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Gao Q, Fan J, Hu S, Wang D. Catheterization of Ventral Caudal Artery in Rats: A Modified Technique for Repeatable Angiography and Intervention. J INVEST SURG 2021; 35:1083-1090. [PMID: 34852715 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2021.2011493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of digital silhouette angiography (DSA) has been restricted due to lack of a technique that allows for repeated intra-arterial inspections over a prolonged period. Current studies are focused on the arteries that can be cannulated multiple times. We intended to develop and test a technique that would enable repeated performance of various catheterizations and transcatheter operations for a prolonged period, at the same site, with fewer postsurgical complications. METHODS Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups. Ventral caudal artery cannulation was performed via the transtail approach after grouping for subsequent experiments. Histological staining and scanning electron microscopy were used to assess endothelial injuries. RESULTS The rats survived post catheterization of ventral caudal artery and establishment of animal models. The average time of ventral caudal artery cannulation was significantly shorter than that of the femoral (p < 0.01) and common carotid arteries (p < 0.01). In rats, the transtail artery technique effectively allowed selective arterial catheterization and angiography. Histological staining and scanning electron microscopy of the abdominal aorta revealed disruption of the intima and denuded wavy endothelial surface. CONCLUSIONS We describe a novel method for artery sheath catheterization through the ventral caudal artery in rats; it may be possible to perform serial DSA studies and interventional operations with a single sheath channel in rats over a prolonged period. We believe that this approach will improve the utility of rats as models of human diseases and enable the broader use of rodent models for endovascular therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.,Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Divani AA, Farr TD, Di Napoli M, Salazar P, SantaCruz KS, Jafarli A, Jafari M, Fisher M. Transfemoral Approach to Induce Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats: The Use of Commercially Available Endovascular Wires. Neurocrit Care 2019; 32:575-585. [PMID: 31346935 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-019-00791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models of stroke play a crucial role in determining the pathophysiology of stroke progression and assessment of any new therapeutic approaches. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) in rodent models are the most common site-specific type of ischemia because of their relevance to the clinical setting. Compared with the intraluminal filament technique for inducing tMCAo, the transfemoral approach using endovascular wires is relatively a new technique METHODS: Here we present the use of commercially available wires used for neuro-endovascular surgical procedures to induce tMCAo in rats via a transfemoral approach. We used male Wistar rats in four groups to assess the effect of occlusion time (1 vs. 2 hours) and the wire type (PT2 TM 0.014″ vs. TransendTM EX, 0.014″, Boston Scientific, MA, USA). Infarct volume, edema, neurological deficits, and pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory blood biomarkers were used as outcome measures. RESULTS We observed a significant effect of the wire type on the infarct volume (p value = 0.0096) where infarcts were slightly larger in the PT2 wiregroups. However, the occlusion time had no significant effect on infarct volume, even though the interaction between wire-type * occlusion-time was significant (p value = 0.024). Also, the amount of edema and blood pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory biomarkers were not statistically different among the wire-type and occlusion-time groups. CONCLUSIONS The choice of appropriate endovascular wire should probably be the focus of the study design instead of the occlusion time when planning an experiment. The transfemoral approach using endovascular wires for inducing tMCAo in rats provides a more consistent outcome with fewer complications compared with suture filament models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin A Divani
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, MMC 295, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Tracy D Farr
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mario Di Napoli
- Department of Neurology, San Camillo de' Lellis District General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | | | - Karen S SantaCruz
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Alibay Jafarli
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, MMC 295, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mostafa Jafari
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, MMC 295, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Marc Fisher
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Gubskiy IL, Namestnikova DD, Cherkashova EA, Chekhonin VP, Baklaushev VP, Gubsky LV, Yarygin KN. MRI Guiding of the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats Aimed to Improve Stroke Modeling. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 9:417-425. [PMID: 29178027 PMCID: PMC6061245 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats closely imitates ischemic stroke and is widely used. Existing instrumental methods provide a certain level of MCAO guidance, but monitoring of the MCA-occluding intraluminal filament position and possible complications can be improved. The goal of this study was to develop a MRI-based method of simultaneous control of the filament position, blood flow in the intracranial vessels, and hemorrhagic complications. Rats were subjected to either MRI-guided MCAO (group 1, n = 51) or MCAO without MRI control (group 2, n = 38). After operation, group 1 rats were transferred into a MRI scanner for the control of the filament position and possible complications. Ninety minutes after the onset of MCAO, the filament was removed in rats of both groups and MRI control of the infarct volume and hemorrhagic complications performed. High-resolution T1- and T2-weighted imaging performed immediately after filament insertion provided visualization of the filament position, blood flow in brain arteries, and complications related to inappropriate filament insertion. It permitted replacement of wrongly positioned filaments and exclusion of animals with complications from the experiment. MRI-based MCAO guiding provided real-time intra-operational monitoring of crucial parameters determining MCAO suitability for stroke modeling, including better assessment of the operation outcomes in individual animals and significant enhancement of the model success rate. The possibility of simultaneous visualization of the filament, blood flow in the arteries, brain tissue, and hemorrhagic complications is the principal advantage of the proposed method over other instrumental methods of MCAO quality control. Graphical Abstract MRI-guided middle cerebral artery occlusion technique permits intra-operational monitoring via direct non-invasive simultaneous visualization of the filament, blood flow in the arteries, brain tissue, and hemorrhagic complications. It provides better assessment of MCAO outcomes in individual animals and significant enhancement of MCAO success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya L Gubskiy
- Research Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Daria D Namestnikova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elvira A Cherkashova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Chekhonin
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Baklaushev
- Federal Research Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid V Gubsky
- Research Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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A comparison study between the saturation-recovery-T 1 and CASL MRI methods for quantitative CBF imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 37:179-186. [PMID: 27919784 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The saturation-recovery (SR)-T1 MRI method for quantitatively imaging cerebral blood flow (CBF) change (ΔCBF) concurrently with the blood oxygenation level dependence (BOLD) alteration has been recently developed and validated by simultaneous measurement of relative CBF change using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in rats at 9.4T. In this study, ΔCBF induced by mildly transient hypercapnia and measured by the SR-T1 MRI method was rigorously compared with an established perfusion MRI method-continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL) approach in normal and preclinical middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) rat models. The results show an excellent agreement between ΔCBF values measured with these two imaging methods. Moreover, the intrinsic longitudinal relaxation rate (R1int) was experimentally determined in vivo in normal rat brains at 9.4T by comparing two independent measures of the apparent longitudinal relaxation rate (R1app) and CBF measured by the CSAL approach across a wide range of perfusion. In turn, the R1int constant can be employed to calculate the CBF value based on the R1app measurement in healthy brain. This comparison study validates the fundamental relationship for linking brain tissue water R1app and cerebral perfusion, demonstrates the feasibility of imaging and quantifying both CBF and its change using the SR-T1 MRI method in vivo.
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