Some problems in the tritration of streptomycin

In vitro antibiotic removal and bacterial recovery from blood with an antibiotic removal device

The antibiotic removal device manufactured by Marion Laboratories (Kansas City., Mo.) is intended for treatment, before culture, of blood specimens from hospital patients being treated with antibiotics. Measurement of 13 antibiotics showed that the antibiotic removal device removed amikacin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cefazolin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, nafcillin, tetracycline, tobramycin, and vancomycin and reduced cefoxitin and ticarcillin to extremely low levels. Three combinations of antibiotics were similarly removed or reduced. Five species of anaerobic bacteria, one yeast species, and six species of facultative or aerobic bacteria were used to challenge the possibility that the antibiotic removal device would trap or inhibit microorganisms. All were recovered from the device in the same numbers as were inoculated.

Use of sodium polyanethol sulfonate to selectively inhibit aminoglycoside and polymyxin antibiotics in a rapid blood level antibiotic assay

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate inhibits aminoglycoside and polymyxin classes of antibiotics in direct proportion to its concentration. Aminoglycoside and polymyxin class antibiotics are selectively inactivated; penicillin, including the semisynthetic penicillins, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and vancomycin are not inhibited. By incorporating sodium polyanethol sulfonate directly into the test medium it is possible, in a 4-h antibiotic blood level assay, to selectively obviate the activity of the aminoglycosides and polymyxins to determine the concentration of other antibiotics present in the same serum sample.

Use of sodium polyanethol sulfonate in the preparation of 5 per cent sheep blood agar plates

An alternative method to defibrinating sheep blood for use in bacteriological media is described. The new procedure incorporates sodium polyanethol sulfonate in a concentration of 0.05% (vol/vol). In testing 117 bacterial and fungal isolates, no significant differences were found with respect to adequate growth, pigment production, hemolytic reactions, and other physical attributes. Further tests demonstrate that the sodium polyanethol sulfonate in sheep blood agar plates does not cause any aberrations in zone sizes around disks used in antibiotic susceptibility tests. Consequently, the method represents a suitable alternative to the use of defibrinated sheep blood in the preparation of bacteriological media.

Anticomplementary, anticoagulatory, and serum-protein precipitating activity of sodium polyanetholsulfonate

Sodium polyanetholsulfonate (SPS) at 7.8 mug/ml completely abolished complement-mediated hemolysis of 1:10 diluted fresh guinea pig and human serum; at least twice as much SPS was required to reduce complement activity in 1:2 diluted human serum. The coagulation of 90 and 20% human blood was inhibited by 250 and 125 mug of SPS per ml, respectively. When added to fresh human serum, SPS precipitated beta 1C-globulin (C3), C4, beta lipoproteins, immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, and IgA, though incompletely.

Estimation of Streptomycin and Penicillin in Blood

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