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Simoncini G, Orsatti A, Malvi D, Tardio ML, Maloberti T, de Biase D, D'Errico A, Vasuri F. NRAS-mutated oncocytic benign liver lesion in an organ donor: Pitfalls and troubles in frozen section diagnosis and risk assessment. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154531. [PMID: 37182314 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the transplant setting, the definition of the risk of neoplastic transmission from donor to recipient often requires intraoperative pathological evaluation on frozen sections. Although most lesions can be easily classified into acceptable or unacceptable risk according to the Italian National Guidelines, there are cases in which unusual histologic features cannot be further investigated because of the lack of ancillary techniques on frozen sections. CASE PRESENTATION Here we present a case of a liver lesion in a 51-year-old male donor, subjected to histopathological on-call examination. The frozen sections showed a well-demarcated lesion consisting of epithelioid cells disposed in laminar structures and intermingled with a dense lymphocytic population: this led to organ discard with interruption of the donation process. The definitive histological analysis required an extensive immunohistochemical (IHC) investigation: the final diagnosis was "bile duct adenoma with oncocytic features", eventually confirmed by a strongly positive anti-mitochondrial IHC. Finally, an NGS panel analysis was performed, which revealed NRAS mutation. DISCUSSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of oncocytic bile duct adenoma confirmed by anti-mitochondrial IHC and with NRAS mutation. The most challenging aspect of this case was represented by the transplant setting. In fact, the oncocytic features and the dense lymphocytic infiltrate represented concomitant unusual histological features that led to the halt of the organ donation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Simoncini
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Agnese Orsatti
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Deborah Malvi
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria L Tardio
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Thais Maloberti
- Department of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Vasuri
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
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2
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Zelli V, Parisi A, Patruno L, Cannita K, Ficorella C, Luzi C, Compagnoni C, Zazzeroni F, Alesse E, Tessitore A. Concurrent RAS and RAS/BRAF V600E Variants in Colorectal Cancer: More Frequent Than Expected? A Case Report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:863639. [PMID: 35463316 PMCID: PMC9022079 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.863639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of RAS and BRAF mutational status is one of the main steps in the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Multiple mutations in the BRAF and RAS pathway are described as a rare event, with concurrent variants in KRAS and BRAF genes observed in approximately 0.05% of mCRC cases. Here, we report data from a case series affected by high-risk stage III and stage IV CRC and tested for RAS and BRAF mutation, treated at our Medical Oncology Unit. The analysis of KRAS, NRAS (codons 12, 13, 59, 61, 117, 146), and BRAF (codon 600) hotspot variants was performed in 161 CRC tumors from August 2018 to September 2021 and revealed three (1.8%) patients showing mutations in both KRAS and BRAF (V600E), including two cases with earlier CRC and one with metastatic disease. We also identified one patient (0.6%) with a mutation in both KRAS and NRAS genes and another one (0.6%) with a double KRAS mutation. Notably, the latter was characterized by aggressive behavior and poor clinical outcome. The mutational status, pathological features, and clinical history of these five CRC cases are described. Overall, this study case series adds evidence to the limited available literature concerning both the epidemiological and clinical aspects of CRC cases characterized by the presence of concurrent RAS/BRAF variants. Future multicentric studies will be required to increase the sample size and provide additional value to results observed so far in order to improve clinical management of this subgroup of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Zelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Advanced Therapies, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Parisi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Leonardo Patruno
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Katia Cannita
- Medical Oncology Unit, "Giuseppe Mazzini" Hospital, Teramo, Italy
| | - Corrado Ficorella
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Carla Luzi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Advanced Therapies, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Chiara Compagnoni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Edoardo Alesse
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tessitore
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Advanced Therapies, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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3
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Abstract
The genetic alterations in cancer cells are tightly linked to signaling pathway dysregulation. Ras is a key molecule that controls several tumorigenesis-related processes, and mutations in RAS genes often lead to unbiased intensification of signaling networks that fuel cancer progression. In this article, we review recent studies that describe mutant Ras-regulated signaling routes and their cross-talk. In addition to the two main Ras-driven signaling pathways, i.e., the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, we have also collected emerging data showing the importance of Ras in other signaling pathways, including the RAC/PAK, RalGDS/Ral, and PKC/PLC signaling pathways. Moreover, microRNA-regulated Ras-associated signaling pathways are also discussed to highlight the importance of Ras regulation in cancer. Finally, emerging data show that the signal alterations in specific cell types, such as cancer stem cells, could promote cancer development. Therefore, we also cover the up-to-date findings related to Ras-regulated signal transduction in cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Takács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kudlik
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Kurilla
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Szeder
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virag Vas
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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4
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Murdande SS. Role of rat sarcoma virus mutations in cancer and potential target for cancer therapy. Future Sci OA 2020; 6:FSO455. [PMID: 32257368 PMCID: PMC7117548 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2019-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of oncogenic rat sarcoma virus (RAS) mutations has made RAS a popular target for cancer therapies. Significant discoveries have been reported regarding cancer molecular biology following the study of RAS mutations. These discoveries are integral in shaping the era of targeted cancer therapy, with direct targeting of RAS or downstream RAS effectors, such as Grb2 and MAPK a possibility. Novel agents such as farnesyltransferase directly bind and sequester RAS. While these new agents and approaches have shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies, the complexity of RAS signaling and the potential for robust adaptive feedback continue to present substantial challenges. Therefore, the development of targeted therapies will require a detailed understanding of the properties and dependencies of specific cancers to a RAS mutation. This review provides an overview of RAS mutations and their relationship with cancer and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets. The widespread prevalence of cancer has focused research attention on the discovery and development of newer therapies. Significant discoveries regarding genetic mutations have provided new opportunities for development of targeted cancer therapies. In this review, mutations in the rat sarcoma virus protein are discussed along with their potential as targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana S Murdande
- ROSS University School of Medicine, Lloyd Erskine Sandiford Center, St Michael BB11039, Barbados
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5
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Non-Redundant and Overlapping Oncogenic Readouts of Non-Canonical and Novel Colorectal Cancer KRAS and NRAS Mutants. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121557. [PMID: 31816869 PMCID: PMC6952822 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS oncogene family members are molecular switches of signaling pathways that control cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In colorectal cancer, Kirsten-RAS (KRAS) and neuroblastoma-RAS (NRAS) are the commonly mutated isoforms. Activating mutations in RAS result in cellular transformation independent of upregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-initiated signaling. The present study characterized the functional consequences of non-canonical/novel KRAS and NRAS mutants identified in a targeted next-generation sequencing study of colorectal cancer specimens from Filipino patients. In vitro assays in NIH3T3 cells showed that similar to the canonical KRAS G12D mutant, overexpression of KRAS G12S, A59T, and Y137C, but not NRAS G12D and NRAS A11V, confer higher proliferation and migration rates. HCT116 cells transfected with the novel NRAS A11V and the canonical NRAS G12D, but not the KRAS mutants, display enhanced resistance to apoptosis. All four non-canonical/novel KRAS and NRAS mutants induce gross changes in F-actin cytoskeletal organization and cellular morphology of NIH3T3 cells. Only KRAS G12S and KRAS A59T appear to deregulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and its downstream target ETS transcription factor ELK1 (ELK1). Elucidation of differential effector engagement responsible for the variable phenotypic readouts of the mutants is warranted. If validated by mouse studies and clinical correlates, these can have wider implications in choosing treatment options.
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6
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Wang Y, Liu H, Hou Y, Zhou X, Liang L, Zhang Z, Shi H, Xu S, Hu P, Zheng Z, Liu R, Tang T, Ye F, Liang Z, Bu H. Performance validation of an amplicon-based targeted next-generation sequencing assay and mutation profiling of 648 Chinese colorectal cancer patients. Virchows Arch 2018; 472:959-968. [PMID: 29705968 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become a promising approach for tumor somatic mutation detection. However, stringent validation is required for its application on clinical specimens, especially for low-quality formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Here, we validated the performance of an amplicon-based targeted NGS assay, OncoAim™ DNA panel, on both commercial reference FFPE samples and clinical FFPE samples of Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Then we profiled the mutation spectrum of 648 Chinese CRC patients in a multicenter study to explore its clinical utility. This NGS assay achieved 100% test specificity and 95-100% test sensitivity for variants with mutant allele frequency (MAF) ≥ 5% when median read depth ≥ 500×. The orthogonal methods including amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR and Sanger sequencing validated that NGS generated three false negatives (FNs) but no false positives (FPs) among 516 clinical samples for KRAS aberration detection. Genomic profiling of Chinese CRC patients with this assay revealed that 63.3% of the tumors harbored clinically actionable alterations. Besides the commonly mutated genes including TP53 (52.82%), KRAS (46.68%), APC (24.09%), PIK3CA (18.94%), SMAD4 (9.47%), BRAF (6.15%), FBXW7 (5.32%), and NRAS (4.15%), other less frequently mutated genes were also identified. Statistically significant association of specific mutated genes with certain clinicopathological features was detected, e.g., both BRAF and PIK3CA were more prevalent in right-side CRC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). We concluded this targeted NGS assay is qualified for clinical practice, and our findings could help the diagnosis and prognosis of Chinese CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajian Wang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haijing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Liang
- Huayin Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Huaiyin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Sanpeng Xu
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Peizhen Hu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zuyu Zheng
- Singlera Genomics Inc., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Singlera Genomics Inc., Shanghai, 201318, China
| | | | - Feng Ye
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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7
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Testing for NRAS Mutations in Serous Borderline Ovarian Tumors and Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinomas. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:1497879. [PMID: 29682098 PMCID: PMC5845515 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1497879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Idylla NRAS Mutation Test, performed on the Biocartis Idylla system, is an in vitro diagnostic tool for the qualitative assessment of 18 NRAS mutations in codons 12, 13, 59, 61, 117, and 146. Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSC) represents less than 10% of all serous ovarian carcinomas. LGSCs are believed to arise from preexisting cystadenomas or serous borderline tumors (SBOTs) that eventually progress to an invasive carcinoma. The molecular analysis of cancer-causing mutations and the development of targeted biological therapies constitute a milestone in the diagnosis and therapy of ovarian malignancies. According to some authors, NRAS may be an important oncogene for the progression of SBOT to a frankly invasive disease. The primary aim of this study was to verify if a fully integrated, real-time PCR-based Idylla system can be used for the rapid determination of the NRAS mutation status in patients with serous borderline ovarian tumors and low-grade serous ovarian carcinomas. The study included tissue specimens from 12 patients with histopathologically verified ovarian masses, operated on at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz (Poland), between January 2009 and June 2012. The mean age of the study patients was 52.5 years (range 27-80 years). NRAS mutation in codon 13 (G13D, p.Gly13Asp; nucleotide: c.38G>A) was found in one patient, a woman with low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, our experiment was the first published study using the novel Idylla NRAS Mutation Test for the evaluation of ovarian tumors in a clinical setting. The Idylla platform is an interesting ancillary first-line rapid and fully automated instrument to detect NRAS mutations in SBOTs and LGSCs. However, the clinical usefulness of this method still needs to be verified in larger groups of cancer patients.
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8
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NRASQ61R Mutation-specific Immunohistochemistry is Highly Specific for Either NRAS Q61R or KRAS Q61R Mutation in Colorectal Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 25:475-480. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Lunke S, Lee B, Kranz S, Gibbs P, Waring P, Christie M. Intratumorous heterogeneity for RAS mutations in a treatment-naïve colorectal tumour. J Clin Pathol 2017; 70:720-723. [PMID: 28314739 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Activating mutations in KRAS and NRAS genes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are associated with a lack of response to treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies. Mutations in these genes are thought to be mutually exclusive, however reports have described CRCs with two activating rat sarcoma (RAS) mutations. This has fuelled discussion about whether these mutations are the result of intratumorous heterogeneity, or if they are co-occurring in the same cancer cell clone. We present a case of a colorectal tumour with three RAS mutations detected during routine diagnostic testing. Further detailed analysis with laser capture microdissection and next generation sequencing excluded the possibility of all three mutations being present in the same clone, presenting the highest resolution evidence of intratumorous heterogeneity of RAS mutations to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lunke
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Lee
- Colorectal Translational Oncology Group, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sevastjan Kranz
- Department of Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Gibbs
- Colorectal Translational Oncology Group, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Waring
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Christie
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Colorectal Translational Oncology Group, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Furlan D, Trapani D, Berrino E, Debernardi C, Panero M, Libera L, Sahnane N, Riva C, Tibiletti MG, Sessa F, Sapino A, Venesio T. Oxidative DNA damage induces hypomethylation in a compromised base excision repair colorectal tumourigenesis. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:793-801. [PMID: 28141798 PMCID: PMC5355935 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A compromised base excision repair (BER) promotes carcinogenesis by accumulating oxidative DNA-damaged products as observed in MUTYH-associated polyposis, a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome marked by adenomas and cancers with an accumulation of 8-oxoguanine. Remarkably, DNA global demethylation has been shown to be mediated by BER, suggesting a relevant interplay with early colorectal tumourigenesis. To check this hypothesis, we investigated a cohort of 49 adenomas and 10 carcinomas, derived from 17 MUTYH-associated polyposis patients; as adenoma controls, we used a set of 36 familial adenomatous polyposis and 24 sporadic polyps. Methods: Samples were analysed for their mutational and epigenetic status, measured as global LINE-1 (long interspersed nuclear element) and gene-specific LINE-1 MET methylation by mass spectrometry and pyrosequencing. Results: MUTYH-associated polyposis adenomas were strikingly more hypomethylated than familial adenomatous and sporadic polyps for both DNA demethylation markers (P=0.032 and P=0.007 for LINE-1; P=0.004 and P<0.0001 for LINE-1 MET, respectively) with levels comparable to those of the carcinomas derived from the same patients. They also had mutations due mainly to KRAS/NRAS p.G12C, which was absent in the controls (P<0.0001 for both sets). Conclusions: Our results show that DNA demethylation, together with specific KRAS/NRAS mutations, drives the early steps of oxidative damage colorectal tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Furlan
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy.,Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Davide Trapani
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Enrico Berrino
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Carla Debernardi
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Mara Panero
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Laura Libera
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Nora Sahnane
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Cristina Riva
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy.,Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tibiletti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Fausto Sessa
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy.,Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Tiziana Venesio
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
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11
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Jeantet M, Tougeron D, Tachon G, Cortes U, Archambaut C, Fromont G, Karayan-Tapon L. High Intra- and Inter-Tumoral Heterogeneity of RAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122015. [PMID: 27916952 PMCID: PMC5187815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of patients with wild type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer are non-responders to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies (anti-EGFR mAbs), possibly due to undetected tumoral subclones harboring RAS mutations. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of RAS mutations in different areas of the primary tumor, metastatic lymph nodes and distant metastasis. A retrospective cohort of 18 patients with a colorectal cancer (CRC) was included in the study. Multiregion analysis was performed in 60 spatially separated tumor areas according to the pathological tumor node metastasis (pTNM) staging and KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations were tested using pyrosequencing. In primary tumors, intra-tumoral heterogeneity for RAS mutation was found in 33% of cases. Inter-tumoral heterogeneity for RAS mutation between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes or distant metastasis was found in 36% of cases. Moreover, 28% of tumors had multiple RAS mutated subclones in the same tumor. A high proportion of CRCs presented intra- and/or inter-tumoral heterogeneity, which has relevant clinical implications for anti-EGFR mAbs prescription. These results suggest the need for multiple RAS testing in different parts of the same tumor and/or more sensitive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Jeantet
- Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département d'anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - David Tougeron
- Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - Gaelle Tachon
- Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - Ulrich Cortes
- Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - Céline Archambaut
- Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - Gaelle Fromont
- Département d'anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- Département de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
- INSERM1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
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Challenging a dogma: co-mutations exist in MAPK pathway genes in colorectal cancer. Virchows Arch 2016; 469:459-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-1991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Chen X, Zhou D, Shen H, Chen H, Feng W, Xie G. A universal probe design for colorimetric detection of single-nucleotide variation with visible readout and high specificity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20257. [PMID: 26830326 PMCID: PMC4735751 DOI: 10.1038/srep20257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-nucleotide variation (SNV) is a crucial biomarker for drug resistance-related detection in cancer and bacterial infection. However, the unintended binding of DNA probes limits the specificity of SNV detection, and the need for redesigned sequences compromise the universality of SNV assay. Herein, we demonstrated a universal and low-cost assay for the colorimetric discrimination of drug-resistance related point mutation. By the use of a universal DNA probe and a split G-quadruplex, the signal could be recognized by naked eye at room temperature. The DNA probe was used as a signal reporter which not only improved the universality, but also enabled high specificity of probe hybridization. This assay was successfully applied in the detection of cancer-related SNV in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS), and tuberculosis drug-resistance related point mutation in RNA polymerase beta subunit gene (rpoB) with high specificity and visible readout. This method was simple, rapid, high-throughput and effective, which was suitable for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Clinical Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Clinical Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Guoming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
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Sorscher S. Coexisting KRAS and NRAS mutations in colon cancer. J Clin Pathol 2015; 68:1044. [PMID: 26243064 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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