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Liu Y, Zhang S, Wang W, Tang S, Zhu Y, Wang M, Cao B, Zhu Y, Tang L, Liu Y, Mo C, Zhao B, Lu H. Swainsonine-induced vacuolar degeneration is regulated by mTOR-mediated autophagy in HT22 cells. Toxicol Lett 2023; 373:41-52. [PMID: 36402259 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The indolizidine alkaloid, swainsonine (SW), is the main toxic component of locoweed, which can cause locoism in animals with characteristic neurological dysfunction. Pathological manifestations at cellular level include extensive vacuolar degeneration. Studies have shown that SW can induces autophagy, but the role and mechanism of autophagy in SW-induced vacuolar degeneration is unclear. In this study, we analyzed the role of autophagy in SW-induced cell injury in mouse hippocampal neurons cell line (HT22) using western blotting, qRT-PCR, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy. The results showed that the expressions of LC3-II, ATG5, Beclin1 and p62 proteins and their mRNAs in HT22 cells were induced by SW treatment. The SW treatment increased the number of autophagosomes with enhanced fluorescence intensity of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) and LC3-II in a time-dose dependent manner. The results of lysosome staining showed that SW could increase the number of lysosomes, increase the intraluminal pH. Transmission electron microscopy results indicate that SW induced autophagosomes, and Baf A1 could effectively alleviate SW-induced vacuolar degeneration. At the molecular level, SW treatment inhibited the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-ERK, p-AMPK, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K and p-4EBP1 and promoted the expression of p53. Our results collectively suggest, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, ERK/mTOR and p53/mTOR signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of SW-induced autophagy in HT22 cells, while the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway is not involved in this regulation. Inhibition of autophagic degradation can effectively alleviate SW-induced vacuolar degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weina Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiyu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiru Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingqian Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihui Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chonghui Mo
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Santos A, Armién A, Miranda I, Rocha J, d’Avila M, Costa S, França T, Peixoto P. Lysosomal storage disease induced by Sida planicaulis (Sin. Sida carpinifolia) (Malvaceae) in sheep in the state of Rio de Janeiro. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ingestion of S. planicaulis (Sin. S. carpinifolia) causes lysosomal storage disease in sheep. The main toxic compound of this plant, swainsonine, inhibits the enzymatic activity of α-mannosidase I and II, resulting in lysosomal storage of glycoproteins. We describe a case of spontaneous poisoning by S. planucaulis in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Physical examination of affected animals revealed proprioceptive deficit, motor incoordination, staggering movement, and head tremors. Histopathological evaluation showed severe swelling/cytoplasmic vacuolization in Purkinje neurons, with a foamy appearance and occasional karyolysis or karyopyknosis, and intense vacuolization of acinar cells of the pancreas and, less markedly, thyroid follicular cells. The positive lectin-histochemistry labeling for Con A, WGA and sWGA lectins characterized the disease as a glycoproteinosis. The ultrastructural evaluation revealed numerous vacuoles up to 2.5μm in diameter bounded by membranes up to 20nm thick in pancreatic acinar cells. The diagnosis of S. planicaulis toxicity was established based on epidemiological data, clinicopathological, lectino-histochemical, and ultrastructural findings. This is the second report of spontaneous poisoning of sheep by S. planicaulis in Brazil, but the first in the Southeastern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Santos
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - J.F. Rocha
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - T.N. França
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P.V. Peixoto
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cholich LA, Martinez A, Micheloud JF, Pistán ME, García EN, Robles CA, Ortega HH, Gimeno EJ. Alpha-mannosidosis caused by toxic plants in ruminants of Argentina. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20191496. [PMID: 34787167 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120191496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that several of the swainsonine-containing plant species found widespread around the world have a negative economic impact in each country. In Argentina, most of the information on the poisonous plant species that produce α-mannosidosis is published in Spanish and thus not available to most English-speaking researchers interested in toxic plants. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the information about swainsonine-containing plants in Argentina, which are extensively distributed throughout different ecoregions of the country. To date, five species from three genera have been shown to induce α-mannosidosis in livestock in Argentina: Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa, Ipomoea hieronymi subsp. calchaquina (Convolvulaceae), Astragalus garbancillo, Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae), and Sida rodrigoi (Malvaceae). These species contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits the lysosomal enzyme α-mannosidase and consequently affects glycoprotein metabolism, resulting in partially metabolized sugars. The prolonged consumption of these poisonous plants produces progressive weight loss and clinical signs related to a nervous disorder, characterized by tremors of head and neck, abnormalities of gait, difficulty in standing, ataxia and wide-based stance. Histological lesions are mainly characterized by vacuolation of different cells, especially neurons of the central nervous system. The main animal model used to study α-mannosidosis is the guinea pig because, when experimentally poisoned, it exhibits many of the characteristics of naturally intoxicated livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana A Cholich
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Piso 9, C1425FQB Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Martinez
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo Salud Animal, Modesta Victoria 4450, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Juan F Micheloud
- Universidad Católica de Salta, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomía, Campus Castañares, A4400 Salta, Argentina.,Grupo de Trabajo de Patología, Epidemiología e Investigación Diagnostica, Área de Sanidad Animal-IIACS/INTA, Salta, Argentina
| | - María E Pistán
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Enrique N García
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Robles
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo Salud Animal, Modesta Victoria 4450, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Hugo H Ortega
- Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Bv. Pellegrini 2750, S3000 Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Piso 9, C1425FQB Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo J Gimeno
- Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 60 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Piso 9, C1425FQB Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Selbach MT, Scotti AS, Feistel CC, Nicolau CC, Dalberto D, Dos Santos NG, Borsoi G, Ferraz ABF, Grivicich I, de Souza GMS, Chytry P, Dias JF, Corrêa DS, da Silva J. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Sida planicaulis Cav extract using human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:345-355. [PMID: 33435828 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1871144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sida planicaulis is a weed thought to have originated in Brazil, where it is present in abundant quantities, but also this plant is also found in south-central Florida, Indian Ocean Islands, and the Pacific Islands. Sida planicaulis produces neurotoxicity that adversely affects livestock breeding with heavy animal losses and consequent negative impact on Brazil's economy. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ethanolic extracts of S. planicaulis collected in winter (leaf extract) and summer (leaf extract and leaf + flower extract) using an in vitro model of human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and apolar compounds. Rutin, quercetin, and swainsonine were detected by HPLC and GC/MS, respectively. Phosphorus, potassium, iron, and zinc were the inorganic elements found. Extracts produced cytotoxicity at all concentrations tested (7-4,000 μg/ml) as evidenced by the colorimetric assay [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT)]. Based upon the alkaline comet assay extracts were found to induce genotoxicity at concentrations ranging from 0.437 to 7 μg/ml. DNA damage produced by extracts was affirmed using a modified comet assay with the enzymes Endo III and FPG in a concentration dependent manner. Further, enzyme-modified comet assay showed both oxidized purines and pyrimidines, and consequently oxidative stress was related to genomic instability and cell death. Data suggest that low concentrations of ethanolic extracts of S. planicaulis (different seasons) induced increased DNA damage related to oxidative stress and chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Terezinha Selbach
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Scotti
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleverson Costa Feistel
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline C Nicolau
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Dalberto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Garcia Dos Santos
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borsoi
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Barros Falcão Ferraz
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paola Chytry
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dione Silva Corrêa
- Center for Research in Product and Development (CEPPED), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Hwang HJ, Han JW, Kim GH, Han JW. Functional Expression and Characterization of the Recombinant N-Acetyl-Glucosamine/N-Acetyl-Galactosamine-Specific Marine Algal Lectin BPL3. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E13. [PMID: 29303968 PMCID: PMC5793061 DOI: 10.3390/md16010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins, characterized by their carbohydrate-binding ability, have extensive practical applications. However, their industrial use is limited due to impurity. Thus, quality-controlled production of recombinant lectin is necessary. In this study, the algal lectin BPL3 (Bryopsis plumosa lectin 3) was successfully produced using a bacterial expression system, BL21(DE3), with an artificial repeated structure (dimeric construct). Recombinant dimeric BPL3 (rD2BPL3) was confirmed by LC-MS/MS spectrometry. Expression efficiency was greater for the construct with the repeat structure (rD2BPL3) than the monomeric form (rD1BPL3). Optimal conditions for expression were 1 mM IPTG at 20 °C. Recombinant lectin was purified under denaturing conditions and refolded by the flash dilution method. Recombinant BPL3 was solubilized in 1× PBS containing 2 M urea. rD2BPL3 showed strong hemagglutination activity using human erythrocyte. rD2BPL3 had a similar sugar specificity to that of the native protein, i.e., to N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc). Glycan array results showed that recombinant BPL3 and native BPL3 exhibited different binding properties. Both showed weak binding activity to α-Man-Sp. Native BPL3 showed strong binding specificity to the alpha conformation of amino sugars, and rD2BPL3 had binding activity to the beta conformation. The process developed in this study was suitable for the quality-controlled large-scale production of recombinant lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Hwang
- Department of Genetic Resources Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea.
| | - Jin-Woo Han
- Department of Genetic Resources Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea.
| | - Gwang Hoon Kim
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju 32588, Korea.
| | - Jong Won Han
- Department of Genetic Resources Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea.
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Bassuino DM, Konradt G, Bianchi MV, Reis MO, Pavarini SP, Driemeier D. Spontaneous poisoning by Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) in horses. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017000900005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Sida carpinifolia poisoning causes a chronic neurodegenerative disorder associated with lysosomal storage by indolizidine alkaloids (swainsonine). The epidemiological, clinical, pathological and lectin histochemistry findings of an outbreak of natural poisoning by S. carpinifolia in horses in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, are described. Five horses from a total of 15 that were kept on native pasture with large amounts of S. carpinifolia presented during 90 days clinical signs of progressive weight loss, incoordination, stiff gait and ramble, in addition to exacerbated reactions and locomotion difficulty after induced movement. Four horses died, and one of them was submitted for necropsy. At necropsy, no significant gross lesions were observed. Histological findings observed in the central nervous system were characterized by swollen neurons with cytoplasm containing multiple microvacuoles; these abnormalities were more severe in the thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum and pons. Using lectin histochemistry, the pons and hippocampus sections stained positive for commercial lectin Con-A, sWGA and WGA. This study aimed to detail S. carpinifolia poisoning in horses to be included in the differential diagnoses of neurological diseases of horses.
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Micheloud JF, Marin R, Colque-Caro LA, Martínez OG, Gardner D, Gimeno EJ. Swainsonine-induced lysosomal storage disease in goats caused by the ingestion of Sida rodrigoi Monteiro in North-western Argentina. Toxicon 2017; 128:1-4. [PMID: 28093222 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous poisonous plants that can induce intralysosomal accumulation of glycoproteins and neurologic syndromes. Here we describe for the first time, a disease caused by ingesting Sida rodrigoi Monteiro in goats in North-western Argentina. The animals showed weight loss, indifference to the environment, unsteady gait and ataxia. Histopathologic studies showed vacuolization in cells of various organs, mainly in the CNS. The material deposited in the cells was positive for LCA (Lens culinaris agglutinin), WGA (Triticum vulgaris agglutinin), sWGA (succinyl-Triticum vulgaris agglutinin) and Con-A (Concanavalia ensiformis agglutinin) lectins. Finally, toxic levels of swansonine were identified in the plant. The present investigation allowed to recognize S. rodrigoi Monteiro poisoning as a plant induced α-mannosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Micheloud
- Grupo de Trabajo de Patología, Epidemiología e Investigación Diagnóstica, Área de Sanidad Animal-IIACS/INTA, Salta, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agrarias-UCASAL, Salta, Argentina.
| | - Raúl Marin
- Cátedra de Producción Bovina, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Luis Adrián Colque-Caro
- Grupo de Trabajo de Patología, Epidemiología e Investigación Diagnóstica, Área de Sanidad Animal-IIACS/INTA, Salta, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agrarias-UCASAL, Salta, Argentina
| | - Olga Gladys Martínez
- Cátedra de Diversidad de las Plantas, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
| | - Dale Gardner
- Poisonous Plants Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Eduardo Juan Gimeno
- Catedra de Patología General, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bs As, Argentina
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Pedroso PM, Colodel EM, Seitz AL, Correa GL, Soares MP, Driemeier D. Pathological findings in fetuses of goats and cattle poisoned by Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae). PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2012000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In Brazil, the consumption of Sida carpinifolia by livestock has been associated with neurological diseases linked to lysosomal storage disorders. This paper describes the pathological findings in two caprine fetuses from dams that were experimentally poisoned with S. carpinifolia. The goats were orally dosed with 10 and 13g/kg of a paste of green chopped S. carpinifolia for 30 days and were observed for an additional 15 days period after the last dosage with the plant; thereafter they were euthanized and necropsied. The dams showed only slight clinical signs. The study also includes the findings in one bovine fetus from a naturally S. carpinifolia poisoned cow which showed mild incoordination, generalized tremors, staggering, and frequent falls. The cow was euthanized and necropsied. While there were no significant histopathological changes in the goats, in the cow vacuolation of Purkinje neurons of the cerebellum, pancreatic acinar cells, and thyroid follicular cells were observed. The main microscopic changes observed in the caprine and bovine fetuses were vacuolation in the epithelium of renal tubules, thyroid follicular cells, and Purkinje neurons of the cerebellum. Transmission electron microscopy of sections from CNS of the cow and its fetus revealed vacuoles containing fine granular material surrounded by membrane. Lectin-histochemistry of CNS sections from goat fetuses marked lightly to sWGA lectins, WGA, and Con-A.
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Pedroso PM, Oliveira LGD, Cruz CE, Soares MP, Barreto LR, Driemeier D. Doença do armazenamento lisossomal induzida pelo consumo de Sida carpinifolia em bovinos do Rio Grande do Sul. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2010001000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Relata-se a intoxicação natural por Sida carpinifolia (guanxuma, chá-da-índia) em bovinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram afetados cinco bovinos no período 2001-2008. O quadro clínico foi caracterizado por emagrecimento, incoordenação, dificuldade de locomoção, tremores generalizados, quedas frequentes e morte. Microscopicamente, as principais alterações foram vacuolização dos neurônios de Purkinje do cerebelo, das células acinares do pâncreas e das células foliculares da tireoide. A microscopia eletrônica evidenciou vacúolos com conteúdo finamente granulado e delimitado por membrana. Na lectina-histoquímica, observou-se marcação em neurônios com as lectinas Concanavalia ensiformis (Con-A), Triticum vulgaris (WGA) e Succinyl Triticum vulgaris (sWGA).
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Abstract
A captive fallow deer (Dama dama) in a zoo was spontaneously poisoned after consumption of Sida carpinifolia. The paddock where cervids were kept was severely infested by S. carpinifolia. The deer developed a neurological syndrome characterized by muscular weakness, intention tremors, visual and standing-up deficits, falls, and abnormal behavior and posture. Because a severe mandibular fracture and the consequent deteriorating condition, it was euthanized. Main microscopic findings were swelling and multifocal cytoplasmic vacuolation in the Purkinje cells. The cytoplasm of multiple cells of the cerebellum, especially the Purkinje cells, stained with the lectins Concanavalia ensiformis, Triticum vulgaris, and succinylated Triticum vulgaris. Diagnostic possibilities such as bovine diarrhea virus, rabies, and transmissible spongiform encephalopathy were excluded. The report focuses on the risk of maintaining S. carpinifolia populations in zoo enclosures of wild herbivores.
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Rech RR, Rissi DR, Rodrigues A, Pierezan F, Piazer JV, Kommers GD, Barros CS. Intoxicação por Solanum fastigiatum (Solanaceae) em bovinos: epidemiologia, sinais clínicos e morfometria das lesões cerebelares. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2006000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dezenove casos de intoxicação por Solanum fastigiatum são descritos em bovinos de três municípios do Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2003-2005. Os coeficientes de morbidade e mortalidade foram respectivamente de 6,7% e 3,4%. Os bovinos afetados tinham idade média de 5 anos (2-8 anos) e a evolução clínica variou de 3-18 meses. Os sinais clínicos observados em todos os bovinos foram de disfunções cerebelares caracterizadas por hipermetria, incoordenação, quedas, tremores musculares, convulsões esporádicas e permanência em estação com os membros em base ampla. Em um bovino foi observada hemorragia traumática subdural no encéfalo e em outro, atrofia macroscópica do cerebelo. As lesões histológicas eram confinadas ao cerebelo e consistiram de vacuolização parcial ou total do pericário dos neurônios de Purkinje com ocasionais esferóides axonais na camada de células granulares e na substância branca cerebelar. Nos casos avançados, havia acentuada perda dos neurônios de Pukinje e proliferação dos astrócitos de Bergmann. O estudo morfométrico do número de neurônios de Purkinje e da espessura da camada molecular revelou um decréscimo no número de células de Purkinje que se correlacionou com conseqüente diminuição da espessura da camada molecular.
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Barbosa RC, Riet-Correa F, Medeiros RMT, Lima EF, Barros SS, Gimeno EJ, Molyneux RJ, Gardner DR. Intoxication by Ipomoea sericophylla and Ipomoea riedelii in goats in the state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Toxicon 2006; 47:371-9. [PMID: 16488457 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Revised: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 11/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A disease of the nervous system was observed in goats from two farms of the semiarid of the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Ipomoea sericophylla was found in one farm and I. riedelii in the other. Both plants were administered experimentally to five goats each. Both plants induced clinical signs similar to those observed in spontaneous cases. Two goats died spontaneously and five were euthanatized. Three goats recovered after the withdrawal of the plants. Histological examination showed that all goats that died spontaneously or were euthanized had diffuse vacuolation of neurons, macrophages of lymphatic tissues, and epithelial cells of pancreas, thyroid, renal tubules and liver. On electron microscopy of Purkinje cells, numerous dilated membrane bordered vacuoles were identified as lysosomes. On lectin-histochemical analysis, cerebellar cells gave positive reactions to Concanavalia ensiformis, Triticum vulgaris, and succinylated-T. vulgaris, which indicate the storage of alpha-D-mannose, alpha-D-glucose, beta-D-N-acetyl-glucosamine, and acetyl-neuraminic acid. The chemical analysis of I. sericophylla and I. riedelii showed 0.11 and 0.14% of swainsonine, respectively. The latter also contained calystegines B1, B2 and C1. It is concluded that I. sericophylla and I. riedelli cause a lysosomal storage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Veterinária, Universidade Rural de Pernambuco, CEP 52171-900, Recife PE, Brazil
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