL9 genotypes and alleles between RA patients and control group. Among RA patients, the increased frequency of CXCL10 (rs8878) G allele carriers was detected AG+GG vs AA (p = 0.034; OR 1.49, 95 % CI 1.03-2.13). There were no significant associations of CXCL9 genotypes with age of disease diagnosis rheumatoid factor, erosive disease, and extra-articular manifestations. In case of CXCL10 genotypes, there was the increased frequency of extra-articular manifestations in GG genotype carriers GG vs AA+AG (p = 0.027; OR 1.82, 95 % CI 1.09-3.03). In the multivariate regression analysis, the CXCL10 GG genotype was the independent factor associated with increased probability of extra-articular manifestations development (p = 0.034; OR 1.75, 95 % CI 1.04-3.03). The results of this study suggest the association between CXCL10 gene polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Shan Y, Qi C, Zhao J, Liu Y, Gao H, Zhao D, Ding F, Wang J, Jiang Y. Higher frequency of peripheral blood follicular regulatory T cells in patients with new onset ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:154-61. [PMID: 25345823 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Shan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Changlin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Jixue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Ding Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Fupeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research; Ministry of Education; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou China
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Wang C, Liao Q, Hu Y, Zhong DA. T lymphocyte subset imbalances in patients contribute to ankylosing spondylitis. Exp Ther Med 2014; 9:250-256. [PMID: 25452811 PMCID: PMC4247318 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease, which is characterized by inflammation of the spine and the sacroiliac joints. To date, the disease etiology remains unclear. In the present study, the correlation of T lymphocyte subset changes with the progression of ankylosing spondylitis was investigated. A total of 55 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (22 severe and 23 mild cases) and 20 healthy individuals were selected. Firstly, the punctured cells in the lesions and the serum were collected, and the lymphocytes and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prepared. Secondly, quantitative PCR, ELISA and flow cytometry analyses were carried out to detect the levels of a series of immunoglobulins, complements, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory cells and cytokines. The expression levels of α-globulin, γ-globulin, immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, IgM, serum complement C3, and complement C4 were found to be significantly increased in ankylosing spondylitis patients. In addition, the percentage of Th1 and Th17 cells was found to be significantly higher in the ankylosing spondylitis groups (mild and severe) compared with the healthy individuals. As a result, the Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios were significantly higher in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. In addition, T lymphocyte subset ratio imbalances contributed to an increased expression of immune mediators, including interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17A. The mRNA and protein expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A were found to be higher in the ankylosing spondylitis groups compared with the control group. The present study provided further evidence on the function and underlying mechanism of T lymphocyte subsets, which may be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiande Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - DA Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Wu S, Zhao H, Luo H, Xiao X, Zhang H, Li T, Zuo X. GTS-21, an α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, modulates Th1 differentiation in CD4 + T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:557-562. [PMID: 25009619 PMCID: PMC4079428 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
GTS-21 (also known as DMBX-anabaseine), a selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) agonist, has previously been found to inhibit the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an autoimmune disease, where an abnormal immune system plays a critical role in the occurrence and development of synovium inflammation and bone damage. However, prior to this study, the immunological mechanism by which GTS-21 protects against RA had not been elucidated. In the present study, the effects of GTS-21 on T helper 1 (Th1) cells, which have an important role in the inflammation associated with RA, were investigated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells were separated from patients with RA, and the effects of GTS-21 on PBMCs stimulated with anti-CD3/-CD28 antibodies and CD4+ T cells were investigated in the context of Th1-cell differentiation. ELISA was used to analyze interferon (IFN)-γ expression and flow cytometric analysis was used to detect the percentage of IFN-γ+ CD3+CD8− T cells. In addition, western blotting was employed to detect the levels of the T-box transcription factor TBX21, which is a Th1 cell-specific transcription factor. The present study showed that GTS-21 reduced IFN-γ production in PBMCs from patients with RA. Under conditions of Th1-cell differentiation, GTS-21 reduced the percentage of IFNγ+CD3+CD8− T cells and IFN-γ production in the culture supernatant and also inhibited the expression of the Th1 cell-specific transcription factor TBX21. The effects of GTS-21 were blocked by the α7nAchR antagonist α-bungarotoxin, which increased the expression of IFN-γ and TBX21. This study demonstrated that GTS-21 is able to inhibit RA Th1-cell differentiation through activation of the α7nAchR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Gras C, Eiz-Vesper B, Jaimes Y, Immenschuh S, Jacobs R, Witte T, Blasczyk R, Figueiredo C. Secreted Semaphorin 5A Activates Immune Effector Cells and Is a Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:1461-71. [DOI: 10.1002/art.38425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yarua Jaimes
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, and Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Leibniz Institute; Berlin Germany
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Toyoda Y, Tabata S, Kishi J, Kuramoto T, Mitsuhashi A, Saijo A, Kawano H, Goto H, Aono Y, Hanibuchi M, Horikawa H, Nakajima T, Furukawa T, Sone S, Akiyama SI, Nishioka Y. Thymidine phosphorylase regulates the expression of CXCL10 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:560-8. [PMID: 24574215 DOI: 10.1002/art.38263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) is induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and other cytokines that have been reported to be major inflammation mediators in RA. We previously demonstrated that TP plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the role of TP in the pathogenesis of RA is similar to its role in tumors. METHODS In FLS obtained from 2 patients with RA, the expression of TP, interferon-γ (IFNγ)-inducible protein 10 (CXCL10), and other cytokines was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Microarray analysis was performed using FLS transfected with TYMP complementary DNA and treated with a TP inhibitor. RESULTS The expression of TP in FLS was up-regulated by TNFα, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-17, IFNγ, and lipopolysaccharide. Microarray analysis of FLS overexpressing TP identified CXCL10 as a thymidine phosphorylase-related gene. The expression of CXCL10 was induced by TNFα, and this induction was suppressed by TYMP small interfering RNA and TP inhibitor. Furthermore, the combination of TNFα and IFNγ synergistically augmented the expression of TP and CXCL10. TP-induced CXCL10 expression was suppressed by the antioxidant EUK-8. In the synovial tissue of patients with RA, TP levels were significantly correlated with CXCL10 expression. CONCLUSION The combination of TNFα and IFNγ strongly induced the expression of thymidine phosphorylase in RA FLS. The induction of thymidine phosphorylase enhanced the expression of CXCL10, which may contribute to the Th1 phenotype and bone destruction observed in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Toyoda
- Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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Attenuation of collagen induced arthritis via suppression on Th17 response by activating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway with nicotine. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 735:97-104. [PMID: 24755145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway can inhibit the inflammation of collagen induced arthritis (CIA), a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the immunologic mechanisms that provide a therapeutic effect against the auto-inflammatory disease are not yet elucidated. The present study explores the effect of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway on CD4+ T cell responses in CIA. Forty DBA/1 mice were divided into 4 groups: a control group, a CIA group, a vagotomy group, and a nicotine group. The degree of arthritis was measured by arthritis score and hematoxylin and eosin. ELISA was used to detect the serum concentration of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17A. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cytokines and transcription factors (TFs) (the TFs of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells are T-bet, RORγτ and GATA3 respectively) in the spleen. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze RORγτ expression in the joint synovium. Arthritis in the nicotine group was significantly lightened compared with that in the CIA group and in the vagotomy group. Nicotine attenuated Th17 lineage by reducing IL-17A production and RORγτ expression. The expressions of IL-4 and GATA3 were increased in the same setting. However, the expressions of IFN-γ and T-bet had no difference between the nicotine and the CIA group. Nicotine may induce a shift to the Th2 lineage and improve the Th1/Th2 imbalance. Activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway with nicotine can inhibit Th17 cell responses and may improve the Th1/Th2 imbalance in CIA, providing a new justification for its application in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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34
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Simvastatin inhibits cytokines in a dose response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Inflamm Res 2014; 63:309-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-013-0702-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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35
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Xiao F, Zhang HY, Liu YJ, Zhao D, Shan YX, Jiang YF. Higher frequency of peripheral blood interleukin 21 positive follicular helper T cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:2029-37. [PMID: 24187103 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.130125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of follicular Th (TFH) cells remains unclear in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Our study examined the frequency of different subsets of circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells in patients with AS before and after receiving therapy. METHODS Percentages of peripheral blood inducible costimulator (ICOS)+, programmed death 1 (PD-1)+, and interleukin 21 (IL-21)+ CXCR5+CD4+ T cells in 26 patients with AS and 12 healthy controls (HC) were examined by flow cytometry, and the disease activity of individual patients was measured by Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). The concentrations of serum IL-21, IgG, IgA, IgM, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were examined and the values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured. The potential association among these measures was analyzed. RESULTS In comparison with that in HC, significantly increased percentages of CXCR5+CD4+, CXCR5+CD4+PD-1+, and CXCR5+CD4+IL-21+, but not CXCR5+CD4+ICOS+ and PD-1+ICOS+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells, and elevated concentrations of serum IL-21 were detected in patients with AS (p = 0.001, p = 0.012, p < 0.001, p = 0.233, p = 0.216, p < 0.001, respectively). Treatment with meloxicam, thalidomide, and etanercept for 1 month significantly reduced percentages of IL-21+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells and concentrations of serum IL-21 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively), accompanied by significantly minimized disease activity in drug responders, but not in the drug nonresponders. Further, percentages of IL-21+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells were positively correlated with BASDAI in patients (r = 0.6, p = 0.0012) and in the drug-responders 1 month after treatment (r = 0.68, p = 0.005), while the percentages of PD-1+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells were negatively correlated with BASDAI (r = -0.58, p = 0.0018). CONCLUSION These data suggest that IL-21+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells may be associated with development of AS and that the frequency of IL-21+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells may be a biomarker for evaluation of disease activity and drug responses in patients with AS, particularly in drug-responding patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- From the Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, the Second Part of First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130032, China
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Abstract
The role of T cell subpopulations in human disease is in a transition phase due to continuous discovery of new subsets of T cell, one of which is Th17, characterized by the production of signature cytokine IL-17. In the last couple of years, many articles are coming out on the role of Th17 and its signature cytokine IL-17 in different autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), SLE and multiple sclerosis. Psoriasis and PsA are immune-mediated diseases, affecting the skin and joints, respectively. Initially, it was thought that psoriasis and PsA were Th1-mediated diseases; however, studies in knockout animal models (IL-17 knockout mice) as well as human experimental data indicate that Th17 and its signature cytokine IL-17 have a critical role in the pathogenesis of psoriatic disease. Th17 cells have been identified from the dermal extracts of psoriatic lesions. Subsequently, our research group has substantiated this observation that Th17 cells are enriched in the papillary dermis of psoriatic plaques and in freshly isolated effector T lymphocytes from the synovial fluid of PsA patients, and we have reported that the majority of these CD4 + IL-17+ T cells are of memory phenotype (CD4RO(+)CD45RA(-)CD11a(+)). Recent reports also suggest that the synovial tissue in psoriatic arthritis is enriched with IL-17R, and its most well recognized receptor IL-17RA is functionally active in psoriatic arthritis. In this review article, we have discussed the role of IL-17 in psoriatic disease and have narrated about the novel IL17/IL-17R antibodies currently in preparation for its therapeutic uses in autoimmune diseases.
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Park ES, Uchida K, Nakayama H. Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-Related Cytokine and Chemokine Receptor mRNA and Protein Expression in the Brain Tissues, T Cells, and Macrophages of Dogs With Necrotizing and Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis. Vet Pathol 2013; 50:1127-34. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985813488957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E.-S. Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Nakayama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Rodeghero R, Cao Y, Olalekan SA, Iwakua Y, Glant TT, Finnegan A. Location of CD4+ T cell priming regulates the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells and their contribution to arthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:5423-35. [PMID: 23630349 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Th cytokines IFN-γ and IL-17 are linked to the development of autoimmune disease. In models of rheumatoid arthritis, that is, proteoglycan (PG)-induced arthritis, IFN-γ is required, whereas in collagen-induced arthritis, IL-17 is necessary for development of arthritis. In this study we show that the route of immunization determines the requirement for either IFN-γ or IL-17 in arthritis. Intraperitoneal immunization with PG induces a CD4(+) T cell IFN-γ response with little IL-17 in the spleen and peripheral lymph nodes. However, s.c. immunization induces both an IFN-γ and an IL-17 CD4(+) T cell response in spleen and lymph nodes. The failure to induce a CD4(+) T cell IL-17 response after i.p. immunization is associated with T cell priming, as naive T cells activated in vitro were fully capable of producing IL-17. Moreover, PG-induced arthritis is converted from an IFN-γ to an IL-17-mediated disease by altering the route of immunization from i.p. to s.c. The histological appearance of joint inflammation (cellular inflammation and bone erosion) is similar in the i.p. versus s.c. immunized mice despite the presence of CD4(+) T cells producing IL-17 in joint tissues only after s.c. immunization. These data indicate a critical role for the site of initial T cell priming and the Th cytokines required for susceptibility to arthritis. Our findings suggest that T cell activation at different anatomical sites in rheumatoid arthritis patients may skew the T cells toward production of either IFN-γ or IL-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Rodeghero
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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The Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula Sheng-Fei-Yu-Chuan-Tang Suppresses Th2 Responses and Increases IFN γ in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Induced Chronic Asthmatic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:984121. [PMID: 23573164 PMCID: PMC3612458 DOI: 10.1155/2013/984121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sheng-Fei-Yu-Chuan-Tang (SFYCT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula consisting of 13 medicinal plants, has been used in the treatment of asthma. This study demonstrated the immunoregulatory effect of SFYCT on chronic allergic asthma using the Dermatophagoides-pteronyssinus- (Der p-) challenged chronic asthmatic murine model. SFYCT decreased the airway hyperresponseness (AHR), pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, and airway remodeling in Der p mice. SFYCT treatment decreased Der p-induced total IgE and Der-p-specific IgG1 but not IgG2a/2b Ab titer in serum of Der p mice. SFYCT also decreased Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, but increased IFN-γ and IL-12 in the BALF of Der p mice. TGF-β1 and collagen production in the lung of mice were decreased by SFYCT. The mRNA expression of chemokine including Eotaxin, RANTES, and MCP-1 in the lung of Der p mice was decreased by SFYCT. In conclusion, the suppressed Der-p-induced airway inflammation, remodeling, and hyperresponseness in chronic asthma murine model are related to SFYCT inhibits Th2 responses, decreases chemokine expression and promotes IFN-γ and IL-12 production. SFYCT could show Der-p-induced Th2 responses to Th1 responses by increasing IFN-γ which is merit for clinical application on asthma patients.
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The interaction between CXCL10 and cytokines in chronic inflammatory arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2013; 12:554-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vounotrypidis P, Kouklakis G, Anagnostopoulos K, Zezos P, Polychronidis A, Maltezos E, Efremidou E, Pitiakoudis M, Lyratzopoulos N. Interleukin-1 associations in inflammatory bowel disease and the enteropathic seronegative spondylarthritis. AUTOIMMUNITY HIGHLIGHTS 2013; 4:87-94. [PMID: 26000147 PMCID: PMC4389024 DOI: 10.1007/s13317-013-0049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate any associations of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 in treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the enteropathic seronegative spondylarthritis (eSpA). Methods Thirty-four patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), 26 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 14 patients with SpA participated in the study. Valid clinical indexes, CRP values and the endoscopic and histologic examination were used for the determination of disease activity. IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) were measured by ELISA. Nonparametric tests were used for continuous and categorical data. Results Enteropathic SpA diagnosed in 29.4 % CD and 30.8 % UC patients. Active disease had 58.8 % CD (aCD), 76.9 % UC and 50 % SpA patients. Active and inactive CD (iCD) significantly differ on IL-1α levels (11.2 vs. 3.9 pg/ml; p = 0.034). Active and inactive UC significantly differ on IL-1β (3.7 vs. 2.3 pg/ml; p = 0.054) and IL-1Ra levels (15.9 vs. 12.7 pg/ml; p = 0.023). Active and inactive SpA (iSpA) significantly differ on IL-1Ra (16.9 vs. 14.8 pg/ml; p = 0.033) and marginally on IL-1α levels (20 vs. 3.9 pg/ml; p = 0.06). Patients with aCD/ieSpA exhibited significant differences on IL-1α (p = 0.022) compared to those with iCD/ieSpA. Conclusions IL-1α is associated with CD activity, while IL-1β and IL-1Ra are associated with UC activity in treated patients with IBD. Prominent cytokine in SpAs seems to be IL-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periklis Vounotrypidis
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgios Kouklakis
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Petros Zezos
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Alexandros Polychronidis
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Efstratios Maltezos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eleni Efremidou
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Michael Pitiakoudis
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Lyratzopoulos
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Wang YY, Lu H, Zhao Z, Huang F. The efficacy and safety of Jitongning Capsule () in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:98-103. [PMID: 23371457 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To confirm the efficacy and safety of Jitongning Capsule in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS A total of 120 AS patients with early-intermediate were randomly and equally assigned to Jitongning Capsule group and sulfasalazine group. Jitongning Capsule was orally taken 4.5 g per day and sulfasalazine was orally taken 2 g daily for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving the Assessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis 20 (ASAS 20), secondary end points included Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), patient's global assessment by VAS rating, spinal pain, general pain and night pain, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of AS patients were measured. RESULTS A total of 111 patients completed the study. There were 58 patients in Jitongning group and 53 patients in sulfasalazine group. Both drugs showed mild and occasional side effects. After treated by Jitongning Capsule and sulfasalazine, the proportion of ASAS20 responders at 12 month was 72.41% (42/58) and 67.92% (36/53) respectively. Both Jitongning Capsule and sulfasalazine treatment induced significant decrease in the proportion of CD4(+)T cell and CD8(+)T cell expressing TNF-α and IFN-γ at 12-month of treatment compared with baseline values (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Jitongning Capsule are effective in a setting close to real-life medical care with a sustained improvement in signs and symptoms of AS, and reduce cytokine levels in PBMC. It showed comparable effects to sulfasalazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Hirotsu C, Rydlewski M, Araújo MS, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Sleep loss and cytokines levels in an experimental model of psoriasis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51183. [PMID: 23226485 PMCID: PMC3511390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 80% of people develop a cutaneous condition closely connected to their exposure to stressful life events. Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disorder with multifactorial etiology, including genetic background, environmental factors, and immune system disturbances with a strong cytokine component. Moreover, psoriasis is variably associated with sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation. This study evaluated the influence of sleep loss in the context of an animal model of psoriasis by measuring cytokine and stress-related hormone levels. Male adult Balb/C mice with or without psoriasis were subjected to 48 h of selective paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD). Sleep deprivation potentiated the activities of kallikrein-5 and kallikrein-7 in the skin of psoriatic groups. Also, mice with psoriasis had significant increases in specific pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12) and decreases in the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) after PSD, which were normalized after 48 h of sleep rebound. Linear regression showed that IL-2, IL-6 and IL-12 levels predicted 66% of corticosterone levels, which were selectively increased in psoriasis mice subject to PSD. Kallikrein-5 was also correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, explaining 58% of IL-6 and IL-12 variability. These data suggest that sleep deprivation plays an important role in the exacerbation of psoriasis through modulation of the immune system in the epidermal barrier. Thus, sleep loss should be considered a risk factor for the development of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Hirotsu
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rydlewski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Silva Araújo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Lories RJ, de Vlam K. Is psoriatic arthritis a result of abnormalities in acquired or innate immunity? Curr Rheumatol Rep 2012; 14:375-82. [PMID: 22527951 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-012-0257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis is a common chronic inflammatory joint disease in which both inflammation and tissue damage contribute to the patient's outcome. Abnormal activation of the innate and the adaptive immune system contributes to the chronic disease process. Novel insights into these immune pathways are further corroborated by genetic evidence. In this review, we compare the current paradigm of psoriasis to mechanisms that likely play a role in psoriatic arthritis and provide an overview of the role of immune mechanisms in the different features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik J Lories
- Laboratory for Skeletal Development and Joint Disorders, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 300 Leuven, Belgium.
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Pathophysiology and role of the gastrointestinal system in spondyloarthritides. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2012; 38:569-82. [PMID: 23083756 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a well-known extra-articular manifestation in spondyloarthritis (SpA); about 6.5% of patients with ankylosing spondylitis develop IBD during the course of the disease. The pathogenesis of both SpA and IBD is considered to be the result of a complex interplay between the host (genetic predisposition), the immune system and environmental factors, notably microorganisms, leading to a disturbed immune system and chronic inflammation. Over the past decade, the role of tumor necrosis factor inhibition (infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab) in improving signs and symptoms and overall quality of life has been well documented in various forms of SpA. Future research will clarify the role of other potential targets.
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Karonitsch T, von Dalwigk K, Steiner CW, Blüml S, Steiner G, Kiener HP, Smolen JS, Aringer M. Interferon signals and monocytic sensitization of the interferon-γ signaling pathway in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:400-8. [PMID: 21953607 DOI: 10.1002/art.33347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both type I interferons (IFNα and IFNβ) and type II IFN (IFNγ) signal via pSTAT-1. Immunohistochemistry and the gene expression signatures of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue suggest an activated IFN/STAT-1 signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to determine the systemic activity of the IFN/STAT-1 signaling pathway in the peripheral blood cells of patients with RA. METHODS Fluorocytometry or quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of STAT-1, pSTAT-1, and IFN-inducible genes (monokine induced by interferon-γ [MIG], interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 [IP-10], and 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase [OAS]) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and purified CD14+ peripheral blood monocytes of patients with RA and healthy control subjects. PBMCs were also incubated for 48 hours with IFNs and several other cytokines to investigate influences on STAT-1 levels. To examine the significance of STAT-1 activation in RA monocytes after stimulation with IFNγ, the expression of pSTAT-1 and of the IFNγ-inducible chemokine MIG was measured using fluorocytometry. RESULTS Levels of STAT-1 were significantly increased in peripheral lymphocytes and monocytes from patients with RA compared with those from healthy control subjects. STAT-1 levels correlated well with RA disease activity, as measured by the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints and the Clinical Disease Activity Index. Furthermore, STAT-1 messenger RNA expression in RA CD14+ monocytes correlated with the expression of other IFN-target genes, such as IP-10, OAS, or MIG. In RA PBMCs, STAT-1 expression was increased not only by IFNs but also by tumor necrosis factor. RA monocytes demonstrated a considerably higher increase in pSTAT-1 and MIG levels upon IFNγ stimulation when compared with monocytes from control subjects, indicating that RA monocytes are more sensitive to IFNγ stimulation. CONCLUSION In addition to supporting the role of IFNs in systemic proinflammatory activity, the results of this study further suggest preactivation of the IFNγ/STAT-1 signaling pathway, especially in RA monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Karonitsch
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Grose RH, Millard DJ, Mavrangelos C, Barry SC, Zola H, Nicholson IC, Cham WT, Boros CA, Krumbiegel D. Comparison of blood and synovial fluid th17 and novel peptidase inhibitor 16 Treg cell subsets in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2012; 39:2021-31. [PMID: 22896021 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early recognition and treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) can prevent joint damage and minimize side effects of medication. The balance between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory mechanisms is known to be important in JIA, and we therefore investigated T cell subsets including Th cells, autoaggressive Th17 cells, and regulatory T cells (Treg), including a novel Treg subset in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of patients with JIA. METHODS Fifty children with JIA were enrolled in our study. Frequency, phenotype, and function of T lymphocytes in PB and SF were characterized using flow cytometry. Migration capabilities of PB and SF cells were compared. RESULTS Synovial T cells showed different phenotype and function compared with PB T cells, with an increased proportion of memory T cells, expression of CCR4, CCR5, CXCR3, interleukin 23R, and an increased ratio of Th17 to Treg. Although Treg were increased in SF compared with the PB, we found a significant decrease in the numbers of peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16)+ Treg in active joints compared with peripheral blood. Coexpression of CCR4 and CCR6 was reduced on PI16+ Treg in PB and SF of patients with JIA compared with healthy children, however the ability of these cells to migrate toward their ligands was unaffected. CONCLUSION This is a comprehensive characterization of novel PI16+ Treg and Th17 cells in matched blood and synovial fluid samples of patients with JIA. Despite an increased number of Treg within the inflamed joint, lower numbers of PI16+ Treg but high numbers of Th17 cells might contribute to the inability to control disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall H Grose
- Women's and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), North Adelaide, and the Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Abstract
That gut and joint inflammation are linked in spondyloarthritis (SpA) has been recognized for almost three decades. Intriguingly, microscopic gut inflammation, which occurs frequently in patients with SpA, is an important risk factor for clinically overt Crohn's disease and ankylosing spondylitis. This Review describes current insights into the underlying mechanisms that lead to chronic gut inflammation in patients with SpA. We propose that the development of chronic bowel inflammation in these individuals occurs through a transition phase, in which inflammation evolves from an acute into a chronic state. Our transition model implies that different cell types are involved at different stages during disease progression, with stromal cells having an important role in chronicity. In addition, deficient regulatory feedback mechanisms or genetically determined alterations in antigen presentation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy or cytokine signaling might also favor a transition from self-limiting acute inflammation to chronic inflammation. We anticipate that this transition phase might be an important window for therapeutic intervention.
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FENG YUAN, DING JIN, FAN CHUNMEI, ZHU PING. Interferon-γ Contributes to HLA-B27-associated Unfolded Protein Response in Spondyloarthropathies. J Rheumatol 2012; 39:574-82. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.101257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective.HLA-B27 positivity strongly influences the susceptibility to and phenotype of spondyloarthropathies (SpA). This study was designed to screen factors that activate the promoter of HLA-B27 in U937 cells, and to assess whether these promoter-activating factors induce the unfolded protein response (UPR) in HLA-B27-expressing cells.Methods.Cytometric Bead Array, flow cytometry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of cytokines and UPR-associated proteins in peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with SpA. The HLA-B27 promotor transfectant was incubated separately with cytokines and Toll-like receptor ligands. After interferon-γ (IFN-γ) stimulation, expressions of GRP78, CHOP, and XBP-1 were tested in HLA-B27-expressing U937 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). (Clinical trial registration no. ChiCTR-OCC-11001565)Results.Expressions of GRP78, CHOP, and XBP-1 in monocytes/macrophages of SpA peripheral blood and synovial fluid were higher than those in healthy controls and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) (p < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IFN-α, IFN-ß, and IFN-γ were found to have activated the HLA-B27 promoter in the U937 cell line (p < 0.05). Following stimulation with IFN-γ, the expressions of GRP78, CHOP and XBP-1 in HLA-B27-transfected U937 cells and PBMC of HLA-B27-positive AS patients were more intense than those in A2-U937 cells, HLA-B27-negative AS patients, or healthy controls (p < 0.05).Conclusion.Expressions of GRP78, CHOP, and XBP-1 were higher in monocytes/macrophages of patients with SpA than those in both OA patients and healthy controls, suggesting that UPR may participate in the pathogenesis of SpA. TNF-α and IFN-α, IFN-ß, and IFN-γ significantly activated HLA-B27 promoter in the U937 cell line, and IFN-γ, the strongest activating factor, may induce the UPR in HLA-B27-expressing cells.
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Pollock RA, Pellett FJ, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Expression patterns of natural killer receptor genes in inflamed joints and peripheral blood of patients with psoriatic arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 78:345-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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