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Song B, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wu C, Wu D, Zhou C, Li M, Ji X. Research hotpots and frontier trends of neuroprotective effects of magnesium from 1999 to 2023: A bibliometric analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14597. [PMID: 38332558 PMCID: PMC10853652 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuroprotective effect of magnesium has been widely discussed, and its effectiveness has been confirmed by animal and clinical trials. However, there are still difficulties in clinical translation in diseases such as cerebral ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the literatures about neuroprotection of magnesium to reveal a more comprehensive knowledge framework, research hotspots and trends in the future. METHODS Original articles and reviews related to neuroprotective effects of magnesium from 1999 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The bibliometrics CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software was used to conduct co-occurrence/co-citation network analysis and plot knowledge visualization maps. RESULTS A total of 762 articles from 216 institutions in 64 countries were included in this study. The United States had the largest number of publications, followed by China and Canada. The University of California, UDICE-French Research Universities, and the University of Adelaide were the top three institutions in publication volume. Crowther Caroline A was the most published and cited author. Among the top 10 cited articles, there were seven articles on neuroprotection in preterm infants and three on acute stroke. Keyword cluster analysis obtained 11 clusters, showing that current research hotspots focused on magnesium therapy in neurovascular diseases such as cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and emerging treatment strategies. CONCLUSION The neuroprotective effects of magnesium in preterm infants have been extensively studied and adequately confirmed. The therapeutic effects of magnesium on cerebral ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage have been demonstrated in animal models. However, the results of clinical studies were not satisfactory, and exploring new therapeutic strategies may be the solution. Recently, the combination of magnesium and hypothermia had great potential in neuroprotective therapy and may become a development trend and hotspot in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China‐America Institute of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Miaowen Jiang
- Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China‐America Institute of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Di Wu
- China‐America Institute of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chen Zhou
- Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ming Li
- China‐America Institute of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China‐America Institute of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Sadaf H, Desai VR, Misra V, Golanov E, Hegde ML, Villapol S, Karmonik C, Regnier‐Golanov A, Sayenko D, Horner PJ, Krencik R, Weng YL, Vahidy FS, Britz GW. A contemporary review of therapeutic and regenerative management of intracerebral hemorrhage. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:2211-2221. [PMID: 34647437 PMCID: PMC8607450 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains a common and debilitating form of stroke. This neurological emergency must be diagnosed and treated rapidly yet effectively. In this article, we review the medical, surgical, repair, and regenerative treatment options for managing ICH. Topics of focus include the management of blood pressure, intracranial pressure, coagulopathy, and intraventricular hemorrhage, as well as the role of surgery, regeneration, rehabilitation, and secondary prevention. Results of various phase II and III trials are incorporated. In summary, ICH patients should undergo rapid evaluation with neuroimaging, and early interventions should include systolic blood pressure control in the range of 140 mmHg, correction of coagulopathy if indicated, and assessment for surgical intervention. ICH patients should be managed in dedicated neurosurgical intensive care or stroke units where continuous monitoring of neurological status and evaluation for neurological deterioration is rapidly possible. Extravasation of hematoma may be helpful in patients with intraventricular extension of ICH. The goal of care is to reduce mortality and enable multimodal rehabilitative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Sadaf
- Punjab Medical CollegeUniversity of Health ScienceFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Virendra R. Desai
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Vivek Misra
- Department of NeurologyHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Eugene Golanov
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Muralidhar L. Hegde
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Sonia Villapol
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Christof Karmonik
- Translational Imaging CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Dimitri Sayenko
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Philip J. Horner
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Robert Krencik
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Yi Lan Weng
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Farhaan S. Vahidy
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for Outcomes ResearchHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Gavin W. Britz
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist Neurological InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Center for NeuroregenerationHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
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Cho WS, Kim JE, Park SQ, Ko JK, Kim DW, Park JC, Yeon JY, Chung SY, Chung J, Joo SP, Hwang G, Kim DY, Chang WH, Choi KS, Lee SH, Sheen SH, Kang HS, Kim BM, Bae HJ, Oh CW, Park HS. Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2018. [PMID: 29526058 PMCID: PMC5853198 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2017.0404.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in treating ruptured cerebral aneurysms, an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is still a grave cerebrovascular disease associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Based on the literature published to date, worldwide academic and governmental committees have developed clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to propose standards for disease management in order to achieve the best treatment outcomes for aSAHs. In 2013, the Korean Society of Cerebrovascular Surgeons issued a Korean version of the CPGs for aSAHs. The group researched all articles and major foreign CPGs published in English until December 2015 using several search engines. Based on these articles, levels of evidence and grades of recommendations were determined by our society as well as by other related Quality Control Committees from neurointervention, neurology and rehabilitation medicine. The Korean version of the CPGs for aSAHs includes risk factors, diagnosis, initial management, medical and surgical management to prevent rebleeding, management of delayed cerebral ischemia and vasospasm, treatment of hydrocephalus, treatment of medical complications and early rehabilitation. The CPGs are not the absolute standard but are the present reference as the evidence is still incomplete, each environment of clinical practice is different, and there is a high probability of variation in the current recommendations. The CPGs will be useful in the fields of clinical practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Sang Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sukh Que Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Kyeung Ko
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Dae-Won Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jung Cheol Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Young Yeon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Young Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joonho Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Pil Joo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Gyojun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Deog Young Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hyuk Chang
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Sheen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun-Seung Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Moon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chang Wan Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyeon Seon Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Etezadi F, Aklamli M, Najafi A, Khajavi M, Shariat Moharari R, Mirrahimi B, Mortazavi SA, Mojtahedzadeh M. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of peri-operative infusion of magnesium sulfate on the microsurgical procedures for intracranial tumors. Anesth Pain Med 2015; 4:e22379. [PMID: 25798379 PMCID: PMC4358335 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.22379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The anti-inflammatory properties of magnesium sulfate have never been discussed in brain tumor surgeries. Objectives: This study is aimed to find anti-inflammatory aspects of high dose magnesium sulfate infusion during perioperative period of neurosurgical patients through checking the serial C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels as a biomarker of inflammation. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients who were candidate for elective craniotomy were enrolled randomly into two equal groups to receive either magnesium sulfate or normal saline during their perioperative period. Infusion of magnesium was performed three times during the study and a summation of 15 grams was administered: 1- two days before surgery, 2- one day before surgery, 3- from the beginning of surgery (five grams was infused within six hours in each session). Serum level of CRP was checked just before commencement of magnesium infusion and on the first and second day after surgery as primary outcome. Hemodynamic parameters, total propofol requirement and total blood loss were recorded as well. Results: No significant difference was found between groups in terms of serum CRP levels. The mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, blood loss and total anesthetic requirement were significantly lower in magnesium group in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: We did not find conclusive evidence for anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium in craniotomy for microsurgery of intracranial tumors using CRP level changes. However, high dose magnesium might be suggested as a safe anesthetic adjuvant in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Etezadi
- Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Aklamli
- Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atabak Najafi
- Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khajavi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammadreza Khajavi, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-9123837096, Fax: +98-2166348551, E-mail:
| | | | - Bahador Mirrahimi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
| | | | - Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
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Kerz T, Victor A, Beyer C, Trapp I, Heid F, Reisch R. A case control study of statin and magnesium administration in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia and mortality. Neurol Res 2013; 30:893-7. [DOI: 10.1179/174313208x338034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Odom MJ, Zuckerman SL, Mocco J. The role of magnesium in the management of cerebral vasospasm. Neurol Res Int 2013; 2013:943914. [PMID: 23766903 PMCID: PMC3674682 DOI: 10.1155/2013/943914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by bleeding into the subarachnoid space, often caused by ruptured aneurysm. Aneurysmal rupture occurs in 700,000 individuals per year worldwide, with 40,000 cases taking place in the United States. Beyond the high mortality associated with SAH alone, morbidity and mortality are further increased with the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm, a pathologic constriction of blood vessels that can lead to delayed ischemic neurologic deficits (DIND). Treatment of cerebral vasospasm is a source of contention. One extensively studied therapy is Magnesium (Mg) as both a competitive antagonist of calcium at the N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and a noncompetitive antagonist of both IP3 and voltage-gated calcium channels, leading to smooth muscle relaxation. In our literature review, several animal and human studies are summarized in addition to two Phase III trials assessing the use of intravenous Mg in the treatment of SAH (IMASH and MASH-2). Though many studies have shown promise for the use of Mg in SAH, there has been inconsistency in study design and outcomes. Furthermore, the results of the recently completed clinical trials have shown no significant benefit from using intravenous Mg as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell J. Odom
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Scott L. Zuckerman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - J Mocco
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Steiner T, Juvela S, Unterberg A, Jung C, Forsting M, Rinkel G. European Stroke Organization guidelines for the management of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 35:93-112. [PMID: 23406828 DOI: 10.1159/000346087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 707] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial aneurysm with and without subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a relevant health problem: The overall incidence is about 9 per 100,000 with a wide range, in some countries up to 20 per 100,000. Mortality rate with conservative treatment within the first months is 50-60%. About one third of patients left with an untreated aneurysm will die from recurrent bleeding within 6 months after recovering from the first bleeding. The prognosis is further influenced by vasospasm, hydrocephalus, delayed ischaemic deficit and other complications. The aim of these guidelines is to provide comprehensive recommendations on the management of SAH with and without aneurysm as well as on unruptured intracranial aneurysm. METHODS We performed an extensive literature search from 1960 to 2011 using Medline and Embase. Members of the writing group met in person and by teleconferences to discuss recommendations. Search results were graded according to the criteria of the European Federation of Neurological Societies. Members of the Guidelines Committee of the European Stroke Organization reviewed the guidelines. RESULTS These guidelines provide evidence-based information on epidemiology, risk factors and prognosis of SAH and recommendations on diagnostic and therapeutic methods of both ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Several risk factors of aneurysm growth and rupture have been identified. We provide recommendations on diagnostic work up, monitoring and general management (blood pressure, blood glucose, temperature, thromboprophylaxis, antiepileptic treatment, use of steroids). Specific therapeutic interventions consider timing of procedures, clipping and coiling. Complications such as hydrocephalus, vasospasm and delayed ischaemic deficit were covered. We also thought to add recommendations on SAH without aneurysm and on unruptured aneurysms. CONCLUSION Ruptured intracranial aneurysm with a high rate of subsequent complications is a serious disease needing prompt treatment in centres having high quality of experience of treatment for these patients. These guidelines provide practical, evidence-based advice for the management of patients with intracranial aneurysm with or without rupture. Applying these measures can improve the prognosis of SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Steiner
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Barry C, Turner RJ, Corrigan F, Vink R. New therapeutic approaches to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:845-59. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.683113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Green DM, Burns JD, DeFusco CM. ICU management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Intensive Care Med 2012; 28:341-54. [PMID: 22328599 DOI: 10.1177/0885066611434100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has very high morbidity and mortality rates. Optimal intensive care unit (ICU) management requires knowledge of the potential complications that occur in this patient population. METHODS Review of the ICU management of SAH. Level of evidence for specific recommendations is provided. RESULTS Grading scales utilizing clinical factors and brain imaging studies can help in determining prognosis and are reviewed. Misdiagnosis of SAH is fairly common so the clinical symptoms and signs of SAH are summarized. The ICU management of SAH is discussed beginning with a focus on avoiding aneurysm re-rupture and securing the aneurysm, followed by a review of the neurologic and medical complications that may occur after the aneurysm is secured. Detailed treatment strategies and areas of current and future research are reviewed. CONCLUSIONS The ICU management of the patient with SAH can be particularly challenging and requires an awareness of all potential neurologic and medical complications and their urgent treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Green
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Effect of magnesium sulfate therapy on patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage using serum S100B protein as a prognostic marker. Neurosurg Rev 2011; 35:421-7; discussion 427. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-011-0368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Prophylactic intravenous magnesium sulfate for treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical study*. Crit Care Med 2010; 38:1284-90. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181d9da1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mashiah A, Wolach O, Sandbank J, Uziel O, Raanani P, Lahav M. Lymphoma and leukemia cells possess fractal dimensions that correlate with their biological features. Acta Haematol 2008; 119:142-50. [PMID: 18417956 DOI: 10.1159/000125551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living cells can be viewed as complex adaptive systems that exhibit non-linear dynamics and fractal features. We investigated the fractal qualities of normal and malignant hematological cells and their potential as a tool for characterizing cell phenotype and clinical behavior. METHODS A mathematical algorithm and an optic tool for fractal analysis of nuclei were developed. A total of 4,713 lymphoid cells derived from 66 patients of five distinct diagnostic groups (normal and reactive lymphocytes, low-grade lymphomas and an aggressive lymphoma) were assessed for their fractal dimension. In addition, in 19 patients fractal analysis of leukemia cells was compared to clinical endpoints. RESULTS After validating our method, hematological cells possessed fractal dimensions corresponding to their clinical entity. There was a highly significant overall difference in fractal dimensions between various types of hematological malignancies. A preliminary correlation was found between the fractal dimension and the clinical outcome of leukemia patients. CONCLUSIONS Hematological cells possess fractal dimensions that correlate with their biological properties. Measurement of fractal dimension seems to be a sensitive method to assess the hematological cell phenotype and to define a clinical group. This tool may be potentially useful for the evaluation of clinical behavior of hematological diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Algorithms
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Cluster Analysis
- Cohort Studies
- Fractals
- Humans
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphocytes/ultrastructure
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Photomicrography/instrumentation
- Photomicrography/methods
- Prognosis
- Pseudolymphoma/pathology
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Mashiah
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
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