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Pall B, Sun CK. Evaluation of corneal staining with an antihistamine-releasing contact lens. Clin Exp Optom 2022; 106:380-385. [PMID: 35263558 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2048174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Practitioners can be reassured that this antihistamine-releasing contact lens has no additional effect on corneal epithelial integrity. BACKGROUND To evaluate the effect of an antihistamine-releasing soft contact lens on corneal epithelium integrity when worn on a daily disposable modality for 12 weeks. METHODS Two clinical trials using the same randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-group design enrolled healthy contact lens wearers. Participants wore either etafilcon A with 0.019 mg ketotifen (test; n = 374) or etafilcon A with no added drug (placebo; n = 186). Assessments were conducted at baseline, 1 week and 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Slit-lamp evaluations of corneal staining (using sodium fluorescein) in all regions of the corneas of both eyes were graded on a 0-4 scale. Data from all randomised participants were analysed. RESULTS Corneal staining was infrequent and, where present, was mild (Grade 2) or trace (Grade 1). There were no Grade 3 or 4 findings of corneal staining. The overall proportion of findings of Grade 0 corneal staining was 95.86% with the test lens and 95.88% with the placebo lens. The odds of no staining were not statistically different between the test and placebo lenses (Odds Ratio: 0.96, 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.76 to 1.20). There were no serious ocular adverse events or signs of ocular surface medicamentosa. CONCLUSION Both test and placebo lenses were well tolerated by subjects during the 3 months of wear. The antihistamine-releasing contact lens does not significantly impact corneal epithelial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Pall
- Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Chung-Kai Sun
- Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Bhandari A, Bansal A, Sinha N. Effect of aging on heat transfer, fluid flow and drug transport in anterior human eye: A computational study. J Control Release 2020; 328:286-303. [PMID: 32861760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There are a lot of geometrical and morphological changes that happen in the human eye with age. Primary open-angle glaucoma, which is caused by the increase in intraocular pressure inside the anterior chamber of the eye is also associated with the physiological aging of the eye. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the effects of aging on drug delivery in the human eye when applied topically. Consequently, a numerical model of topical drug delivery for an aging human eye has been developed using commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics in the current study. Three different age groups (young, middle and old) have been considered and the changes in geometrical and tissue properties of different domains of the eye with age have been included in the numerical model. The effect of aging on heat transfer, aqueous humor flow, intraocular pressure and drug concentration in different domains and orientations of the eye have been investigated. Additionally, an attempt has been made to predict the best class of anti-glaucomatic treatment in silico that should be preferred to treat primary open-angle glaucoma effectively. Results illustrate that there is a decrease in the average corneal temperature and an increase in the temperature deviation across the cornea with age. Further, there is a decrease in the aqueous humor flow magnitude in the anterior chamber of the eye and an increase in intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber of older age groups, which leads to primary open-angle glaucoma. The reduced aqueous humor flow leads to increased drug concentration in the anterior chamber as well as iris and reduced drug concentration in the trabecular mesh of the older age groups, thereby affecting the treatment efficacy. Additionally, our simulated results demonstrate that anti-glaucomatic treatments should be more focused on treating the trabecular mesh rather than the ciliary body of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Bhandari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Ankit Bansal
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247677, India
| | - Niraj Sinha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.
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Schnichels S, Hurst J, de Vries JW, Ullah S, Gruszka A, Kwak M, Löscher M, Dammeier S, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Spitzer MS, Herrmann A. Self-assembled DNA nanoparticles loaded with travoprost for glaucoma-treatment. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102260. [PMID: 32629041 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lipid DNA nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit an intrinsic affinity to the ocular surface and can be loaded by hybridization with fluorophore-DNA conjugates or with the anti-glaucoma drug travoprost by hybridizing an aptamer that binds the medication. In the travoprost-loaded NPs (Trav-NPs), the drug is bound by specific, non-covalent interactions, not requiring any chemical modification of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. Fluorescently labeled Trav-NPs show a long-lasting adherence to the eye, up to sixty minutes after eye drop instillation. Biosafety of the Trav-NPs was proved and in vivo. Ex vivo and in vivo quantification of travoprost via LC-MS revealed that Trav-NPs deliver at least twice the amount of the drug at every time-point investigated compared to the pristine drug. The data successfully show the applicability of a DNA-based drug delivery system in the field of ophthalmology for the treatment of a major retinal eye disease, i.e. glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Schnichels
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - José Hurst
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Willem de Vries
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sami Ullah
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Gruszka
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Marina Löscher
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sascha Dammeier
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Martin S Spitzer
- Clinic for Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Aachen, Germany.
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Willem de Vries J, Schnichels S, Hurst J, Strudel L, Gruszka A, Kwak M, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Spitzer MS, Herrmann A. DNA nanoparticles for ophthalmic drug delivery. Biomaterials 2018; 157:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kim DW, Lee SH, Ku SK, Lee JE, Cha HJ, Youn JK, Kwon HY, Park JH, Park EY, Cho SW, Han KH, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. The effects of PEP-1-FK506BP on dry eye disease in a rat model. BMB Rep 2015; 48:153-8. [PMID: 24998262 PMCID: PMC4453030 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.3.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As FK506 binding proteins (FK506BPs) are known to play an important role in the regulation of a variety of biological processes related to cell survival, this study was designed to examined the protective effects of FK506 binding protein 12 (FK506BP) on low humidity air flow induced dry eye in a rat model using transduced PEP-1-FK506BP. After the topical application of PEP-1-FK506BP, tear volumes were markedly increased and significant prevention of cornea damage was observed compared with dry eye rats. Further, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that PEP-1-FK506BP markedly prevented damage to the cornea, the bulbar conjunctiva, and the palpebral conjunctiva epithelial lining compared with dry eye rats. In addition, caspase-3 and PARP expression levels were found to be decreased. These results demonstrated that topical application of PEP-1-FK506BP significantly ameliorates dry eye injury in an animal model. Thus, we suggest that PEP-1-FK506BP can be developed as a new ophthalmic drop to treat dry eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- R&D center, Lumieye Genetics Co., Ltd., Seoul 135-280, Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jong Kyu Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Hyeok Yil Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
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van Rooij J, Wubbels RJ, de Kruijf WPJ. A New Spray Device to Deliver Topical Ocular Medication: Penetration of Fluorescein to the Anterior Segment. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2015; 31:531-5. [PMID: 26062091 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2015.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the penetration of fluorescein into the anterior ocular compartments after exposure of the cornea to a mist of aerosol droplets. METHODS This was an open-label proof-of-principle trial. Eighteen healthy volunteers were asked to participate. A conventional (50 μL) drop of fluorescein solution (20 mg/mL) was administered to the right eye; an ocular mist (10 μL) of the same solution was applied to the left eye. Autofluorescence (photons/s) was measured in the cornea, the anterior chamber (AC), and the lens before administration and at 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 min thereafter. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. For the vitreous cavity, measurements were performed at baseline and after 100 min. RESULTS All participants completed the study. AUC (mean±SD) for the cornea was (363±431)×10(4) photons after drop application and (154±265)×10(4) photons after the mist (P=0.005). For the AC, these values were (6.9±10.3)×10(4) and (2.9±5.4)×10(4) photons, respectively (P=0.14). Autofluorescence data obtained in the lens did not allow reliable AUC calculations. Autofluorescence in the vitreous at 100 min did not significantly exceed the level at baseline. CONCLUSION It was demonstrated that fluorescein applied to the ocular surface with the spray device enters the AC. The total amount of fluorescein molecules reaching the ocular surface by the 2 methods of administration, however, is not equivalent. Therefore, no definitive conclusions on relative bioavailability can be drawn from this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - René J Wubbels
- 2 Rotterdam Ophthalmic Institute , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Kim DW, Lee SH, Ku SK, Lee JE, Cha HJ, Youn JK, Kwon HY, Park JH, Park EY, Cho SW, Han KH, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. The effects of PEP-1-FK506BP on dry eye disease in a rat model. BMB Rep 2015. [PMID: 24998262 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.483.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As FK506 binding proteins (FK506BPs) are known to play an important role in the regulation of a variety of biological processes related to cell survival, this study was designed to examined the protective effects of FK506 binding protein 12 (FK506BP) on low humidity air flow induced dry eye in a rat model using transduced PEP-1-FK506BP. After the topical application of PEP-1-FK506BP, tear volumes were markedly increased and significant prevention of cornea damage was observed compared with dry eye rats. Further, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that PEP-1-FK506BP markedly prevented damage to the cornea, the bulbar conjunctiva, and the palpebral conjunctiva epithelial lining compared with dry eye rats. In addition, caspase-3 and PARP expression levels were found to be decreased. These results demonstrated that topical application of PEP-1-FK506BP significantly ameliorates dry eye injury in an animal model. Thus, we suggest that PEP-1-FK506BP can be developed as a new ophthalmic drop to treat dry eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- R&D center, Lumieye Genetics Co., Ltd., Seoul 135-280, Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jong Kyu Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Hyeok Yil Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
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Sahoo RK, Biswas N, Guha A, Sahoo N, Kuotsu K. Nonionic surfactant vesicles in ocular delivery: innovative approaches and perspectives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:263604. [PMID: 24995280 PMCID: PMC4065701 DOI: 10.1155/2014/263604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the recent advancement in the field of ocular therapy, drug delivery approaches have been elevated to a new concept in terms of nonionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs), that is, the ability to deliver the therapeutic agent to a patient in a staggered profile. However the major drawbacks of the conventional drug delivery system like lacking of permeability through ocular barrier and poor bioavailability of water soluble drugs have been overcome by the emergence of NSVs. The drug loaded NSVs (DNSVs) can be fabricated by simple and cost-effective techniques with improved physical stability and enhance bioavailability without blurring the vision. The increasing research interest surrounding this delivery system has widened the areas of pharmaceutics in particular with many more subdisciplines expected to coexist in the near future. This review gives a comprehensive emphasis on NSVs considerations, formulation approaches, physicochemical properties, fabrication techniques, and therapeutic significances of NSVs in the field of ocular delivery and also addresses the future development of modified NSVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Ku. Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nikhil Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arijit Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nityananda Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ketousetuo Kuotsu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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Novack GD. Drop size: an issue wrapped in a non-issue wrapped in an issue. Ocul Surf 2011; 9:185-8. [PMID: 21791193 DOI: 10.1016/s1542-0124(11)70029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Modelling ocular pharmacokinetics of fluorescein administered as lyophilisate or conventional eye drops. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 64:521-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-007-0457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hardarson SH, Sigurdsson HH, Níelsdóttir GE, Valgeirsson J, Loftsson T, Stefánsson E. Ocular Powder: Dry Topical Formulations of Timolol Are Well Tolerated in Rabbits. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2006; 22:340-6. [PMID: 17076628 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2006.22.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although eye drops are the most common form of ocular drugs, they have several limitations. Drug absorption into the eye is, in general, less than 5%, addition of preservatives is often necessary, and many drugs cannot be formulated as eye drops. Formulating ocular drugs as powder may solve these problems. The aim of this study was to investigate ocular irritation in rabbits following powder administration. METHODS Timolol maleate (TM) powder was administered to pigmented lop rabbits. Both pure TM powder and freeze-dried with PVP-polymer (2.4% of mass) were tested in 1.0- and 0.1-mg doses. Additionally, 4 rabbits received 0.1 mg of the pure powder 3 times a day for 8 d. Redness of the bulbar conjunctiva and the amount of discharge was rated from photographs (0-3 points, randomized and masked evaluation). The 8-d experiment additionally included examination with a slit lamp and examination of hematoxylin-eosin stained sections of eyes with light microscopy. RESULTS No serious or irreversible signs of irritation were noted. Doses of 1.0 mg were more irritating than 0.1-mg doses. There was no detectable difference in irritation between pure or freeze-dried powder. Slit-lamp examination, surface photographs and histology showed a negligible difference between drug and control eyes following the 8-d experiment. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that 0.1 mg of timolol powder does not irritate the eye and that testing topical timolol powder in humans is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sveinn Hákon Hardarson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Iceland, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
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