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Relun A, Cesbron N, Bourdeau P, Dorso L, Brement T, Assié S, Christensen H, Guatteo R. Atypical actinobacillosis affecting hind limbs and lungs in a single beef cattle herd. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 33:297-301. [PMID: 30548325 PMCID: PMC6335530 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinobacillosis usually is a sporadic infection that affects the tongue in cattle (“wooden tongue”) with possible spread to the digestive tract. Two 4‐year‐old Rouge‐des‐Prés cows from a single French beef herd were referred for chronic (2‐6 months) swelling and cutaneous nodules in the distal hind limbs. In addition to cutaneous signs, physical examination disclosed cachexia, lameness, lymphadenitis of the hind limbs, and pneumonia in both cows. Cytologic examination of direct skin smears was inconclusive, and no parasites were observed in examination of multiple skin scrapings. Histopathological examination of skin and lung biopsy specimens identified chronic, diffuse, severe pyogranulomatous dermatitis, associated with Splendore‐Hoeppli phenomenon and intralesional Gram‐negative bacteria. Cultures from skin, lymph nodes, and lungs (both cows were euthanized for welfare reasons) identified a Pasteurellaceae organism, confirmed as Actinobacillus lignieresii by partial sequencing of the rpoB gene. This report emphasizes that actinobacillosis can appear as a small outbreak in cattle with cutaneous and respiratory signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Relun
- Clinic for Ruminants, Nantes, France.,BioEpAR, INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Nora Cesbron
- Clinic for Ruminants, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire de l'Environnement et de l'Alimentation de la Vendée, La Roche-sur-Yon, France
| | | | - Laëtitia Dorso
- Clinic for Ruminants, Nantes, France.,Pathology Service for Large Animals, University Animal Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Brement
- Parasitology, Dermatology and Mycology Unit, Nantes, France
| | - Sébastien Assié
- Clinic for Ruminants, Nantes, France.,BioEpAR, INRA, Nantes, France.,Pathology Service for Large Animals, University Animal Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Raphaël Guatteo
- Clinic for Ruminants, Nantes, France.,BioEpAR, INRA, Nantes, France
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Caffarena RD, Rabaza A, Casaux L, Rioseco MM, Schild CO, Monesiglio C, Fraga M, Giannitti F, Riet-Correa F. Natural lymphatic ("atypical") actinobacillosis in cattle caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 30:218-225. [PMID: 29202671 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717742621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine actinobacillosis is typically characterized by pyogranulomatous glossitis (wooden tongue). The involvement of other tissues, generally the skin or lymph nodes, has been regarded as atypical or cutaneous. We describe herein 2 outbreaks of actinobacillosis affecting primarily the lymph nodes of the head and neck. The disease affected 40 of 540 lactating cows in a dairy herd, and 5 of 335 two-y-old steers in a beef herd. Multiple or single, occasionally ulcerated nodules were observed in the region of the mandible, neck, and shoulder, including the parotid, submandibular, retropharyngeal, and prescapular lymph nodes. The histologic lesions were multifocal pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, dermatitis, and cellulitis with Splendore-Hoeppli material. One steer had an exophytic pyogranuloma in the gingiva and another died because of ruminal tympany secondary to oropharyngeal and esophageal obstruction by a pyogranulomatous mass. Actinobacillus lignieresii was isolated from the lesions and identified by amplification, sequencing, and analysis of the 16S ribosomal (r)DNA gene. Seven of 8 cows recovered after treatment with sodium iodide. Lymphatic actinobacillosis is a frequent disease in Uruguay, southern Brazil, and Argentina. Morbidity is 1-50%; mortality is <1%. A. lignieresii apparently penetrates the intact oral and pharyngeal mucosa, infecting primarily the regional lymph nodes. Later, lesions may extend to the subcutaneous tissue and the skin, causing ulceration. Affected cattle with draining pyogranulomas contaminate the environment, favoring disease transmission, and should be treated with sodium iodide or antibiotics and isolated from the herd in order to control the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén D Caffarena
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Ana Rabaza
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Laura Casaux
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Melissa Macías Rioseco
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Carlos O Schild
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Cecilia Monesiglio
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Martín Fraga
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Federico Giannitti
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (Caffarena, Rabaza, Casaux, Macías Rioseco, Schild, Monesiglio, Fraga, Giannitti, Riet-Correa).,Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (Giannitti)
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Angelo P, Alessandro S, Noemi R, Giuliano B, Filippo S, Marco P. An atypical case of respiratory actinobacillosis in a cow. J Vet Sci 2009; 10:265-7. [PMID: 19687629 PMCID: PMC2801135 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2009.10.3.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A not pregnant 4-year-old Jersey cow was presented with the sudden appearance of respiratory noise, nasal discharge and moderate respiratory difficulty. Upon physical examination a snoring-like noise, extended head and neck position, exaggerated abdominal effort, bilateral nasal discharge and left prescapular lymph node enlargement were noted. Sub-occlusion of the initial portion of the respiratory tract was suspected. Radiographic and endoscopic examinations revealed a pedunculate mass on the dorsal aspect of the rhinopharynx, which was removed with endoscopically assisted electrosurgery. Histologic examination revealed a chronic pyogranulomatous inflammation with eosinophilic club-like bodies surrounding small colonies of rod-shaped bacteria. Results of histochemical staining were consistent with Actinobacillus-like bacteria and a diagnosis of respiratory actinobacillosis was reached. Surgery and antibiotic therapy were resolutive, as demonstated by an endoscopic check at the second month after surgery, even without the association of the traditional iodine cure, which is regarded as the treatment of choice for actinobacillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peli Angelo
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Italy
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