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Hussain MS, Gupta G, Mishra R, Patel N, Gupta S, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Kumbhar P, Disouza J, Dureja H, Kukreti N, Singh SK, Dua K. Unlocking the secrets: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and their devastating effects on lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155157. [PMID: 38320440 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LCs) is still a serious health problem globally, with many incidences attributed to environmental triggers such as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). VOCs are a broad class of compounds that can be released via various sources, including industrial operations, automobile emissions, and indoor air pollution. VOC exposure has been linked to an elevated risk of lung cancer via multiple routes. These chemicals can be chemically converted into hazardous intermediate molecules, resulting in DNA damage and genetic alterations. VOCs can also cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and a breakdown in the cellular protective antioxidant framework, all of which contribute to the growth of lung cancer. Moreover, VOCs have been reported to alter critical biological reactions such as cell growth, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, leading to tumor development and metastasis. Epidemiological investigations have found a link between certain VOCs and a higher probability of LCs. Benzene, formaldehyde, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are some of the most well-researched VOCs, with comprehensive data confirming their cancer-causing potential. Nevertheless, the possible health concerns linked with many more VOCs and their combined use remain unknown, necessitating further research. Identifying the toxicological consequences of VOCs in LCs is critical for establishing focused preventative tactics and therapeutic strategies. Better legislation and monitoring mechanisms can limit VOC contamination in occupational and environmental contexts, possibly reducing the prevalence of LCs. Developing VOC exposure indicators and analyzing their associations with genetic susceptibility characteristics may also aid in early identification and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Riya Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Neeraj Patel
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Khandwa Road, Village Umrikheda, Near Toll booth, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Popat Kumbhar
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416113, India
| | - John Disouza
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416113, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Chiavarini M, Rosignoli P, Sorbara B, Giacchetta I, Fabiani R. Benzene Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:205. [PMID: 38397694 PMCID: PMC10887806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of death with nearly 1.8 million deaths estimated worldwide in 2020. Although benzene is classified as a human carcinogen (Group 1) on the basis of its association with acute myeloid/non-lymphocytic leukaemia, there is still limited evidence that it may influence lung cancer risk. This study examined the potential link between benzene exposure and risk of lung cancer using a systematic review of epidemiological studies and meta-analysis. We searched through PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases up to 10 February 2023 to identify all articles on the association between benzene exposure and lung cancer (incidence or prevalence) and/or mortality. We extracted the risk estimates of the highest and the lowest reported categories of benzene exposure and conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity and publication bias were analysed using an I2 test and funnel plots asymmetry, respectively. Twenty-one studies were included in the final analysis, with a total of 10,750 lung cancer cases and 2899 lung cancer deaths. Overall, risk estimates of lung cancer prevalence and mortality in association with benzene exposure were 1.20 (n = 14; 95% CI 1.05-1.37) and 1.15 (n = 13; 95% CI 1.02-1.30), respectively. In all cases, heterogeneity was quite large, while no significant publication bias was observed. When only studies that adjusted for smoking habit were selected, the risk for lung cancer increased by up to 34% (n = 9; 95% CI 1.10-1.64). Our data, which show a strong association between benzene exposure and lung cancer risk, may have important public health implications. However, further studies are needed to identify the lung cancer risk associated with benzene exposure considering different smoking conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Chiavarini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Rosignoli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Beatrice Sorbara
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Irene Giacchetta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Public Heath, School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Roberto Fabiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
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Ricciardi F, Liverani S, Baio G. Dirichlet process mixture models for regression discontinuity designs. Stat Methods Med Res 2023; 32:55-70. [PMID: 36366738 DOI: 10.1177/09622802221129044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The regression discontinuity design is a quasi-experimental design that estimates the causal effect of a treatment when its assignment is defined by a threshold for a continuous variable. The regression discontinuity design assumes that subjects with measurements within a bandwidth around the threshold belong to a common population, so that the threshold can be seen as a randomising device assigning treatment to those falling just above the threshold and withholding it from those who fall below. Bandwidth selection represents a compelling decision for the regression discontinuity design analysis as results may be highly sensitive to its choice. A few methods to select the optimal bandwidth, mainly from the econometric literature, have been proposed. However, their use in practice is limited. We propose a methodology that, tackling the problem from an applied point of view, considers units' exchangeability, that is, their similarity with respect to measured covariates, as the main criteria to select subjects for the analysis, irrespectively of their distance from the threshold. We cluster the sample using a Dirichlet process mixture model to identify balanced and homogeneous clusters. Our proposal exploits the posterior similarity matrix, which contains the pairwise probabilities that two observations are allocated to the same cluster in the Markov chain Monte Carlo sample. Thus we include in the regression discontinuity design analysis only those clusters for which we have stronger evidence of exchangeability. We illustrate the validity of our methodology with both a simulated experiment and a motivating example on the effect of statins on cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Liverani
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Baio
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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Brey C, Consonni D, Sarquis LMM, Miranda FMD. Lung cancer and occupational exposure: hospital-based case-control study. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022; 43:e20210043. [PMID: 35920477 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210043.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between occupation and lung cancer in patients at a national referral hospital for cancer care in southern Brazil. METHOD Hospital-based case-control study conducted between February and October 2019. Occupational histories were coded according to international classifications and translated into occupations associated with lung cancer (List A and B). The odds ratios were adjusted for smoking, with a 95% confidence interval, calculated by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS 99 cases and 227 controls were included. Among men, the occupation of painters (list A) was associated with lung cancer (OR = 14.3; 95% CI: 1.8-116.5), there were no occupations in list B associated with lung cancer. In women, no increased risks were found. CONCLUSIONS It has been shown that exposure to occupational carcinogens among repair and construction painters increases the risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Brey
- Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR), Coordenação de Enfermagem. Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Dario Consonni
- Università degli Studi di Milano (UNIMI). Clinica Del Lavoro. Milano, Lombardia, Italia
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Brey C, Consonni D, Sarquis LMM, Miranda FMD. Câncer de pulmão e exposição ocupacional: estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210043.pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a relação entre ocupação e câncer de pulmão em pacientes de um hospital de referência nacional para atendimento oncológico no Sul do Brasil. Método Estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar realizado entre fevereiro e outubro de 2019. Os históricos ocupacionais foram codificados de acordo com classificações internacionais e traduzidos em ocupações associadas ao câncer de pulmão (Lista A e B). As odds ratios foram ajustadas para tabagismo, com intervalo de confiança de 95%, calculadas por regressão logística condicional. Resultados Foram incluídos 99 casos e 227 controles. Entre os homens a ocupação de pintores (lista A) estava associada ao câncer de pulmão (OR= 14,3; IC 95%: 1,8-116,5), não houve ocupações da lista B associadas ao câncer de pulmão. Nas mulheres não foram encontrados riscos aumentados. Conclusões Evidenciou-se que a exposição aos carcinógenos ocupacionais entre pintores de reparo e da construção civil aumentam o risco de câncer de pulmão.
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Belloni M, Laurent O, Guihenneuc C, Ancelet S. Bayesian Profile Regression to Deal With Multiple Highly Correlated Exposures and a Censored Survival Outcome. First Application in Ionizing Radiation Epidemiology. Front Public Health 2020; 8:557006. [PMID: 33194957 PMCID: PMC7652768 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.557006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As multifactorial and chronic diseases, cancers are among these pathologies for which the exposome concept is essential to gain more insight into the associated etiology and, ultimately, lead to better primary prevention strategies for public health. Indeed, cancers result from the combined influence of many genetic, environmental and behavioral stressors that may occur simultaneously and interact. It is thus important to properly account for multifactorial exposure patterns when estimating specific cancer risks at individual or population level. Nevertheless, the risk factors, especially environmental, are still too often considered in isolation in epidemiological studies. Moreover, major statistical difficulties occur when exposures to several factors are highly correlated due, for instance, to common sources shared by several pollutants. Suitable statistical methods must then be used to deal with these multicollinearity issues. In this work, we focused on the specific problem of estimating a disease risk from highly correlated environmental exposure covariates and a censored survival outcome. We extended Bayesian profile regression mixture (PRM) models to this context by assuming an instantaneous excess hazard ratio disease sub-model. The proposed hierarchical model incorporates an underlying truncated Dirichlet process mixture as an attribution sub-model. A specific adaptive Metropolis-Within-Gibbs algorithm-including label switching moves-was implemented to infer the model. This allows simultaneously clustering individuals with similar risks and similar exposure characteristics and estimating the associated risk for each group. Our Bayesian PRM model was applied to the estimation of the risk of death by lung cancer in a cohort of French uranium miners who were chronically and occupationally exposed to multiple and correlated sources of ionizing radiation. Several groups of uranium miners with high risk and low risk of death by lung cancer were identified and characterized by specific exposure profiles. Interestingly, our case study illustrates a limit of MCMC algorithms to fit full Bayesian PRM models even if the updating schemes for the cluster labels incorporate label-switching moves. Then, although this paper shows that Bayesian PRM models are promising tools for exposome research, it also opens new avenues for methodological research in this class of probabilistic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Belloni
- PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LEPID, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Laurent
- PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LEPID, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Guihenneuc
- Université de Paris, Unité de Recherche “Biostatistique, Traitement et Modélisation des données biologiques” BioSTM - UR 7537, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Ancelet
- PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LEPID, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Paris, France
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Ketfi A, Zanoun N, Laouedj I, Gharnaout M, Fraga S. [Primary lung cancer and occupational exposure in a North African population]. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 37:120. [PMID: 33425153 PMCID: PMC7755360 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.120.21755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Les cancers broncho-pulmonaires (CBP) sont parmi les cancers les plus fréquents, de pronostic redoutable, l´origine professionnelle est fréquente, mais souvent sous-estimés. L'objectif était d´évaluer la proportion des Cancers Broncho-pulmonaires (CBP) présumés d´origine professionnelle et de rechercher la relation entre la nature de l´exposition et le type histologique du CBP. Cette étude épidémiologique rétrospective, a été réalisée au service de pneumologie de l´Etablissement Public Hospitalier (EPH) de Rouïba. Entre janvier 2014 et juin 2019, nous avons colligé 357 cas atteints de CBP avec preuve histologique. Le recueil des histoires médicales et professionnelles fut effectué. Les matrices emploi-exposition ont été utilisées pour le repérage des différentes expositions professionnelles. La population d´étude comprenait 357 patients dont la moyenne d´âge était de 63,9±11,1 ans et un sex-ratio de 7,4 hommes pour une femme. Il y avait 76,5% des sujets qui fumaient ou avaient fumé en moyenne 42 P/A. Le type histologique était dans 88,8% un carcinome bronchique non à petite cellule. L'ensemble des professions étudiées seraient responsables de 50,7% des cancers bronchiques primitifs, dont 26,5% pour les professions de chauffeurs poids lourds et conducteurs d´engins. L´imputabilité des cancers broncho-pulmonaires (CBP) à l´origine professionnelle est loin d´être négligeable mais souvent méconnue; du fait du caractère multifactoriel et du temps de latence entre l´exposition et l´apparition de la maladie, avec un impact sur le type histologique du cancer broncho-pulmonaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbassat Ketfi
- Service de Pneumologie, de Phtisiologie et d´Allergologie, Hôpital de Rouiba, Université d´Alger 1, Faculté de Médecine d´Alger, Alger, Algérie
| | - Nacima Zanoun
- Service d'Epidémiologie et de Médecine Préventive, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bab El Oued, Université d´Alger, Faculté de Médecine d´Alger 1, Alger, Algérie
| | - Imene Laouedj
- Service de Pneumologie, de Phtisiologie et d´Allergologie, Hôpital de Rouiba, Université d´Alger 1, Faculté de Médecine d´Alger, Alger, Algérie
| | - Merzak Gharnaout
- Service de Pneumologie, de Phtisiologie et d´Allergologie, Hôpital de Rouiba, Université d´Alger 1, Faculté de Médecine d´Alger, Alger, Algérie
| | - Seid Fraga
- Service de Médecine du Travail, Etablissement Public Hospitalier de Rouiba, Faculté de Médecine, Université d´Alger 1, Alger, Algérie
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Abstract
AbstractIn this paper we propose a Dirichlet process mixture model for censored survival data with covariates. This model is suitable in two scenarios. First, this method can be used to identify clusters determined by both the censored survival data and the predictors. Second, this method is suitable for highly correlated predictors, in cases when the usual survival models cannot be implemented because they would be unstable due to multicollinearity. The Dirichlet process mixture model links a response vector to covariate data through cluster membership and in this paper this model is extended for mixtures of Weibull distributions, which can be used to model survival times and also allow for censoring. We propose two variants of this model, one with a shape parameter common to all clusters (referred to as a global parameter) for the Weibull distributions and one with a cluster-specific shape parameter. The first satisfies the proportional hazard assumption, while the latter is very flexible, as it has the advantage of allowing estimation of the survival curve whether or not the proportional hazards assumption is satisfied. We present a simulation study and, to demonstrate the applicability of the method in practice, a real application to sleep surveys in older women from The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. The method developed in the paper is available in the R package PReMiuM.
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Liu X, Liverani S, Smith KJ, Yu K. Modeling tails for collinear data with outliers in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing: Quantile profile regression. Biom J 2020; 62:916-931. [PMID: 31957080 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201900146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Research has shown that high blood glucose levels are important predictors of incident diabetes. However, they are also strongly associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors such as high blood pressure, adiposity, and cholesterol, which are also highly correlated with one another. The aim of this analysis was to ascertain how these highly correlated cardiometabolic risk factors might be associated with high levels of blood glucose in older adults aged 50 or older from wave 2 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Due to the high collinearity of predictor variables and our interest in extreme values of blood glucose we proposed a new method, called quantile profile regression, to answer this question. Profile regression, a Bayesian nonparametric model for clustering responses and covariates simultaneously, is a powerful tool to model the relationship between a response variable and covariates, but the standard approach of using a mixture of Gaussian distributions for the response model will not identify the underlying clusters correctly, particularly with outliers in the data or heavy tail distribution of the response. Therefore, we propose quantile profile regression to model the response variable with an asymmetric Laplace distribution, allowing us to model more accurately clusters that are asymmetric and predict more accurately for extreme values of the response variable and/or outliers. Our new method performs more accurately in simulations when compared to Normal profile regression approach as well as robustly when outliers are present in the data. We conclude with an analysis of the ELSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Mathematics, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Silvia Liverani
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,The Alan Turing Institute, The British Library, London, UK
| | - Kimberley J Smith
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Keming Yu
- Department of Mathematics, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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Vakhitova ZI, Alston-Knox CL, Reynald DM, Townsley MK, Webster JL. Lifestyles and routine activities: Do they enable different types of cyber abuse? COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hernández Martín MM, Romero-Saldaña M, Pacheco Del Cerro JL, Alonso-Safont T, Molina-Recio G, Meneses Monroy A. Occupational and work-related disease underestimated and linked to temporary disability through Primary Health Care Services. J Nurs Manag 2019; 27:1140-1147. [PMID: 31074904 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the occupational disease linked to temporary incapacity (not work-related illness). BACKGROUND The under-reporting of occupational disease is a recognized problem in Europe. METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted in Spanish adult population using periods of temporary incapacity recorded in primary care during 2015. Rates of occupational disease were estimated using the García & Gadea study. RESULTS A total of 130,771 episodes of temporary incapacity were studied from 91,448 people, and 56,092 were women (61.3%). The overall prevalence rate was 2,096 and was higher in women (2,504) than in men (1,665) (p < 0.001). It was estimated that 6,580 (7.2%) could be suffering from an occupational disease. Musculoskeletal complaints were the commonest, affecting 75,165 people (82.2%). For the binary logistic regression, the dependent variable was the existence or lack of incapacity due to a musculoskeletal pathology. Age acts as a protective factor (adjusted OR = 0.978). The periods off work due to musculoskeletal complaints are lower in the first quarter of the year [OR > 1; p < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS 7.2% of the population was estimated to be off work due to an occupational disease. This estimate reflects the well-known under-reporting of occupational diseases which are dealt with by the Public Health System instead of specialized clinics. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT The interdisciplinary role of the occupational health nurse makes it an adequate professional to detect the cases of occupational diseases in primary care settings. Occupational Health Nursing has been recognized by the managers as the most suitable professionals to carry out the screening of occupational diseases in Primary Care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Luis Pacheco Del Cerro
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Molina-Recio
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Meneses Monroy
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Coker E, Liverani S, Su JG, Molitor J. Multi-pollutant Modeling Through Examination of Susceptible Subpopulations Using Profile Regression. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:59-69. [PMID: 29427169 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The inter-correlated nature of exposure-based risk factors in environmental health studies makes it a challenge to determine their combined effect on health outcomes. As such, there has been much research of late regarding the development and utilization of methods in the field of multi-pollutant modeling. However, much of this work has focused on issues related to variable selection in a regression context, with the goal of identifying which exposures are the "bad actors" most responsible for affecting the health outcome of interest. However, the question addressed by these approaches does not necessarily represent the only or most important questions of interest in a multi-pollutant modeling context, where researchers may be interested in health effects from co-exposure patterns and in identifying subpopulations associated with patterns defined by different levels of constituent exposures. RECENT FINDINGS One approach to analyzing multi-pollutant data is to use a method known as Bayesian profile regression, which aids in identifying susceptible subpopulations associated with exposure mixtures defined by different levels of each exposure. Identification of exposure-level patterns that correspond to a location may provide a starting point for policy-based exposure reduction. Also, in a spatial context, identification of locations with the most health-relevant exposure-mixture profiles might provide further policy relevant information. In this brief report, we review and describe an approach that can be used to identify exposures in subpopulations or locations known as Bayesian profile regression. An example is provided in which we examine associations between air pollutants, an indicator of healthy food retailer availability, and indicators of poverty in Los Angeles County. A general tread suggesting that vulnerable individuals are more highly exposed and have limited access to healthy food retailers is observed, though the associations are complex and non-linear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Coker
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Silvia Liverani
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Jason G Su
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-7360, USA
| | - John Molitor
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
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Warden H, Richardson H, Richardson L, Siemiatycki J, Ho V. Associations between occupational exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene and risk of lung cancer in Montréal. Occup Environ Med 2018; 75:696-702. [PMID: 29764994 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2017-104987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) are aromatic hydrocarbons with inconclusive evidence of lung carcinogenicity. The aim of this research was to assess the associations between occupational exposures to BTX agents and lung cancer. METHODS In a population-based case-control study of lung cancer, occupational histories were obtained and exposures were assessed by experts. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs, among men, between various metrics of occupational exposure to BTX and lung cancer, while adjusting for established and possible risk factors. RESULTS Considerable overlap was found between occupational exposure to BTX, where the majority of exposed participants were exposed to all three chemicals. Lung cancer was associated with exposure to benzene (OR=1.35; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.84), toluene (OR=1.31; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.74) and xylene (OR=1.44; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.01). While these results were adjusted for smoking and other recognised and possible lung cancer risk factors, they were not mutually adjusted among the three BTX agents. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides suggestive evidence that occupational exposure to one or more of the BTX agents may be associated with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Warden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harriet Richardson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lesley Richardson
- University of Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- University of Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- University of Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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14
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Ben Khedher S, Neri M, Guida F, Matrat M, Cenée S, Sanchez M, Radoi L, Menvielle G, Marrer E, Luce D, Stücker I. Occupational exposure to textile dust and lung cancer risk: Results from the ICARE Study. Am J Ind Med 2018; 61:216-228. [PMID: 29281122 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the association of lung cancer with occupational exposure to textile dust and specifically to cotton dust in the population-based case-control study ICARE. METHODS Lifelong occupational history of 2926 cases and 3555 controls was collected using standardized questionnaires, with specific questions for textile dust exposure. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models controlling for confounding factors including smoking and asbestos exposure. RESULTS An inverse association between textile dust exposure and lung cancer was found among workers exposed ≥5% of their work time (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.58-1.09), more pronounced for distant exposures (40+ years; up to a 56% reduced risk, statistically significant). The OR of lung cancer was significantly decreased among workers exposed to cotton fibers (OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.48-0.97). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide some evidence of a decreased risk of lung cancer associated with exposure to textile dust, particularly cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Ben Khedher
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Monica Neri
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Florence Guida
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Mireille Matrat
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine IFR 10, University Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil Cedex, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Service de Pneumologie et de Pathologie Professionnelle, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Cenée
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Sanchez
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Loredana Radoi
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France
| | | | - Danièle Luce
- INSERM, U 1085_IRSET, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
- University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Stücker
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de Médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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15
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Dumas O, Despreaux T, Perros F, Lau E, Andujar P, Humbert M, Montani D, Descatha A. Respiratory effects of trichloroethylene. Respir Med 2017; 134:47-53. [PMID: 29413507 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a chlorinated solvent that has been used widely around the world in the twentieth century for metal degreasing and dry cleaning. Although TCE displays general toxicity and is classified as a human carcinogen, the association between TCE exposure and respiratory disorders are conflicting. In this review we aimed to systematically evaluate the current evidence for the respiratory effects of TCE exposure and the implications for the practicing clinician. There is limited evidence of an increased risk of lung cancer associated with TCE exposure based on animal and human data. However, the effect of other chlorinated solvents and mixed solvent exposure should be further investigated. Limited data are available to support an association between TCE exposure and respiratory tract disorders such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, or rhinitis. The most consistent data is the association of TCE with autoimmune and vascular diseases such as systemic sclerosis and pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. Although recent data are reassuring regarding the absence of an increased lung cancer risk with TCE exposure, clinicians should be aware of other potential respiratory effects of TCE. In particular, occupational exposure to TCE has been linked to less common conditions such as systemic sclerosis and pulmonary veno-occlusive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orianne Dumas
- Inserm, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - Thomas Despreaux
- Inserm, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; AP-HP UVSQ, Occupational Health Unit/Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011, University Hospital of Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Frédéric Perros
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94270, France; AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94270, France; UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire D'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, F-92350, France
| | - Edmund Lau
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Pascal Andujar
- CHI Créteil, Service de Pneumologie et Pathologie Professionnelle, F-94000, Creteil, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94270, France; AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94270, France; UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire D'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, F-92350, France
| | - David Montani
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94270, France; AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94270, France; UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire D'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, F-92350, France
| | - Alexis Descatha
- Inserm, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; AP-HP UVSQ, Occupational Health Unit/Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011, University Hospital of Poincaré, Garches, France.
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16
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Montani D, Dumas O, Despréaux T, Humbert M, Descatha A. [Lungs and solvents: Dangerous liaisons]. Rev Mal Respir 2016; 33:652-653. [PMID: 27157065 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Montani
- Université Paris-Sud, faculté de médecine, université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service de pneumologie, hôpital Bicêtre, Centre national de référence de l'hypertension pulmonaire sévère, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Inserm UMR S 999, hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - O Dumas
- Inserm UMR-S 1168, vieillissement et maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologiques et de santé publique (VIMA), 94807 Villejuif, France; UMR-S 1168, université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - T Despréaux
- Inserm UMR-S 1168, vieillissement et maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologiques et de santé publique (VIMA), 94807 Villejuif, France; UMR-S 1168, université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 94807 Villejuif, France; Unité hospitalo-universitaire de santé professionnelle, CHU Poincaré, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 92380 Garches, France
| | - M Humbert
- Université Paris-Sud, faculté de médecine, université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service de pneumologie, hôpital Bicêtre, Centre national de référence de l'hypertension pulmonaire sévère, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Inserm UMR S 999, hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - A Descatha
- Inserm UMR-S 1168, vieillissement et maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologiques et de santé publique (VIMA), 94807 Villejuif, France; UMR-S 1168, université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 94807 Villejuif, France; Unité hospitalo-universitaire de santé professionnelle, CHU Poincaré, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 92380 Garches, France
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