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Fiałkowska E, Górska-Andrzejak J, Pajdak-Stós A. The role of environmental factors in the conidiation of the predacious rotiferovorous fungus Zoophagus insidians (Zoopagomycota). FUNGAL ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2022.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gallardo-Pillancari E, González C, Barahona-Segovia RM, Ruiz C, Luz C, Humber RA, Montalva C. Natural infection of Chiromyzinae larvae (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in southern Chile by Tolypocladium valdiviae sp. nov. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:845-853. [PMID: 36746556 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A new species from the fungal genus Tolypocladium (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) that infects Stratiomyidae larva from the genus Hylorops is described: Tolypocladium valdiviae Gallardo-Pillancari, Montalva & González. The description is based on both genomic data and morphological characteristics. The sexual stage of T. valdiviae presents fleshy and visible stromata; unlike Tolypocladium ophioglossoides, it is smaller and emerges directly from its host and resembles Tolypocladium longisegmentis and Tolypocladium capitatum, both of which are parasites of deer truffle fungi of the genus Elaphomyces (Ascomycota: Eurotiales). In the anamorphic state, T. valdiviae presents conidiogenous cells similar in shape and arrangement to those of Tolypocladium inflatum, however T. valdiviae produces larger conidiogenous cells and, occasionally, produces chlamydospores. Phylogenetic evidence suggested that T. valdiviae is in a clade close to T. longisegmentis, T. inflatum and T. ophioglossoides, species also recognized to be parasites of fungi of the genus Elaphomyces. The new species is known so far only from Valdivia, southern Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Gallardo-Pillancari
- Laboratorio de Salud de Bosques, Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad y Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Ecología Del Dosel, Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad y Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
| | - Cristian González
- Laboratorio de Salud de Bosques, Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad y Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rodrigo M Barahona-Segovia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Av. Fuschlöcher, 1305, Osorno, Chile
| | - Cecilia Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Salud de Bosques, Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad y Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Christian Luz
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Richard A Humber
- USDA-ARS Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Cristian Montalva
- Laboratorio de Salud de Bosques, Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad y Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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Dong QY, Wang Y, Wang ZQ, Liu YF, Yu H. Phylogeny and Systematics of the Genus Tolypocladium (Ophiocordycipitaceae, Hypocreales). J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1158. [PMID: 36354925 PMCID: PMC9697939 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Tolypocladium are herein revised based on the most comprehensive dataset to date. Two species-level phylogenies of Tolypocladium were constructed: a single-gene phylogeny (ITS) of 35 accepted species and a multigene phylogeny (nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, rpb1, and rpb2) of 27 accepted species. Three new species, Tolypocladium pseudoalbum sp. nov., Tolypocladium subparadoxum sp. nov., and Tolypocladium yunnanense sp. nov., are described in the present study. The genetic divergences of four markers (ITS, tef-1α, rpb1 and rpb2) among Tolypocladium species are also reported. The results indicated that species of Tolypocladium were best delimited by rpb1 sequence data, followed by the sequence data for the rpb2, tef-1α, and ITS provided regions. Finally, a key to the 48 accepted species of Tolypocladium worldwide is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Ying Dong
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
- The International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Wang
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
- The International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Yan-Fang Liu
- The International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Hong Yu
- The International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
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Tolypocladium reniformisporum sp. nov. and Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ophiocordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) co-occurring on Ophiocordyceps sinensis. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-021-01675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Comprehensive Review of Tolypocladium and Description of a Novel Lineage from Southwest China. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111389. [PMID: 34832545 PMCID: PMC8620668 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tolypocladium, a diverse genus of fungicolous fungi belonging to Ophiocordycipitaceae, includes saprotrophic soil inhabitants, plant endophytes and pathogens of insects, nematodes, rotifers, and parasites of truffle-like fungi. Here, we review the research progress achieved for Tolypocladium regarding its taxonomy, species diversity, geographic distribution, host affiliations and ecological diversity. Furthermore, an undescribed taxon from China was established using morphology and multi-gene phylogeny. Tolypocladium inusitaticapitatum is introduced as a new species parasitizing ectomycorrhizal Elaphomyces species. It is diagnosed by its irregularly enlarged fertile heads and lemon, yellow-to-dark-brown, smooth and nearly cylindrical stipe. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU, LSU, ITS, TEF1-α and RPB2 sequence data showed T. inusitaticapitatum to be an independent lineage separated from T. flavonigrum in the clade comprising T. capitatum, T. fractum and T. longisegmentatum. A key for identifying the sexual Tolypocladium species is also provided.
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Sigler L, Frances SP, Panter C. Culicinomyces Bisporalis, A New Entomopathogenic Hyphomycete from Larvae of the Mosquito Aedes Kochi. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1987.12025415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Sigler
- University of Alberta Microfungus Collection and Herbarium, Devonian Botanic Garden, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - S. P. Frances
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - C. Panter
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- G. L. Barron
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathie T. Hodge
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Stuart B. Krasnoff
- Plant Protection Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tower Rd., Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Richard A. Humber
- Plant Protection Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tower Rd., Ithaca, New York 14853
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Quandt CA, Kepler RM, Gams W, Araújo JPM, Ban S, Evans HC, Hughes D, Humber R, Hywel-Jones N, Li Z, Luangsa-ard JJ, Rehner SA, Sanjuan T, Sato H, Shrestha B, Sung GH, Yao YJ, Zare R, Spatafora JW. Phylogenetic-based nomenclatural proposals for Ophiocordycipitaceae (Hypocreales) with new combinations in Tolypocladium. IMA Fungus 2014; 5:121-34. [PMID: 25083412 PMCID: PMC4107890 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2014.05.01.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiocordycipitaceae is a diverse family comprising ecologically, economically, medicinally, and culturally important fungi. The family was recognized due to the polyphyly of the genus Cordyceps and the broad diversity of the mostly arthropod-pathogenic lineages of Hypocreales. The other two cordyceps-like families, Cordycipitaceae and Clavicipitaceae, will be revised taxonomically elsewhere. Historically, many species were placed in Cordyceps, but other genera have been described in this family as well, including several based on anamorphic features. Currently there are 24 generic names in use across both asexual and sexual life stages for species of Ophiocordycipitaceae. To reflect changes in Art. 59 in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), we propose to protect and to suppress names within Ophiocordycipitaceae, and to present taxonomic revisions in the genus Tolypocladium, based on rigorous and extensively sampled molecular phylogenetic analyses. When approaching this task, we considered the principles of priority, monophyly, minimizing taxonomic revisions, and the practical utility of these fungi within the wider biological research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Alisha Quandt
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Ryan M. Kepler
- USDA-ARS, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Walter Gams
- Formerly CBS-KNAW, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - João P. M. Araújo
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sayaka Ban
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Harry C. Evans
- CAB International, E-UK Centre, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK
| | - David Hughes
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Richard Humber
- USDA-ARS Biological Integrated Pest Management Research, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | | | - Zengzhi Li
- Department of Forestry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard
- Microbe Interaction Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Stephen A. Rehner
- USDA-ARS, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Tatiana Sanjuan
- Laboratorio de Taxonomía y Ecología de Hongos, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia and Laboratorio de micología y fitopatología, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Department of Forest Entomology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Bhushan Shrestha
- Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 369-873, Korea
| | - Yi-Jian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rasoul Zare
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 1454, Tehran 19395, Iran
| | - Joseph W. Spatafora
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Krasnoff SB, Gupta S. Efrapeptin production byTolypocladium fungi (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes): Intra- and interspecific variation. J Chem Ecol 2013; 18:1727-41. [PMID: 24254715 DOI: 10.1007/bf02751098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/1992] [Accepted: 05/27/1992] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Production of the mitochondrial ATPase inhibitory peptides efrapeptins was evaluated by HPLC analysis in 44 strains of nine species of the fungal genusTolypocladium (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes). Efrapeptin identification was confirmed by mass spectral data for the first time in the speciesT. cylindrosporum. HPLC retention time data indicated thatT. nubicola andT. tundrense, two species not previously known to produce efrapeptins, also produce the peptides. No efrapeptins were detected (<0.3 mg/100 ml broth) in single strains each ofT. balanoides, T. extinguens, T. parasiticum, andT. microsporum. Five strains ofT. geodes produced detectable amounts of efrapeptins and had compound F, or F and G, as the major component(s) in the mixture with the order of abundance being F> or ∼G > H ∼ D ∼ E > C. Eleven strains ofT. niveum produced detectable amounts of efrapeptins and had efrapeptins D and E as the primary and secondary components, respectively, in the mixture with the order of abundance being D > E > F > C ∼ G. A singleT. niveum strain had an efrapeptin profile similar to that of theT. geodes strains. Ten strains ofT. cylindrosporum had detectable amounts of efrapeptins. Of these, nine had F and one had G as the major component.T. cylindrosporum had higher ratios of E to D than didT. geodes. Efrapeptins were detected in one of twoT. nubicola strains analyzed (F > G > H) and one of threeT. tundrense strains (F > G > H > E).T. niveum strains could, in most cases, be identified to species on the basis of their efrapeptin profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Krasnoff
- U.S. Plant, Soil, and Nutrition Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Tower Road, 14853, Ithaca, New York
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Glockling SL, Beakes GW. Ultrastructural morphogenesis of dimorphic arcuate infection (gun) cells of Haptoglossa erumpens an obligate parasite of Bunonema nematodes. Fungal Genet Biol 2002; 37:250-62. [PMID: 12431459 DOI: 10.1016/s1087-1845(02)00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Haptoglossa is a genus of biflagellate organisms that has been placed in the oomycetes and is characterised by producing unique infective gun cells, which usually infect by physically rupturing the nematode cuticle. Haptoglossa erumpens is a parasite of Bunonema nematodes that produces arcuate infection cells and aplanospores that are discharged following the swelling and rupture of the thallus wall and distended host cuticle. Recent isolations of H. erumpens have revealed that the germinating aplanospores develop into two similar-sized but morphologically distinct infection cells. The uni-nucleate, convexly arcuate, gun cells were observed to fire in response to host nematodes, producing a cylindrical sporidium inside the host body. These gun cells had an apical missile chamber containing a needle with a unique arrangement of investing cones. Unlike previously described gun cells, the tube tail did not wind around the nucleus but continued into the basal vacuole where it terminated. The second type of infection cell was a concavely arcuate, bi-nucleate, cell that had an unusually large and elongate annulus component in the missile chamber. These modified bi-nucleate gun cells were never observed to fire in response to contact with Bunomena nematodes. The patterns of morphological and structural variations in these infection structures in this genus are reviewed in the light of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Glockling
- Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
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Hakariya M, Masuyama N, Saikawa M. Shooting of sporidium by “gun” cells in Haptoglossa heterospora and H. zoospora and secondary zoospore formation in H. zoospora. MYCOSCIENCE 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/s102670200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Glockling SL, Beakes GW. An ultrastructural study of sporidium formation during infection of a rhabditid nematode by large gun cells of Haptoglossa heteromorpha. J Invertebr Pathol 2000; 76:208-15. [PMID: 11023749 DOI: 10.1006/jipa.2000.4967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently fired gun cells of Haptoglossa heteromorpha, an aplanosporic nematode parasite, were examined ultrastructurally. The everted tubes of the fired cells had penetrated the cuticle of a nematode, and infective sporidia were developing inside the host body. The nematode cuticle was penetrated by the narrow, walled part of the tube below the needle chamber. The lower unwalled part of the tube tail formed the sporidium. The developing sporidium had a multilayered fibrous outer coating and the plasma membrane was separated from the wall in places. Sporidia contained biphasic membrane-bound vesicles that had been generated by the Golgi dictyosome during gun cell development. Immediately following gun cell firing, the nuclear envelope of the sporidium nucleus was not apparent, and the sporidium nucleus contained clusters of electron-dense particles concentrated in the nucleolar region. We compare the structures and organelles found in the mature gun cell with those in the fired cell and attempt to identify the membranous layers around the sporidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Glockling
- Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
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Glockling SL, Beakes GW. Video microscopy of spore development in Haptoglossa heteromorpha, a new species from cow dung. Mycologia 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2000.12061214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally L. Glockling
- Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Gordon W. Beakes
- Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Two new species of Haptoglossa, H. erumpens and H. dickii, infecting nematodes in cow manure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1017/s0953756299008916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Glockling SL, Yamada F. A survey of fungi which kill microscopic animals in the dung of the Amami rabbit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0269-915x(97)80011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lysek G. [Zoophagous fungi]. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 1987; 74:482-90. [PMID: 3317068 DOI: 10.1007/bf00447930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fungi which kill microscopic animals of different systematic origin by capturing, invading, and digesting them are described. The focal point is nematode destroying fungi, as being the most abundant, most often isolated and most intensively studied. Their ecology and their probable role in the control of nematodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lysek
- Institut für Systematische Botanik, Pflanzengeographie der FU Berlin, Berlin-Dahlem
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