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van Leeuwen EH, Knies E, van Rensen ELJ, Taris TW. Stimulating Employability and Job Crafting Behaviour of Physicians: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095666. [PMID: 35565061 PMCID: PMC9105376 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The demanding work context of physicians challenges their employability (i.e., their ability and willingness to continue to work). This requires them to proactively manage their working life and employability, for instance, through job crafting behaviour. This randomized controlled intervention study aimed to examine the effects of a personalized feedback report on physicians’ employability and job crafting behaviour. A total of 165 physicians from two hospitals in a large Dutch city were randomly assigned to a waitlist control or intervention group in May 2019. Physicians in the intervention group received access to a personalized feedback report with their employability scores, suggestions to improve these and to engage in job crafting. Participants completed a pre-test and eight weeks later a post-test. RM MANOVAs and RM ANOVAs showed that the intervention enhanced participants’ perceptions of their mental (F (1,130) = 4.57, p < 0.05) and physical (F (1,135) = 16.05, p < 0.001) ability to continue working. There was no effect on their willingness to continue to work. Furthermore, while job crafting behaviour significantly increased over time, the personalized feedback report did not account for this change. This low-investment intervention is relevant for organizations to stimulate employees’ proactivity and create positive perceptions of their ability to continue to work. Moreover, this study contributes to the literature by examining a novel approach of a job crafting intervention that does not require many resources to implement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien H. van Leeuwen
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- School of Governance, Utrecht University, Bijlhouwerstraat 6, 3511 ZC Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence:
| | - Eva Knies
- School of Governance, Utrecht University, Bijlhouwerstraat 6, 3511 ZC Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Elizabeth L. J. van Rensen
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Toon W. Taris
- Department of Social, Health and Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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Gaudet CE, Del Bene VA. Neuropsychological Assessment of the Aging Physician: A Review & Commentary. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:271-279. [PMID: 34018429 DOI: 10.1177/08919887211016063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Late-career physicians (LCPs) are at risk for cognitive changes that may affect their ability to practice medicine. This review aggregates and discusses research that has examined cognitive functioning among physicians, typically when clinically referred for various medical and psychological reasons that may interfere with their ability to practice medicine. Special consideration is devoted to the role of approaches for examining cognitive functioning (e.g., cognitive screening, cognitive testing, & neuropsychological assessment), normative challenges, and cultural factors that should be considered when evaluating a physician. Based on published studies, there is evidence supportive of the use of cognitive testing and neuropsychological assessment among physicians in a fitness for duty setting. However, prospective studies designed to identify physicians at-risk (i.e., to prevent medical error) are lacking. Additional research is warranted to establish physician-based normative reference groups and aid in test interpretation and prognostication. Moreover, given limitations associated with cognitive testing in isolation, there is a potential role for comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to identify cognitive changes in physicians and provide a supportive pathway to preserve physicians' ability to practice medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Gaudet
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Victor A Del Bene
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review addresses the importance of some of the human factors for intraoperative patient safety with particular focus on the active failures. These are the mishaps or sentinel events related to decisons taken and actions performed by the individual at the delivery end of a system. Such sentinel events may greatly affect intraoperative patient safety. RECENT FINDINGS Intimidating, aggressive and disruptive communication is a cause of adverse staff interaction, which may then represent an important patient safety threat. Also, anaesthesiologist's physical and mental state and limitations may interfere with patient safety. SUMMARY The concept of physician well being is multidimensional and includes factors related to each physician as an individual as well as to the working environment. Creating optimal safe conditions for patients, therefore, requires actions at both the personal level and the working conditions. Also, initiatives to ban rude and dismissive communication should be implemented in order to further improve intraoperative patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan De Hert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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van Leeuwen EH, Taris TW, van den Heuvel M, Knies E, van Rensen ELJ, Lammers JWJ. A Career Crafting Training Program: Results of an Intervention Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:664453. [PMID: 34122255 PMCID: PMC8187622 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.664453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This intervention study examined the effects of a career crafting training on physicians' perceptions of their job crafting behaviors, career self-management, and employability. A total of 154 physicians working in two hospitals in a large Dutch city were randomly assigned to a waitlist control group or an intervention group. Physicians in the intervention group received an accredited training on career crafting, including a mix of theory, self-reflection, and exercises. Participants developed four career crafting goals during the training, to work on in the subsequent weeks, after which a coaching conversation took place over the phone. Physicians in the control group received no intervention. A pre- and post-test 8 weeks later measured changes in job crafting and career self-management (primary outcomes) and employability (secondary outcome) of 103 physicians that completed the pre- and post-test. RM ANOVAs showed that the intervention enhanced perceptions of career self-management and job crafting behavior to decrease hindering job demands. No support was found for the effect of the intervention on other types of job crafting and employability. This study offers novel insights into how career crafting can be enhanced through training, as this is the first empirical study to examine a career crafting intervention. HR managers can use the outcomes to develop tailored career policies and career development practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien H van Leeuwen
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Strategic Human Resource Management, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Toon W Taris
- Department of Social, Health and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Eva Knies
- Department of Strategic Human Resource Management, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth L J van Rensen
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem J Lammers
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Garrett KD, Perry W, Williams B, Korinek L, Bazzo DEJ. Cognitive Screening Tools for Late Career Physicians: A Critical Review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34:171-180. [PMID: 32419575 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720924712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Screening measures are widely used in medicine to assess the increased probability that members of a defined population have a particular condition and therefore require more extensive assessment. The rationale for prospective screening of late career physicians (LCPs) is drawn from the following circumstances: Senior physicians-prone to the vicissitudes of aging-comprise nearly a third of the US physician workforce, physicians are poor at self-evaluation, data suggest many have clinically relevant cognitive decline, and screening is an evidence-based, method to detect individuals at risk and determine whether a comprehensive evaluation is necessary. A handful of professional organizations (eg, surgeons, obstetricians, and a growing number of medical staff credentialing committees) have developed policies in this arena. This focused review compares cognitive screening methods used or recommended for LCPs, with particular attention to the psychometric properties, ease of operational implementation, and appropriate application to physicians-a population selected for high cognitive reserve and skills. Further, we identify gaps in knowledge and practice, including the need for more career-span normative data on physicians' cognitive and work performance. Stakeholders can improve rehabilitation and other supports to LCPs in transition, calling upon the unique expertise of those neuropsychologists who are trained on conducting fitness for duty evaluations, as well as rehabilitation professionals who can assist in developing modifications to practice when indicated or facilitate graceful transitions to retirement when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Davis Garrett
- 7061Intermountain Healthcare and Rocky Mountain Neurology Clinic, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - William Perry
- Physician Assessment and Clinical Education, 12220University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Betsy Williams
- Professional Renewal Center, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine, 4202University of Kansas, USA
| | - Lauri Korinek
- Center for Personalized Education for Professionals, Denver, CO, USA
| | - David E J Bazzo
- Physician Assessment and Clinical Education, 12220University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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White AA, Sage WM, Mazor KM, Gallagher TH. Assessing and Supporting Late Career Practitioners: Four Key Questions. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2020; 46:591-595. [PMID: 32859507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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