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Fiałkowska E, Górska-Andrzejak J, Pajdak-Stós A. The role of environmental factors in the conidiation of the predacious rotiferovorous fungus Zoophagus insidians (Zoopagomycota). FUNGAL ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2022.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Molloy DP, Glockling SL, Siegfried CA, Beakes GW, James TY, Mastitsky SE, Wurdak E, Giamberini L, Gaylo MJ, Nemeth MJ. Aquastella gen. nov.: a new genus of saprolegniaceous oomycete rotifer parasites related to Aphanomyces, with unique sporangial outgrowths. Fungal Biol 2014; 118:544-58. [PMID: 25088070 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oomycete genus Aquastella is described to accommodate two new species of parasites of rotifers observed in Brooktrout Lake, New York State, USA. Three rotifer species--Keratella taurocephala, Polyarthra vulgaris, and Ploesoma truncatum--were infected, and this is the first report of oomycete infection in these species. Aquastella attenuata was specific to K. taurocephala and Aquastella acicularis was specific to P. vulgaris and P. truncatum. The occurrence of infections correlated with peak host population densities and rotifers were infected in the upper layers of the water column. Sequencing of 18S rRNA and phylogenetic analysis of both species placed them within the order Saprolegniales, in a clade closely related to Aphanomyces. The Aquastella species were morphologically distinct from other rotifer parasites as the developing sporangia penetrated out through the host body following its death to produce unique tapered outgrowths. Aquastella attenuata produced long, narrow, tapering, finger-like outgrowths, whilst A. acicularis produced shorter, spike-like outgrowths. We hypothesize that the outgrowths serve to deter predation and slow descent in the water column. Spore cleavage was intrasporangial with spore release through exit tubes. Aquastella attenuata produced primary zoospores, whereas A. acicularis released spherical primary aplanospores, more typical of other genera in the Aphanomyces clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Molloy
- Division of Research & Collections, New York State Museum, New York State Education Department, Albany, NY 12230, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
| | | | - Clifford A Siegfried
- Division of Research & Collections, New York State Museum, New York State Education Department, Albany, NY 12230, USA
| | - Gordon W Beakes
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Timothy Y James
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Wurdak
- Department of Biology, Saint John's University, Collegeville, MN 56321, USA
| | - Laure Giamberini
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7146, Campus Bridoux, Rue du Général Delestraint, F-57070 Metz, France
| | - Michael J Gaylo
- Division of Research & Collections, New York State Museum, New York State Education Department, Albany, NY 12230, USA
| | - Michael J Nemeth
- Division of Research & Collections, New York State Museum, New York State Education Department, Albany, NY 12230, USA
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Glockling SL, Beakes GW. Ultrastructural morphogenesis of dimorphic arcuate infection (gun) cells of Haptoglossa erumpens an obligate parasite of Bunonema nematodes. Fungal Genet Biol 2002; 37:250-62. [PMID: 12431459 DOI: 10.1016/s1087-1845(02)00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Haptoglossa is a genus of biflagellate organisms that has been placed in the oomycetes and is characterised by producing unique infective gun cells, which usually infect by physically rupturing the nematode cuticle. Haptoglossa erumpens is a parasite of Bunonema nematodes that produces arcuate infection cells and aplanospores that are discharged following the swelling and rupture of the thallus wall and distended host cuticle. Recent isolations of H. erumpens have revealed that the germinating aplanospores develop into two similar-sized but morphologically distinct infection cells. The uni-nucleate, convexly arcuate, gun cells were observed to fire in response to host nematodes, producing a cylindrical sporidium inside the host body. These gun cells had an apical missile chamber containing a needle with a unique arrangement of investing cones. Unlike previously described gun cells, the tube tail did not wind around the nucleus but continued into the basal vacuole where it terminated. The second type of infection cell was a concavely arcuate, bi-nucleate, cell that had an unusually large and elongate annulus component in the missile chamber. These modified bi-nucleate gun cells were never observed to fire in response to contact with Bunomena nematodes. The patterns of morphological and structural variations in these infection structures in this genus are reviewed in the light of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Glockling
- Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
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Hakariya M, Masuyama N, Saikawa M. Shooting of sporidium by “gun” cells in Haptoglossa heterospora and H. zoospora and secondary zoospore formation in H. zoospora. MYCOSCIENCE 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/s102670200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Glockling SL, Beakes GW. Video microscopy of spore development in Haptoglossa heteromorpha, a new species from cow dung. Mycologia 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2000.12061214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally L. Glockling
- Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Gordon W. Beakes
- Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Two new species of Haptoglossa, H. erumpens and H. dickii, infecting nematodes in cow manure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1017/s0953756299008916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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