1
|
Kaptein P, Jacoberger-Foissac C, Dimitriadis P, Voabil P, de Bruijn M, Brokamp S, Reijers I, Versluis J, Nallan G, Triscott H, McDonald E, Tay J, Long GV, Blank CU, Thommen DS, Teng MWL. Addition of interleukin-2 overcomes resistance to neoadjuvant CTLA4 and PD1 blockade in ex vivo patient tumors. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabj9779. [PMID: 35476594 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj9779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) + anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) monoclonal antibodies has demonstrated remarkable pathological responses and relapse-free survival in ~80% of patients with clinically detectable stage III melanoma. However, about 20% of the treated patients do not respond. In pretreatment biopsies of patients with melanoma, we found that resistance to neoadjuvant CTLA4 + PD1 blockade was associated with a low CD4/interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene signature. Ex vivo, addition of IL-2 to CTLA4 + PD1 blockade induced T cell activation and deep immunological responses in anti-CTLA4 + anti-PD1-resistant human tumor specimens. In the 4T1.2 breast cancer mouse model of neoadjuvant immunotherapy, triple combination of anti-CTLA4 + anti-PD1 + IL-2 cured almost twice as many mice as compared with dual checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This improved efficacy was due to the expansion of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and improved proinflammatory cytokine polyfunctionality of both CD4+ and CD8+ T effector cells and regulatory T cells. Depletion studies suggested that CD4+ T cells were critical for priming of CD8+ T cell immunity against 4T1.2 and helped in the expansion of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells early after neoadjuvant triple immunotherapy. Our results suggest that the addition of IL-2 can overcome resistance to neoadjuvant anti-CTLA4 + anti-PD1, providing the rationale for testing this combination as a neoadjuvant therapy in patients with early-stage cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulien Kaptein
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | | | - Petros Dimitriadis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Paula Voabil
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Simone Brokamp
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Irene Reijers
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Judith Versluis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Gahyathiri Nallan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Hannah Triscott
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth McDonald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Joshua Tay
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.,Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney 2065, Australia
| | - Christian U Blank
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Daniela S Thommen
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, Netherlands
| | - Michele W L Teng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Holder PG, Lim SA, Huang CS, Sharma P, Dagdas YS, Bulutoglu B, Sockolosky JT. Engineering interferons and interleukins for cancer immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114112. [PMID: 35085624 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are a class of potent immunoregulatory proteins that are secreted in response to various stimuli and act locally to regulate many aspects of human physiology and disease. Cytokines play important roles in cancer initiation, progression, and elimination, and thus, there is a long clinical history associated with the use of recombinant cytokines to treat cancer. However, the use of cytokines as therapeutics has been limited by cytokine pleiotropy, complex biology, poor drug-like properties, and severe dose-limiting toxicities. Nevertheless, cytokines are crucial mediators of innate and adaptive antitumor immunity and have the potential to enhance immunotherapeutic approaches to treat cancer. Development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination immunotherapies has reinvigorated interest in cytokines as therapeutics, and a variety of engineering approaches are emerging to improve the safety and effectiveness of cytokine immunotherapy. In this review we highlight recent advances in cytokine biology and engineering for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|