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Liu C, Wu X, Yang H, Xu X, Chen C, Wu L, Zhang W, Shi H, Fei Y, Sun Y, Wu H, Zhou S, Fang B. A retrospective study of Reyanning mixture in elderly patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1185122. [PMID: 37547325 PMCID: PMC10399593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1185122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Reyanning mixture has been demonstrated to be effective in treating infected patients during the outbreak pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shanghai 2022. The aim of this study is to further investigate the role of Reyanning mixture specifically in the treatment of elderly patients. Methods: This study enrolled 1,102 elderly patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Of these, 291 patients received Reyanning mixture in conjunction with conventional Western medicine treatment were assigned to the treatment group, while 811 patients only received conventional Western medicine treatment were assigned to the control group. Clinical parameters including hospitalization duration, viral shedding time, and Cycle Threshold (Ct) values of novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests, as well as adverse events were recorded and analyzed in both groups. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between two groups. In comparison to the control group, the treatment group demonstrated a substantial difference in hospitalization duration (median: 8 days vs. 10 days, HR: 0.638, 95% CI: 0.558-0.731, p < 0.001). The treatment group also showed a significantly shorter viral shedding time compared to the control group (median: 7 days vs. 8 days, HR: 0.754, 95% CI: 0.659-0.863, p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model analysis indicated that the use of Reyanning mixture was closely associated with a reduction in hospitalization duration (HR: 1.562, 95% CI: 1.364-1.789, p < 0.001) and viral shedding time (HR: 1.335, 95% CI: 1.166-1.528, p < 0.001). In addition, during the treatment process, no serious adverse event occurred in either group. Conclusion: The improvement of clinical parameters in the treatment group indicate a promising therapeutic benefit of Reyanning mixture for elderly patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the present study. Further investigations are required to validate this finding by examining the underlying mechanism and function of Reyanning mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changya Liu
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqiang Yang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Xu
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linguangjin Wu
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haimei Shi
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuerong Fei
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongze Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Nephropathy Clinical Research Center, Jiujiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liu Y, Xia K, Liu S, Wang W, Li G. Ginseng as a Key Immune Response Modulator in Chinese Medicine: From Antipandemic History to COVID-19 Management. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 51:19-34. [PMID: 36419254 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine storm plays an indispensable role in the severe and critical illness and death of the COVID-19 vulnerable population. Thus, suppressing the cytokine storm is of great significance. Ginseng is a traditional Chinese herb originally used for improving physiological conditions and ameliorating disease. Common throughout the history of ancient Chinese medicine is utilizing ginseng as a major ingredient to successfully fight various pandemics, and the most famous decoction is Renshen Baidu powder. In recent years, ginseng has been observed to provide preventive and therapeutic benefits in the treatment of various conditions by suppressing hyper-inflammation, inhibiting virus intrusion, and balancing the host's immunity. This paper summarizes the ancient Chinese medicine books' recordings of, the clinical practice of, and the laboratory exploration of ginseng for the treatment of pandemics and COVID-19. Ginseng and its active ingredients were found to downregulate inflammatory cytokines, upregulate anti-inflammatory cytokines, stimulate the secretion of the antiviral cytokine IFN-[Formula: see text], prevent viral entry and replication, and improve viral clearance. Furthermore, ginseng modulates both natural and acquired immunity during viral infection. Collectively, we propose that ginseng can act as a key immune response modulator against the cytokine storm of COVID-19. This paper may provide a new approach to discover specific medications using ginseng to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Kun Xia
- Department of Respiratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Shixu Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Guangxi Li
- Department of Respiratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
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Zhao S, Wu W, Lin X, Shen M, Yang Z, Yu S, Luo Y. Protective effects of dexmedetomidine in vital organ injury: crucial roles of autophagy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:34. [PMID: 35508984 PMCID: PMC9066865 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vital organ injury is one of the leading causes of global deaths. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that dexmedetomidine (DEX) has an outstanding protective effect on multiple organs for its antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic properties, while the underlying molecular mechanism is not clearly understood. Autophagy, an adaptive catabolic process, has been found to play a crucial role in the organ-protective effects of DEX. Herein, we present a first attempt to summarize all the evidence on the proposed roles of autophagy in the action of DEX protecting against vital organ injuries via a comprehensive review. We found that most of the relevant studies (17/24, 71%) demonstrated that the modulation of autophagy was inhibited under the treatment of DEX on vital organ injuries (e.g. brain, heart, kidney, and lung), but several studies suggested that the level of autophagy was dramatically increased after administration of DEX. Albeit not fully elucidated, the underlying mechanisms governing the roles of autophagy involve the antiapoptotic properties, inhibiting inflammatory response, removing damaged mitochondria, and reducing oxidative stress, which might be facilitated by the interaction with multiple associated genes (i.e., hypoxia inducible factor-1α, p62, caspase-3, heat shock 70 kDa protein, and microRNAs) and signaling cascades (i.e., mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-kappa B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases pathway). The authors conclude that DEX hints at a promising strategy in the management of vital organ injuries, while autophagy is crucially involved in the protective effect of DEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weizhou Wu
- Department of Urology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuezheng Lin
- Department of Anesthesia Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Maolei Shen
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Anesthesia Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Sicong Yu
- Department of Anesthesia Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Anesthesia Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China.
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