Paediatricians' attitudes and beliefs towards transgender people: a cross-sectional survey in Israel

Trans-Inclusive Communication and Self-Perceived Barriers to It, as Reported by Doctors-A Mixed-Methods Survey in Germany

The majority of transgender and gender-nonconforming people (TGNC) report negative experiences with doctors in the healthcare system. As there is little knowledge about the communication behaviour of doctors towards TGNC, this survey aimed to assess the self-reported trans-inclusive communication of doctors and their willingness to communicate trans-inclusively, as well as their self-perceived barriers to it. A mixed-methods survey was applied for this. Firstly, we measured self-reported trans-inclusive communication behaviour based on the CommTrans questionnaire. Based on this, the overall willingness, as well as self-perceived barriers (qualitative) to communication, were assessed. In total, N = 57 doctors took part in the survey. Most participants reported not introducing themselves using pronouns (79.4%). Of these, 61.4% said that they would not be able to do this in the future either. Perceived barriers were classified into the following eight categories: necessity, sample-dependency, habit, structural barriers in practice, uncertainties in dealing with the topic, limits of patient-centredness, gender as a binary concept, and transphobia. In summary, doctors in Germany show different degrees of trans-inclusive communication. It is likely that this has a negative effect on TGNC, their health and access to the healthcare system.

Creating the Chinese version of the transgender attitudes and beliefs scale

BACKGROUND

Trans persons' physical and mental health is easily affected by the attitude of those around them. However, China currently lacks a valid psychometric instrument to investigate people's attitudes toward trans persons. Therefore, this study modifies the English version of the Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (TABS) to suit the Chinese context. It subsequently examines the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the TABS.

METHODS

This study recruited 1164 university students, aged 18-25 years, from 7 regions of China. SPSS26.0 and AMOS24.0 were used for data statistical analysis. Critical ratio method and correlation coefficient method were used for item analysis. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the structural validity of the Chinese version of Transgender Beliefs and Attitudes Scale, and the internal consistency reliability of the scale was tested.

RESULTS

The TABS-C contains 26 items with 3 factors. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.957 for the total scale and 0.945, 0.888, and 0.885 for the 3 factors. The half-point reliability of the scale was 0.936, and the retest reliability was 0.877. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the 3 factors and the total scale score ranged from 0.768 to 0.946.

CONCLUSION

The TABS-C has reliable psychometric properties and is suitable for usage among college students in the Chinese context.

Une approche d'affirmation pour les soins aux jeunes transgenres et de diverses identités de genre

Un nombre croissant de jeunes s'identifient comme transgenres ou de diverses identités de genre. De nombreux pédiatres et dispensateurs de soins de première ligne accueilleront cette population dans leur pratique, dans le cadre de soins liés au genre ou de soins de santé généraux. Le présent document de principes se veut une ressource pour orienter les pédiatres et les dispensateurs de soins de première ligne à adopter une approche d'affirmation pour la prestation des soins réguliers à tous les jeunes. De plus, il contient de l'information visant à aider les dispensateurs à répondre aux demandes de conseils des jeunes transgenres et de diverses identités de genre et de leur famille au sujet des possibilités de transition médicale et d'orientation vers des services spécialisés s'ils le désirent et le jugent pertinent. Enfin, on anticipe que la demande de soins d'affirmation de genre continue d'augmenter, et certains dispensateurs de soins peuvent souhaiter acquérir les connaissances et les habiletés nécessaires pour amorcer les inhibiteurs d'hormones et les hormones d'affirmation de genre chez les adolescents. Le présent document ne contient pas de directives cliniques, mais de l'information fondamentale au sujet des divers éléments possibles des soins d'affirmation de genre, tout en reconnaissant que les besoins et les objectifs d'adolescents particuliers n'incluent pas automatiquement de telles interventions. D'autres ressources permettant d'acquérir les compétences nécessaires pour offrir des interventions d'affirmation de genre sont également proposées.

The attitude of medical undergraduate students from North India toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention

Background

There is a widespread gap among medical professionals about transgender, and it needs to be addressed through proper educational intervention to inculcate positive attitudes toward transgender people.

Aim

This study aimed to assess the attitude of medical undergraduate students toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention.

Materials and Methods

A total of 169 final-year undergraduate students (aged 22-25 years; 50.3% males; all having heterosexual orientation) were assessed for their attitudes toward transgender people using the Genderism and Transphobia Scale (GTS) and Attitude toward Transgender Individuals Scale (ATTIS). Subsequently, an educational intervention was conducted. The attitude scores were again evaluated immediately and after one month of post-intervention. A paired t-test, independent-samples t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the data.

Results

Mean ATTIS and GTS scores before intervention were 67.02 ± 9.20 and 80.84 ± 26.07, respectively. After the educational intervention, these scores were 79.27 ± 7.18 and 63.20 ± 12.11, respectively, thus showing a significant change in both scores. The change in GTS score was significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.001) and in urban than in rural residents (P = 0.017). No significant association of demographic factors was observed concerning the change in ATTIS scores. On evaluating the recall value, no significant decline in GTS or ATTIS scores was observed following a one month of interval.

Conclusion

There is a need to positively reinforce these changes brought about by educational intervention in the attitude of undergraduate medical students toward transgender people. Such cognitive gains are achievable in developing a humanistic society.

An affirming approach to caring for transgender and gender-diverse youth

Increasing numbers of youth identify as transgender or gender-diverse (TGD). Many paediatricians and primary care providers (PCPs) will encounter this population in their practice, either for gender-related care or general health needs. This statement is intended as a resource to guide paediatricians and PCPs in implementing an affirming approach to routine health care provision for all youth. Furthermore, it presents information to assist providers in responding to requests for counselling from TGD youth and their families around potential options for medical transition, and in making referrals to specialized services, if desired and relevant. Finally, as demand for gender-affirming care is anticipated to continue to increase, some health care providers (HCPs) may wish to develop the knowledge and skills required to initiate adolescents on hormone-blocking agents and gender-affirming hormones. This document is not intended to be a clinical practice guideline, but will provide foundational information regarding these potential components of gender-affirming care, recognizing that the needs and goals of individual adolescents may or may not include such interventions. Additional resources relevant to developing the expertise required to provide gender-affirming interventions will also be identified.

Prelicensure Baccalaureate Nursing Students' Attitudes, Beliefs, and Willingness to Care for Transgender Clients

BACKGROUND

Transgender clients report experiencing discrimination and differential treatment by health care providers in clinical settings. This pilot study assessed prelicensure nursing students' attitudes, beliefs, and willingness to provide care for transgender individuals.

METHOD

Participants enrolled in an adult health nursing course were asked to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Survey, and a Willingness to Provide Clinical Care questionnaire.

RESULTS

Almost all of the participants reported positive attitudes toward transgender clients. Almost all of the participants reported a willingness to provide nursing skills; one participant was unwilling to perform genital or anal-related care.

CONCLUSION

The majority of the prelicensure nursing students in this pilot study indicated they were willing to provide nursing care for transgender clients. More research is needed to assess prelicensure nursing students' learning needs regarding the provision of nursing care for transgender individuals. [J Nurs Educ. 2022;61(6):322-325.].

Parenting as a full time job: The experience of secular middle-class Jewish parents of transgender emerging adults in Israel

BACKGROUND

Emerging adulthood is a developmental period that encompasses individuals from their late teens through at least their mid-twenties, causing parents to be engaged in "parenting" activities longer than in the past. The present study aims to explore the parenting experience and its ascribed meaning among parents of trans emerging adults in Israel.

METHOD

Perceptions and perspectives of 18 Israeli parents of trans emerging adults regarding their parenting experiences were explored using in-depth, semi-structured interviews. All interviews were audiotaped, fully transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed.

RESULTS

Analysis of the interviews yielded three main themes. The first pertains to parental worries; the second pertains to parental support practices, including accompanying and supporting their child in different arenas and serving as their companions and advocates; and the third pertains to parental coping skills.

CONCLUSION

Participants portrayed the parenting of trans emerging adults as a demanding, challenging, and complex experience which they described as a "full time job." Their parenting experiences revolved around the tension between responding to the special needs of their trans children by helping them navigate this period of experimentation and exploration, and the need to give them autonomy and help them develop the independence they want and need. This tension should be understood in light of the specific situation and the stage of the child's transition, the parent-child relationship, and the family situation, in addition to the wider societal context, which is often hostile and transphobic.