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Stefanova EP, Quesada-Canales Ó, Paz-Sánchez Y, Caballero MJ, Quintana-Montesdeoca MDP, Espinosa de Los Monteros A, Rivero MA, Castro A, Pérez V, Andrada M. Morphological Assessment of Concomitant Lesions Detected in Goat Herds Naturally Infected with Paratuberculosis (Johne's Disease). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101693. [PMID: 37238123 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Paratuberculosis (PTB), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), causes significant financial losses in the ruminant industry. The aim of this study is to describe the concomitant pathological findings as well as PTB-induced lesions in 39 naturally infected goats (15 vaccinated and 24 non-vaccinated). All animals exhibited MAP-induced microscopic lesions affecting target organs, although only 62% of those were detected grossly. Mainly concomitant inflammatory pathologies were recognized affecting the hemolymphatic, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Non-vaccinated animals exhibited both moderate and marked granulomatous enteritis in contrast with vaccinated ones which presented mild intestinal affection. Our results demonstrate that non-vaccinated animals presented pneumonia in all age groups studied (from 12 up to >48 months old). A significantly higher prevalence of ileocecal valve PTB lesions was detected in non-vaccinated animals with pneumonic lesions (p = 0.027). Furthermore, a reduction of gastrointestinal non-PTB processes was described in vaccinated goats. In conclusion, a PTB infected goat herd can be affected by a wide range of concomitant pathologies, mostly inflammatory in origin. Anatomic pathology is of crucial importance for correct herd diagnosis and histopathology is an indispensable tool for lesion detection. Additionally, anti-MAP vaccination could have a beneficial effect on the reduction of respiratory and gastrointestinal non-PTB diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Plamenova Stefanova
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Óscar Quesada-Canales
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yania Paz-Sánchez
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María José Caballero
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Espinosa de Los Monteros
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miguel Antonio Rivero
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ayoze Castro
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), 24346 Grulleros, Spain
| | - Marisa Andrada
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departament of Morphology, Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
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Molecular Characterization of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated over a 15-Year Period in Switzerland. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8080151. [PMID: 34437473 PMCID: PMC8402737 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8080151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis biovar Ovis is the etiological agent of the contagious and chronic disease caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in sheep and goats. The economic impact of CLA in Switzerland remains largely unknown, and the transmission modalities, as well as the genetic diversity of circulating strains, are poorly understood. This work presents further characterization data for 215 C. pseudotuberculosis isolates from sheep, goats and a dromedary originating from Switzerland and the Principality of Liechtenstein, collected over a 15-year period. The isolates were classified into the two biovars Ovis and Equi, analyzed for the presence of the diphtheria-like toxin gene and characterized using MLSA. All sheep and goat isolates were classified as C. pseudotuberculosis biovar Ovis. The isolate from a dromedary was classified as biovar Equi. No isolates harboring the diphtheria-like toxin gene were detected. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated sequences of four genes revealed the existence of 24 clusters. There was no correlation between MLSA sequence types, year of isolation and the geographical origin of the isolates. These findings confirm the presence of several MLSA sequence types in the study area and over a 15-year period. Moreover, no sheep- and goat-specific MLSA sequence types were found.
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