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Morgan PT, Smeuninx B, Marshall RN, Korzepa M, Quinlan JI, McPhee JS, Breen L. Greater myofibrillar protein synthesis following weight-bearing activity in obese old compared with non-obese old and young individuals. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00833-2. [PMID: 37328646 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms through which obesity impacts age-related muscle mass regulation are unclear. In the present study, rates of integrated myofibrillar protein synthesis (iMyoPS) were measured over 48-h prior-to and following a 45-min treadmill walk in 10 older-obese (O-OB, body fat[%]: 33 ± 3%), 10 older-non-obese (O-NO, 20 ± 3%), and 15 younger-non-obese (Y-NO, 13 ± 5%) individuals. Surface electromyography was used to determine thigh muscle "activation". Quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), volume, and intramuscular thigh fat fraction (ITFF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Quadriceps maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was measured by dynamometry. Quadriceps CSA and volume were greater (muscle volume, Y-NO: 1182 ± 232 cm3; O-NO: 869 ± 155 cm3; O-OB: 881 ± 212 cm3, P < 0.01) and ITFF significantly lower (m. vastus lateralis, Y-NO: 3.0 ± 1.0%; O-NO: 4.0 ± 0.9%; O-OB: 9.1 ± 2.6%, P ≤ 0.03) in Y-NO compared with O-NO and O-OB, with no difference between O-NO and O-OB in quadriceps CSA and volume. ITFF was significantly higher in O-OB compared with O-NO. Relative MVC was lower in O-OB compared with Y-NO and O-NO (Y-NO: 5.5 ± 1.6 n·m/kg-1; O-NO: 3.9 ± 1.0 n·m/kg-1; O-OB: 2.9 ± 1.1 n·m/kg-1, P < 0.0001). Thigh muscle "activation" during the treadmill walk was greater in O-OB compared with Y-NO and O-NO (Y-NO: 30.5 ± 13.5%; O-NO: 35.8 ± 19.7%; O-OB: 68.3 ± 32.3%, P < 0.01). Habitual iMyoPS did not differ between groups, whereas iMyoPS was significantly elevated over 48-h post-walk in O-OB (+ 38.6 ± 1.2%·day-1, P < 0.01) but not Y-NO or O-NO (+ 11.4 ± 1.1%·day-1 and + 17.1 ± 1.1%·day-1, respectively, both P > 0.271). Equivalent muscle mass in O-OB may be explained by the muscle anabolic response to weight-bearing activity, whereas the age-related decline in indices of muscle quality appears to be exacerbated in O-OB and warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Morgan
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, 99 Oxford Road, Manchester, M1 7EL, UK
| | - Benoit Smeuninx
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Monash Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan N Marshall
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Marie Korzepa
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jonathan I Quinlan
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jamie S McPhee
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, 99 Oxford Road, Manchester, M1 7EL, UK
| | - Leigh Breen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Garcia CK, Sheikh LH, Iwaniec JD, Robinson GP, Berlet RA, Mattingly AJ, Murray KO, Laitano O, Clanton TL. Effects of Ibuprofen during Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 52:1870-1878. [PMID: 32175974 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal injury is one of the most prominent features of organ damage in exertional heat stroke (EHS). However, whether damage to the intestine in this setting is exacerbated by ibuprofen (IBU), the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in exercising populations, is not well understood. PURPOSE We hypothesized that IBU would exacerbate intestinal injury, reduce exercise performance, and increase susceptibility to heat stroke. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we administered IBU via diet to male and female C57/BL6J mice, over 48 h before EHS. Susceptibility to EHS was determined by assessing exercise response using a forced running wheel, housed inside an environmental chamber at 37.5°C. Core temperature (Tc) was monitored by telemetry. Mice were allocated into four groups: exercise only (EXC); EHS + IBU; EXC + IBU; and EHS only. Exercise performance and Tc profiles were evaluated and stomachs, intestines and plasma were collected at 3 h post-EHS. RESULTS The EHS + IBU males ran approximately 87% longer when Tc was above 41°C (P < 0.03) and attained significantly higher peak Tc (P < 0.01) than EHS-only mice. Histological analyses showed decreased villi surface area throughout the small intestine for both sexes in the EXC + IBU group versus EXC only. Interestingly, though EHS in both sexes caused intestinal injury, in neither sex were there any additional effects of IBU. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in a preclinical mouse model of EHS, oral IBU at pharmacologically effective doses does not pose additional risks of heat stroke, does not reduce exercise performance, and does not contribute further to intestinal injury, though this could have been masked by significant gut injury induced by EHS alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K Garcia
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Shahidi B, Schenk S, Raiszadeh K. Analgesic Medication Use During Exercise-Based Rehabilitation in Individuals With Low Back Pain: A Call to Action. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6103016. [PMID: 33454784 PMCID: PMC8005293 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Shahidi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, 9452 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Address all correspondence to Dr Shahidi at:
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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Cornu C, Grange C, Regalin A, Munier J, Ounissi S, Reynaud N, Kassai-Koupai B, Sallet P, Nony P. Effect of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Sport Performance Indices in Healthy People: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2020; 6:20. [PMID: 32346802 PMCID: PMC7188752 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-020-00247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medications that are frequently used by athletes. There may also be some abuse of these substances, although it is unclear whether NSAIDs in fact enhance performance. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of NSAIDs on sport performance indices. Methods We selected randomized trials from the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases investigating the effects of NSAIDs on sport performance. Volunteers could be healthy adult men and women. Any NSAID, administered by any route, taken prior to any type of exercise, and for any duration could be used. The control intervention could be a placebo, an active substance, or no intervention. We included double-blind, single-blind, and open-label studies. The primary outcome was the maximum performance in exercises as defined in each study. The secondary outcomes were the time until self-reported exhaustion and the self-reported pain. Results Among 1631 records, we retained thirteen parallel-group and ten crossover studies, totaling 366 and 148 subjects, respectively. They were disparate regarding treatments, dose and duration, and the type of exercise. There was neither significant difference in the maximum performance between NSAIDs and control groups nor in the time until exhaustion nor in self-perceived pain. Conclusions The existence of an ergogenic effect of NSAIDs on sport performance indices was unable to be concluded, since the level of evidence of the studies is low, the doses tested, and the exercises performed are very heterogeneous and far from those observed in real-life practices. More studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Cornu
- INSERM, CIC1407, 69500, Bron, France. .,UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100, Lyon, France. .,Service de Pharmaco-Toxicologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France. .,Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Hôpital Louis Pradel, 28, Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69500, Bron, France.
| | | | | | | | - Sonia Ounissi
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100, Lyon, France
| | | | - Behrouz Kassai-Koupai
- INSERM, CIC1407, 69500, Bron, France.,UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100, Lyon, France.,Service de Pharmaco-Toxicologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Sallet
- ASSOCIATION AFT (Athletes For Transparency), 69100, Lyon, France
| | - Patrice Nony
- UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100, Lyon, France.,Service de Pharmaco-Toxicologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France
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