1
|
Leduc L, Leclère M, Lavoie JP. Towards personalized medicine for the treatment of equine asthma. Vet J 2024:106125. [PMID: 38704018 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Although horses with asthma share similar clinical signs, the heterogeneity of the disease in terms of severity, triggering factors, inflammatory profile, and pathological features has hindered our ability to define biologically distinct subgroups. The recognition of phenotypes and endotypes could enable the development of precision medicine, including personalized, targeted therapy, to benefit affected horses. While in its infancy in horses, this review outlines the phenotypes of equine asthma and discusses how knowledge gained from targeted therapy in human medicine can be applied to evaluate the potential opportunities for personalized medicine in equine asthma and to suggest avenues for research to advance this emerging field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Leduc
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Mathilde Leclère
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
van den Brom-Spierenburg AJ, Mureșan AN, Westermann CM. Antimicrobial Prescription Behavior in Equine Asthma Cases: An International Survey. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:457. [PMID: 38338101 PMCID: PMC10854497 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Equine asthma is considered a non-infectious respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and hypersensitivity. Given the importance of antimicrobial stewardship, an international survey was designed to investigate the use of antimicrobials in asthmatic horses and the factors influencing prescription behavior. An online survey was distributed in six languages by international mailing lists and social media from December 2020 to January 2022. Of the 434 responses recorded, 249 veterinarians working in 25 countries finished the survey. These included 79 ECEIM/ACVIM diplomats. A total of 204 respondents confirmed national regulations concerning antimicrobial use in their country. Knowledge of the asthma definitions as presented in the revised ACVIM consensus statement was greater in veterinarians treating over 95% of equine patients compared to veterinarians treating more species, based on 10 questions (answers consistent with the consensus statement in 7 (IQR 5-9) and 4 (IQR 3-6) questions, respectively, (p < 0.001)). A total of 131 respondents stated to use antimicrobials (at least 'sometimes') in at least one of the three presented cases consistent with equine asthma. Trimethoprim-Sulfa combinations, penicillin(s), and tetracyclines were prescribed most (by 105, 53 and 38 veterinarians, respectively). Aminoglycosides, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were also selected (22, 15, 9 veterinarians respectively). Tetracyclines and cephalosporins are prescribed more often by veterinarians working without national regulations (p 0.019 and p 0.035, respectively). The most selected factors influencing prescription behavior were: 'tracheal wash culture' (62% of 131 veterinarians using antimicrobials in these cases), 'whether other horses in the barn have similar complaints' (60%), and 'response to other forms of therapy' (53%). In conclusion, insight into prescription behavior is the first step towards minimizing and optimizing antimicrobial use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra N. Mureșan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cornélie M. Westermann
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 114, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The Association between Previous Antibiotic Consumption and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030587. [PMID: 36978453 PMCID: PMC10044412 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection is complex and not yet fully elucidated, being related to many variables; these include human microbiome and immune status, which are both affected for a long period by antibiotic use. We therefore aimed to examine the association of previous antibiotic consumption and SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large-scale population-based study with control of known confounders. Methods: A matched case–control study was performed utilizing the electronic medical records of a large Health Maintenance Organization. Cases were subjects with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 31,260), matched individually (1:4 ratio) to controls without a positive SARS-CoV-2 test (n = 125,039). The possible association between previous antibiotic use and SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by comparing antibiotic consumption in the previous 6 and 12 months between the cases and controls. For each antibiotic consumed we calculated the odds ratio (OR) for documented SARS-CoV-2 infection, 95% confidence interval (CI), and p-value using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The association between previous antibiotic consumption and SARS-CoV-2 infection was complex and bi-directional. In the multivariate analysis, phenoxymethylpenicillin was associated with increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 1.110, 95% CI: 1.036–1.191) while decreased rates were associated with previous consumption of trimethoprim-sulfonamides (OR 0.783, 95% CI: 0.632–0.971) and azithromycin (OR 0.882, 95% CI: 0.829–0.938). Fluroquinolones were associated with decreased rates (OR 0.923, 95% CI: 0.861–0.989) only in the univariate analysis. Previous consumption of other antibiotics had no significant association with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: Previous consumption of certain antibiotic agents has an independent significant association with increased or decreased rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Plausible mechanisms, that should be further elucidated, are mainly antibiotic effects on the human microbiome and immune modulation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu S, Tian X, Mao Q, Peng C. Azithromycin attenuates wheezing after pulmonary inflammation through inhibiting histone H3K27me3 hypermethylation mediated by EZH2. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:12. [PMID: 36691058 PMCID: PMC9872437 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone methylation modification plays an irreplaceable role in the wheezing diseases. The aim of this study was to explore whether azithromycin (AZM) attenuates post-inflammatory wheezing through inhibiting hypermethylation of histone H3K27me3 mediated by EZH2. RESULTS A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 227 children who underwent fiber-optic bronchoscopy, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for analyses. The expressions of IL-6, IL-2, NF-κB P65, EZH2 and H3K27me3 in the BALF of wheezing cases were significantly increased when compared with levels in non-wheezing cases (P < 0.05), while IL-10 was decreased (P < 0.05). AZM attenuated the overexpression of NF-κB P65, EZH2 and H3K27me3 in wheezing cases (P < 0.05) and shortened the time of wheezing in wheezing cases (P < 0.05). An in vitro model of inflammation was established using rat alveolar macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). AZM, SN50 (a NK-κB inhibitor) and GSK126 (an EZH2 inhibitor) attenuated the overexpression of EZH2, NF-κB P65 and H3K27me3 induced by LPS in rat alveolar macrophages (P < 0.05). AZM, SN50 and GSK126 normalized the decreased expression of IL-10 induced by LPS in the same samples (P < 0.05). Co-immunoprecipitation results showed that H3K27me3 interacted with EZH2 and NF-κB P65, and immunofluorescence data showed that AZM and SN50 inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB P65 nuclear translocation in rat alveolar macrophages. CONCLUSION Histone H3K27me3 hypermethylation mediated by EZH2 may be involved in wheezing after pulmonary inflammation. AZM attenuated wheezing after pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB P65-related hypermethylation of H3K27me3 mediated by EZH2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Street, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Street, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Street, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Street, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Immunomodulatory Effects of Macrolides Considering Evidence from Human and Veterinary Medicine. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122438. [PMID: 36557690 PMCID: PMC9784682 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrolide antimicrobial agents have been in clinical use for more than 60 years in both human and veterinary medicine. The discovery of the non-antimicrobial properties of macrolides and the effect of immunomodulation of the inflammatory response has benefited patients with chronic airway diseases and impacted morbidity and mortality. This review examines the evidence of antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial properties of macrolides in human and veterinary medicine with a focus toward veterinary macrolides but including important and relevant evidence from the human literature. The complete story for these complex and important molecules is continuing to be written.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rutledge JJ, Paegelow J, Ritchey J, Singh A, Rizzi T, Murray C, Gilliam L, Crisman E, Williams NJ, Holbrook TC. Nebulized glycosylated caffeic acid phenylether ester attenuation of environmental particulate-induced airway inflammation in horses. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:958567. [PMID: 36406065 PMCID: PMC9669659 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.958567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the extent that nebulized glycosylated caffeic acid phenylether ester-4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (G-CAPE) attenuates particulate-induced airway inflammation in healthy horses. Our hypothesis was that nebulization with G-CAPE would result in improved respiratory scores, higher arterial oxygen partial pressure, and less inflammatory airway infiltrates in horses with induced airway inflammation, compared with untreated controls. Five healthy adult horses were housed inside a climate controlled, closed barn on straw bedding and fed ad lib moldy grass hay for 16 days to induce airway inflammation. An experimental crossover study was performed in which animals were treated with 200 mg G-CAPE dissolved in 45 mL of 10% triethanolamine (G-CAPE group) or 45 mL of 10% triethanolamine (CONTROL group), and clinical respiratory scoring, arterial blood gases, and bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) were collected at predetermined time points up to 24 h post nebulization. While the mean neutrophil percentage decreased in treated horses compared to controls (9.3 ± 2.0 and 16.9 ± 2.4, respectively) at 6 hours post treatment (t = 6 h), the difference did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.1154). Blood gas analysis did not differ significantly between groups. There was a significant difference in the mean respiratory scores of G-CAPE-treated horses between baseline and at 1-h post treatment (from 3.2 ± 0.7 to 1.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.0013). This study demonstrates that a single nebulized dose of G-CAPE decreased clinical respiratory scores 1 h post administration and decreased BAL percentage of neutrophils 6 h post administration in horses with particulate induced airway inflammation. This compound shows promise as an anti-inflammatory and warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J. Rutledge
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Jillian Paegelow
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Jerry Ritchey
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Theresa Rizzi
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Cynthia Murray
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States
| | - Lyndi Gilliam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Evan Crisman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Natasha J. Williams
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Todd C. Holbrook
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Todd C. Holbrook
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Armstrong SK, Blacklock B, Keen J, Peck FS. Successful management of a unilateral persistent epithelial defect secondary to meibomian gland dysfunction in an Irish Sports Horse using a multi‐modal treatment plan. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan K. Armstrong
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Ben Blacklock
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - John Keen
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Fraser S. Peck
- Ophthalmology Kent, Surrey, and Sussex Health Education London UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mainguy-Seers S, Boivin R, Pourali Dogaheh S, Beaudry F, Hélie P, Bonilla AG, Martin JG, Lavoie JP. Effects of azithromycin on bronchial remodeling in the natural model of severe neutrophilic asthma in horses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:446. [PMID: 35013387 PMCID: PMC8748876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid resistance in asthma has been associated with neutrophilic inflammation and severe manifestations of the disease. Macrolide add-on therapy can improve the quality of life and the exacerbation rate in refractory cases, possibly with greater effectiveness in neutrophilic phenotypes. The mechanisms leading to these beneficial effects are incompletely understood and whether macrolides potentiate the modulation of bronchial remodeling induced by inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine if adding azithromycin to ICS leads to further improvement of lung function, airway inflammation and bronchial remodeling in severe asthma. The combination of azithromycin (10 mg/kg q48h PO) and inhaled fluticasone (2500 µg q12h) was compared to the sole administration of fluticasone for five months in a randomized blind trial where the lung function, airway inflammation and bronchial remodeling (histomorphometry of central and peripheral airways and endobronchial ultrasound) of horses with severe neutrophilic asthma were assessed. Although the proportional reduction of airway neutrophilia was significantly larger in the group receiving azithromycin, the lung function and the peripheral and central airway smooth muscle mass decreased similarly in both groups. Despite a better control of airway neutrophilia, azithromycin did not potentiate the other clinical effects of fluticasone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mainguy-Seers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Roxane Boivin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada.,Laboratoire de Sciences Judiciaires Et de Médecine Légale, Ministère de La Sécurité Publique, Montreal, QC, H2K 3S7, Canada
| | - Sheila Pourali Dogaheh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Francis Beaudry
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Pierre Hélie
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Alvaro G Bonilla
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Montgomery JB. Beyond steroids and bronchodilators - investigating additional therapies for horses with severe equine asthma. Vet Rec 2020; 185:140-142. [PMID: 31371680 DOI: 10.1136/vr.l4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia B Montgomery
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| |
Collapse
|