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Hađina S, Bruvo Mađarić B, Kazazić S, Paradžik T, Reljić S, Pinter L, Huber Đ, Vujaklija D. Malassezia pachydermatis from brown bear: A comprehensive analysis reveals novel genotypes and distribution of all detected variants in domestic and wild animals. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1151107. [PMID: 37275156 PMCID: PMC10236562 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1151107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malassezia pachydermatis (phylum Basidiomycota, class Malasseziomycetes) is a zoophilic opportunistic pathogen with recognized potential for invasive infections in humans. Although this pathogenic yeast is widespread in nature, it has been primarily studied in domestic animals, so available data on its genotypes in the wild are limited. In this study, 80 yeast isolates recovered from 42 brown bears (Ursus arctos) were identified as M. pachydermatis by a culture-based approach. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) was used to endorse conventional identification. The majority of samples exhibited a high score fluctuation, with 42.5% of isolates generating the best scores in the range confident only for genus identification. However, the use of young biomass significantly improved the identification of M. pachydermatis at the species confidence level (98.8%). Importantly, the same MALDI-TOF MS efficiency would be achieved regardless of colony age if the cut-off value was lowered to ≥1.7. Genotyping of LSU, ITS1, CHS2, and β-tubulin markers identified four distinct genotypes in M. pachydermatis isolates. The most prevalent among them was the genotype previously found in dogs, indicating its transmission potential and adaptation to distantly related hosts. The other three genotypes are described for the first time in this study. However, only one of the genotypes consisted of all four loci with bear-specific sequences, indicating the formation of a strain specifically adapted to brown bears. Finally, we evaluated the specificity of the spectral profiles of the detected genotypes. MALDI-TOF MS exhibited great potential to detect subtle differences between all M. pachydermatis isolates and revealed distinct spectral profiles of bear-specific genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Hađina
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Snježana Kazazić
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Paradžik
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slaven Reljić
- Department of Forensic and State Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljiljana Pinter
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Đuro Huber
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dušica Vujaklija
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Tapes D, Skampardonis V, Chatzis MK, Apostolidis K, Athanasiou LV, Kasabalis D, Kokkinaki KCG, Katsogiannou EG, Petanides T, Leontides L, Saridomichelakis MN. Repeatability and reproducibility of microscopic examination of adhesive tape strip cytology slides for the quantification of
Malassezia
spp. in canine skin. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:305-e71. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tapes
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
- Veterinary Clinic, Army Veterinary Training and Health Center Stratigou N. Plastira Larisa Greece
| | - Vassilis Skampardonis
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Animal Health Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | - Manolis K. Chatzis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | - Kosmas Apostolidis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | - Labrini V. Athanasiou
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | - Dimitris Kasabalis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | | | - Eleni G. Katsogiannou
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | - Theodoros Petanides
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
| | - Leonidas Leontides
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Animal Health Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Thessaly Karditsa Greece
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Bond R, Morris DO, Guillot J, Bensignor EJ, Robson D, Mason KV, Kano R, Hill PB. Biology, diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats Clinical Consensus Guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology. Vet Dermatol 2020; 31:28-74. [PMID: 31957204 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds. OBJECTIVES The objective of this document is to provide the veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats. METHODS AND MATERIAL The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Bond
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Daniel O Morris
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancy Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jacques Guillot
- École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, BioPôle Alfort, EA 7380 Dynamyc, UPEC, EnvA, Maisons Alfort, Ile-de-France, France
| | | | - David Robson
- Animal Skin and Ear Specialists, Melbourne Veterinary Specialist Centre, 70 Blackburn Road, Glen Waverley, Victoria, 3150, Australia
| | - Kenneth V Mason
- Dermcare-vet PTY LTD, 7 Centenary Road, Slacks Creek, Queensland, 4127, Australia
| | - Rui Kano
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Peter B Hill
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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Dorogi J. Pathological and clinical aspects of the diseases caused by Malassezia species. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2003; 49:363-9. [PMID: 12109170 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.49.2002.2-3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
From veterinary point of view Malassezia pachydermatis has the greatest significance. It has been standing in the focus of interest since the early 1990s, mostly because of the frequency of otitis externa and dermatitis caused by this yeast in dogs. This is the only lipid-independent species in the genus Malassezia. It can be found in very large proportion on the skin of healthy animals, but can be isolated in much greater number from diseased dogs. It often causes illness together with other pathogens (e.g. Staphylococcus intermedius). Some breeds are predisposed. In addition to the treatment of the accidental concurrent diseases, therapy consists of systemic and/or topical antimicrobial treatment. Ketoconazole is used most frequently. Malassezia pachydermatis plays also a role in the skin disorders of other carnivores. It has little zoonotic potential, it can be dangerous to immunocompromised humans. The other Malassezia species have little veterinary importance, although M. sympodialis and M. globosa were isolated from asymptomatic animals (mostly cats) and from mixed infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dorogi
- Dr. Juhász Tamás Clinic for Small Animals, Ecseri út 6, H-1098 Budapest, Hungary
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