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Pan H, Yang Y, Xu H, Jin A, Huang X, Gao X, Sun S, Liu Y, Liu J, Lu T, Wang X, Zhu Y, Jiang L. The odontoblastic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells: molecular regulation mechanism and related genetic syndromes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1174579. [PMID: 37818127 PMCID: PMC10561098 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1174579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate into multiple lineages including odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, neural cells, myocytes, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, endothelial cells, melanocytes, and hepatocytes. Odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is pivotal in dentinogenesis, a delicate and dynamic process regulated at the molecular level by signaling pathways, transcription factors, and posttranscriptional and epigenetic regulation. Mutations or dysregulation of related genes may contribute to genetic diseases with dentin defects caused by impaired odontoblastic differentiation, including tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome, X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), Raine syndrome (RS), hypophosphatasia (HPP), Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), and Elsahy-Waters syndrome (EWS). Herein, recent progress in the molecular regulation of the odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is summarized. In addition, genetic syndromes associated with disorders of odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs are discussed. An improved understanding of the molecular regulation and related genetic syndromes may help clinicians better understand the etiology and pathogenesis of dentin lesions in systematic diseases and identify novel treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houwen Pan
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Yang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Anting Jin
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Huang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Lu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Zhu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Novel Bioactive Adhesive Monomer CMET Promotes Odontogenic Differentiation and Dentin Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312728. [PMID: 34884533 PMCID: PMC8657467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of the novel bioactive adhesive monomer CMET, a calcium salt of 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate acid (4-MET), on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and its capacity to induce tertiary dentin formation in a rat pulp injury model. Aqueous solutions of four tested materials [4-MET, CMET, Ca(OH)2, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)] were added to the culture medium upon confluence, and solvent (dH2O) was used as a control. Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cell differentiation was evaluated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The mineralization-inducing capacity was evaluated using alizarin red S staining and an alkaline phosphatase activity assay. For an in vivo experiment, a mechanical pulp exposure model was prepared on Wistar rats; damaged pulp was capped with Ca(OH)2 or CMET. Cavities were sealed with composite resin, and specimens were assessed after 14 and 28 days. The in vitro results showed that CMET exhibited the lowest cytotoxicity and highest odontogenic differentiation capacity among all tested materials. The favorable outcome on cell mineralization after treatment with CMET involved p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases signaling. The nuclear factor kappa B pathway was involved in the CMET-induced mRNA expression of odontogenic markers. Similar to Ca(OH)2, CMET produced a continuous hard tissue bridge at the pulp exposure site, but treatment with only CMET produced a regular dentinal tubule pattern. The findings suggest that (1) the evaluated novel bioactive adhesive monomer provides favorable biocompatibility and odontogenic induction capacity and that (2) CMET might be a very promising adjunctive for pulp-capping materials.
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Son YB, Kang YH, Lee HJ, Jang SJ, Bharti D, Lee SL, Jeon BG, Park BW, Rho GJ. Evaluation of odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential from different regions derived dental tissue stem cells and effect of 17β-estradiol on efficiency. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:15. [PMID: 33413268 PMCID: PMC7792121 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dentin is a tissue, which is formed by odontoblasts at the pulp interface of the teeth that supports the enamel. Odontoblasts, the cranial neural crest cells are derived from ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and are long and polarized cells. They are present at the outer surface of dentin and play a prominent role about dentin formation. Recently, attention has been focused on induction of odontoblast using various type of MSCs and effects of the 17ß-estradiol supplementation. In this study, we establish an efficient odonto/osteoblast differentiation protocol using 17ß-estradiol supplementation while comparing the odonto/osteoblast ability of various dental MSCs. Methods Same donor derived four types of dental MSCs namely dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were evaluated for their stemness characteristics and potency towards odonto/osteoblast (Induced odonto/osteoblast) differentiation.
Then 17ß-estradiol supplementation of 0 and 10 µM was applied to the odonto/osteoblast differentiation media for 14 days respectively. Furthermore, mRNA and protein levels of odonto/osteoblast markers were evaluated. Results All of the experimental groups displayed stemness characteristics by showing adipocyte and chondrocyte differentiation abilities, expression for cell surface markers and cell proliferation capacity without any significant differences. Moreover, all dental derived MSCs were shown to have odonto/osteoblast differentiation ability when cultured under specific conditions and also showed positive expression for odontoblast markers at both mRNA and protein level. Among all, DPSCs revealed the higher differentiation potential than other dental MSCs. Furthermore, odonto/osteoblast differentiation potential was enhanced by supplementing the differentiation media with 17ß-estradiol (E2). Conclusions Thus, DPSCs possess higher odonto/osteogenic potential than the SCAPs, DFSCs, PDLSCs and their differentiation capacity can by further enhanced under E2 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Bum Son
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, GN, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Changwon Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, GN, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Jung Jang
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, GN, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinesh Bharti
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, GN, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Lim Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, GN, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Gyun Jeon
- Department of Biology Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Wook Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Changwon Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Dentistry, Hanil Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyu-Jin Rho
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, GN, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Qian H, Guan X. Follicle-stimulating hormone impairs dental pulp stem cells odontogenic differentiation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10621-10635. [PMID: 32725798 PMCID: PMC7521281 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to bone, the dentin‐pulp complex is also influenced by menopause, showing a decreased regenerative capacity. High levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) during menopause could directly regulate bone metabolism. Here, the role of FSH in the odontogenic differentiation of the dentin‐pulp complex was investigated. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were isolated. CCK‐8 assays, cell apoptosis assays, Western blotting (WB), real‐time RT‐PCR, alkaline phosphatase activity assays, and Alizarin Red S staining were used to clarify the effects of FSH on the proliferation, apoptosis and odontogenic differentiation of the DPSCs. MAPK pathway‐related factors were explored by WB assays. FSH and its inhibitor were used in OVX rats combined with a direct pulp‐capping model. HE and immunohistochemistry were used to detect reparative dentin formation and related features. The results indicated that FSH significantly decreased the odontogenic differentiation of the DPSCs without affecting cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, FSH significantly activated the JNK signalling pathway, and JNK inhibitor partly rescued the inhibitory effect of FSH on DPSC differentiation. In vivo, FSH treatment attenuated the dentin bridge formation and mineralization‐related protein expression in the OVX rats. Our findings indicated that FSH reduced the odontogenic capacity of the DPSCs and was involved in reparative dentinogenesis during menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qian
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyue Guan
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Intermittent Administration of Parathyroid Hormone Enhances Odonto/Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla via JNK and P38 MAPK Pathways. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:5128128. [PMID: 32148520 PMCID: PMC7042551 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5128128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is considered to be essential during the tooth development. Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) are responsible for dentine formation. However, the interaction between PTH and SCAPs remains unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of PTH on odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity of SCAPs and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods. Here, SCAPs were isolated and identified in vitro. Effects of PTH on the proliferation of SCAPs were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry (FCM), and EdU. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining, Western blot, and RT-PCR were carried out to detect the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of PTH-treated SCAPs as well as the participation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Results An ALP activity assay determined that 10-8 mol/L PTH was the optimal concentration for the induction of SCAPs with no significant influence on the proliferation of SCAPs as indicated by CCK-8, FCM, and EdU. The expression of odonto/osteogenic markers was significantly upregulated in mRNA levels and protein levels. Moreover, intermittent treatment of PTH also increased phosphorylation of JNK and P38, and the differentiation was suppressed following the inhibition of JNK and P38 MAPK pathways. Conclusion PTH can regulate the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs via JNK and P38 MAPK pathways.
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Li C, Jiang H. Altered expression of circular RNA in human dental pulp cells during odontogenic differentiation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:871-878. [PMID: 31173232 PMCID: PMC6625184 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The alterations in expression and function of circular RNA (circRNA) in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) during odontogenic differentiation were investigated. To induce odontogenic differentiation, hDPCs (passage 3) were cultured for 14 days in odontogenic induction medium. circRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed using Illumina HiSeqseq™ 2000. Subsequently, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were used to evaluate the bio-functions of the identified circRNAs. To validate the results of circRNA sequencing, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed for two selected differentially expressed circRNAs. The RNA sequencing results revealed that 1,314 and 1,780 circRNAs were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, during odontogenic induction. Their predicted target miRNAs and genes are involved in several biological functions and signaling pathways, including the mitogen-associated protein kinase signaling pathway. The RT-qPCR results of the two selected circRNAs (hsa_circ_0015260 and hsa_circ_0006984) were consistent with the expression trend obtained using high-throughput sequencing. The results of the present study add to the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying hDPCs differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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Kim JH, Kim SY, Woo SM, Jeong HN, Jung JY, Kim SM, Lim HS. Combination of mineral trioxide aggregate and propolis promotes odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through ERK signaling pathway. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1801-1809. [PMID: 31807353 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate combined effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and propolis on odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and to find a signaling pathway involved. Combination of MTA and propolis significantly up-regulated the expression of DSPP and DMP1, and facilitated a mineral nodule formation (p < 0.05). Treatments with MTA, propolis or combined increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), one of mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling cascades during odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs (p < 0.05), and U0126, an inhibitor of ERK, decreased calcium deposits (p < 0.05). Combination of MTA and propolis promotes odontogenic differentiation and mineralization of DPSCs through ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hwan Kim
- 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 33, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yung Kim
- 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 33, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Woo
- 2Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 33, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Jeong
- 3Department of Dentistry, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Seoyang-ro 322, Ilsim-ri, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Jung
- 2Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 33, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Kim
- 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 33, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Soon Lim
- 3Department of Dentistry, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Seoyang-ro 322, Ilsim-ri, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do Republic of Korea.,4Department of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 33, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
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Elucidation on Predominant Pathways Involved in the Differentiation and Mineralization of Odontoblast-Like Cells by Selective Blockade of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2370438. [PMID: 29675422 PMCID: PMC5838463 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2370438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim To analyze the effect of three mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, namely, SB202190 (p38 inhibitor), SP600125 (JNK inhibitor), and PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) in Dex-stimulated MDPC-23 cell differentiation and mineralization. Methods Experiment was divided into five groups, control (cells without Dex and inhibitors treatment), Dex (cells with Dex treatment but without inhibitors), Dex + SB202190, Dex + SP600125, and Dex + PD98059. Cell differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and real time RT-PCR. Cell mineralization was investigated by alizarin red staining. Results Exposure to SB202190 (20 μM) significantly decreased the mineral deposition in Dex-treated cells as demonstrated by alizarin red staining. Treatment of SP600125 (20 μM) attenuated the mineralization as well, albeit at a lower degree as compared to SB202190 (20 μM). Similarly, SB202190 (20 μM) completely abrogated the ALP activity stimulated by Dex at six days in culture, while no changes were observed with regard to ALP activity in SP600125 (20 μM) and PD98059 (20 μM) treated cells. The upregulation of bone sialoprotein (BSP), ALP, and osteopontin (OPN) in Dex challenged cells was completely inhibited by SB202190. Conclusion Blockade of p38-MAPK signaling pathway resulted in significant inhibition of ALP activity, mineralization, and downregulation of osteogenic markers. The data implicated that p38 signaling pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of MDPC-23 cells differentiation and mineralization.
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Ngo VA, Jung JY, Koh JT, Oh WM, Hwang YC, Lee BN. Leptin Induces Odontogenic Differentiation and Angiogenesis in Human Dental Pulp Cells via Activation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. J Endod 2018; 44:585-591. [PMID: 29397219 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Up-regulation of odontogenic differentiation, dentin formation, and angiogenesis in dental pulp are key factors in vital pulp therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether leptin could promote odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). In addition, the involvement of the intracellular signaling pathway in these effects was determined. METHODS The viability of hDPCs treated with leptin was examined using the water soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of odontogenic and angiogenic markers. Western blot analysis was used to measure odontogenic and angiogenic protein expression levels and assess mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway involvement. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining were used to evaluate expression levels of ALP and calcified nodule formation after treatment with leptin and/or the presence of MAPK inhibitors. RESULTS All concentrations of leptin used in this study did not significantly affect the viability of hDPCs. However, mRNA and protein levels of odontogenic and angiogenic markers, ALP activity, and calcified nodule formation were significantly increased in the leptin-treated group compared with those in the control group. Leptin enhanced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases within 5 minutes after treatment. However, leptin-induced dentin sialophosphoprotein and vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression and mineralization were appreciably blocked by the presence of MAPK inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Leptin can induce angiogenesis, odontogenic differentiation, and mineralization in hDPCs via activating the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Anh Ngo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Jung
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea; Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won-Mann Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea; Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea.
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Calcium Hydroxide–induced Proliferation, Migration, Osteogenic Differentiation, and Mineralization via the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2016; 42:1355-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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