Gestational macromastia not responding to termination of pregnancy

Gestational Gigantomastia

Gestational gigantomastia is a rare condition characterized by fast, disproportionate and excessive breast growth, decreased quality of life in pregnancy, and presence of psychologic as well as physical complications. The etiology is not fully understood, although hormonal changes in pregnancy are considered responsible. Prolactin is the most important hormone. To date, 125 cases of gigantomastia have been reported in the literature. In this case presentation, we report a pregnant woman aged 26 years with a 22-week gestational age with gestational gigantomastia and review the diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease in relation with the literature.

A Rare Case of Gestational Gigantomastia with Hypercalcemia: The Challenges of Management and Follow up

BACKGROUND

Gigantomastia is a breast disorder marked by exaggerated rapid growth of the breasts, generally bilaterally. Since this disorder is very rare and has been reported only in sparse case reports its etiology has yet to be fully established. Treatment is aimed at improving the clinical and psychological symptoms and reducing the treatment side effects; however, the best therapeutic option varies from case to case.

CASE PRESENTATION

The present report described a case of gestational gigantomastia in a 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, parity 1, 17 week pregnant admitted to Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran, on May 2014. The patient was admitted to hospital at week 17 of pregnancy, although her breasts initially had begun to enlarge from the first trimester. The patient developed hypercalcemia in her 32nd week of pregnancy. The present report followed this patient from diagnosis until the completion of treatment.

CONCLUSION

Although gestational gigantomastia is a rare condition, its timely prognosis and careful examination of some conditions like hyperprolactinemia and hypercalcemia is essential in successful management of this condition.

Management and follow-up of a case of gestational gigantomastia in a brazilian hospital

Gigantomastia is a breast disorder that is associated with an exaggerated, rapid growth of the breasts, generally bilaterally. Since the pathology is rare and has seldom been described, its etiology has yet to be fully established, although there are speculations that a hormonal component may play an important role. Treatment is aimed at improving the clinical and psychological symptoms; however, the best therapeutic option varies from case to case. The present report describes a case of gestational gigantomastia seen at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, in a primigravida in the second trimester of pregnancy. The report follows this patient from her diagnosis until the completion of treatment with a third and final surgical procedure.

A unique cause of a rare disorder, unilateral macromastia due to lymphangiomatosis of the breast: a case report

Macromastia and in particular unilateral macromastia is a rare clinical entity. It relates to massive enlargement of the breast in non-obese women. This case report describes an initially mild unilateral asymmetry occurring nine months postpartum in a 33-year-old female. However, following her second pregnancy within 12 months, her left breast became severely enlarged. This did not improve on delivery. No discrete lesion was seen on imaging and no significant abnormalities were seen in her blood chemistry. Surgical treatment was a mammoplasty and 580 g of mammary tissue was removed. Grossly, there was spongiform subcutaneous tissue with diffuse extension. On histology, this consisted of a highly complex and diffuse pattern of infiltration and of cavernous empty channels lined by a delicate attenuated endothelium which was CD34 and D2-40 positive. The appearances were consistent with lymphangiomatosis, more commonly encountered in the limbs, heretofore. Lymphangiomatosis has not been previously described in breast tissue and only a single case report exists for such a lesion in axillary tissue. Treatment of such lesions in the periphery by surgical excision is very difficult and excision without being radical can be impossible. Follow up of our patient, shows no evidence of recurrence in this patient. Our case report describes the clinicopathological features, differential diagnosis to be considered and treatment, in addition to reviewing the relevant literature.

Gigantomastia and autoimmunity: a case report

Gigantomastia is a rare breast condition characterised by diffuse, rapid, and excessive breast hypertrophy that can result in symptoms ranging from pain to necrosis and sepsis. It typically occurs in the setting of marked hormonal changes such as puberty and pregnancy. Rarely, gigantomastia has been reported to develop in the setting of an autoimmune illness. We present a case of gigantomastia developing in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, who was treated with methotrexate and bilateral mammoplasty.