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Chen J, Cheng J, Li F, Deng Y, Li Y, Li H, Zeng J, You Y, Zhou X, Chen Q, Luo R, Lai Y, Zhao X. Gut microbiome and metabolome alterations in traditional Chinese medicine damp-heat constitution following treatment with a Chinese patent medicine and lifestyle intervention. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 131:155787. [PMID: 38851100 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is crucial in human health and diseases. Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution (TCMC) divides people into those with a balanced constitution (Ping-he [PH]) and those with an unbalanced constitution. Dampness-heat constitution (Shi-re [SR]) is a common unbalanced constitution in the Chinese population and is susceptible to diseases. However, unbalanced constitutions can be regulated by Chinese medicine and lifestyle interventions in clinical practice. Ermiao Pill (EMP) is a Chinese medicine known for clearing heat and draining dampness and improving SR. However, the efficacy and mechanism of EMP are unclear. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To determine alterations in the gut microbiota and metabolome in SR and any changes after EMP treatment combined with lifestyle intervention. STUDY DESIGN Randomized clinical trial. METHODS We enrolled 112 healthy SR individuals and evaluated the efficacy of EMP along with lifestyle interventions. We further assessed serum cytokine levels, serum and urinary metabolomes, and the gut microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis before and after the EMP and lifestyle interventions. RESULTS 107 SR individuals (55 in the intervention group and 52 in the control group) completed the 1-month-intervention and 1-year-follow-up. The intervention group significantly improved their health status within 1 month, with a reduced SR symptom score, and the efficacy lasted to the 1-year follow-up. The control group needed a further 6 months to reduce the SR symptom score. The gut microbiota of PH individuals was more diverse and had significantly higher proportions of many bacterial species than the SR. Microbiota co-occurrence network analysis showed that SR enriches metabolites correlating with microbial community structure, consistent with traits of healthy SR-enriched microbiota. CONCLUSION EMP combined with lifestyle intervention produced health benefits in SR individuals. Our study indicates a pivotal role of gut microbiota and metabolome alterations in distinguishing between healthy SR and PH. Furthermore, the study reveals structural changes of gut microbiota and metabolites induced by EMP and lifestyle intervention. The treatment enriched the number of beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus in the gut. Our findings provide a strong indication that several metabolite factors are associated with the gut microbiota. Moreover, the gut microbiome and metabolome might be powerful tools for TCMC diagnosis and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jingru Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fei Li
- Oncology Department, People's Hospital of Boluo County, Huizhou, 516100, China
| | - Yijian Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yutong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haipeng Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jingyi Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanting You
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xinghong Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qinghong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ren Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yigui Lai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China.
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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Varela JL, Nikouli E, Medina A, Papaspyrou S, Kormas K. The gills and skin microbiota of five pelagic fish species from the Atlantic Ocean. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00524-8. [PMID: 38740652 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The gills and skin microbiota and microbiome of wild fish remain far more under-investigated compared to that of farmed fish species, despite that these animal-microbe interactions hold the same ecophysiological roles in both cases. In this study, the gills and skin bacterial microbiota profiles and their presumptive bacterial metabolisms were investigated in five open-sea fishes: bullet tuna (Auxis sp.), common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus), Atlantic little tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus), Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) and Atlantic white marlin (Kajikia albida). Gills and skin tissues were collected from two to three individuals per species, from specimens caught by recreational trolling during summer of 2019, and their bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity was analysed by high-throughput sequencing. The gills bacterial communities among the five species were clearly different but not the skin bacterial microbiota. The dominant operational taxonomic units belonged to the Moraxellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Staphylococcaceae and Vibrionaceae families. Despite the differences in taxonomic composition, the presumptive bacterial metabolisms between the gills and skin of the five fishes investigated here were ≥ 94% similar and were dominated by basic metabolism, most likely reflecting the continuous exposure of these tissues in the surrounding seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Varela
- Department of Biology, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Eleni Nikouli
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 384 46, Volos, Greece
| | - Antonio Medina
- Department of Biology, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Sokratis Papaspyrou
- Department of Biology, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Kormas
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 384 46, Volos, Greece.
- Agricultural Development Institute, University Research and Innovation Centre "IASON", Argonafton & Filellinon, 382 21, Volos, Greece.
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Huang K, Li F, Liu Y, Liang B, Qu P, Yang L, Han S, Li W, Mo X, Dong L, Lin Y. Multi-omics analyses reveal interactions between the skin microbiota and skin metabolites in atopic dermatitis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1349674. [PMID: 38559353 PMCID: PMC10978668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1349674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. Skin microecological imbalance is an important factor in the pathogenesis of AD, but the underlying mechanism of its interaction with humans remains unclear. Methods 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted to reveal the skin microbiota dynamics. Changes in skin metabolites were tracked by LC-MS metabolomics. We then explored the potential mechanism of interaction by analyzing the correlation between skin bacterial communities and metabolites in corresponding skin-associated samples. Results Samples from 18 AD patients and 18 healthy volunteers (HVs) were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS metabolomics. AD patients had dysbiosis of the skin bacterial community with decreased species richness and evenness. The relative abundance of the genus Staphylococcus increased significantly in AD, while the abundances of the genera Propionibacterium and Brevundimonas decreased significantly. The relative abundance of the genera Staphylococcus in healthy females was significantly higher than those in healthy males, while it showed no difference in AD patients with or without lesions. The effects of AD status, sex and the presence or absence of rashes on the number of differentially abundant metabolites per capita were successively reduced. Multiple metabolites involved in purine metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism pathways (such as xanthosine/xanthine and L-phenylalanine/trans-cinnamate) were increased in AD patients. These trends were much more obvious between female AD patients and female HVs. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the genus Staphylococcus was positively correlated with various compounds involved in phenylalanine metabolism and purine metabolic pathways. The genera Brevundimonas and Lactobacillus were negatively correlated with various compounds involved in purine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and sphingolipid signaling pathways. Discussion We suggest that purine metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism pathway disorders may play a certain role in the pathogenic mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus in AD. We also found that females are more likely to be colonized by the genus Staphylococcus than males. Differentially abundant metabolites involved in purine metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism pathways were more obvious in female. However, we should notice that the metabolites we detected do not necessarily derived from microbes, they may also origin from the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyao Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoying Liang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinghua Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Han
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Purohit A, Kandiyal B, Kumar S, Pragasam AK, Kamboj P, Talukdar D, Verma J, Sharma V, Sarkar S, Mahajan D, Yadav R, Ahmed R, Nanda R, Dikshit M, Banerjee SK, Shalimar, Das B. Collinsella aerofaciens linked with increased ethanol production and liver inflammation contribute to the pathophysiology of NAFLD. iScience 2024; 27:108764. [PMID: 38313048 PMCID: PMC10837629 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging global health problem and a potential risk factor for metabolic diseases. The bidirectional interactions between liver and gut made dysbiotic gut microbiome one of the key risk factors for NAFLD. In this study, we reported an increased abundance of Collinsella aerofaciens in the gut of obese and NASH patients living in India. We isolated C. aerofaciens from the fecal samples of biopsy-proven NASH patients and observed that their genome is enriched with carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and pro-inflammatory functions and have the potency to increase ethanol level in blood. An animal study indicated that mice supplemented with C. aerofaciens had increased levels of circulatory ethanol, high levels of hepatic hydroxyproline, triglyceride, and inflammation in the liver. The present findings indicate that perturbation in the gut microbiome composition is a key risk factor for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Purohit
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Bharti Kandiyal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Shakti Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Agila Kumari Pragasam
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Parul Kamboj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Daizee Talukdar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Jyoti Verma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Vipin Sharma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Soumalya Sarkar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Dinesh Mahajan
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Rajni Yadav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Riya Ahmed
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ranjan Nanda
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Sanjay K. Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Bhabatosh Das
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121004, India
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Gao Q, Bi D, Li B, Ni M, Pang D, Li X, Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhao Q, Zhu C. The Association Between Branched-Chain Amino Acid Concentrations and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Preschool-Aged Children. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03965-4. [PMID: 38265552 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have linked branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism disorders with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the results have been inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between BCAA concentrations and the risk of ASD. A total of 313 participants were recruited from two tertiary referral hospitals from May 2018 to July 2021. Concentrations of BCAAs in dried blood spots were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis. Multivariate analyses and restricted cubic spline models were used to identify the association between BCAAs and the risk of ASD, and a nomogram was developed by using multivariate logistic regression and the risk was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and calibration curve analysis. Concentrations of total BCAA, valine, and leucine/isoleucine were higher in the ASD group, and all of them were positively and non-linearly associated with the risk of ASD even after adjusting for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, body mass index, and concentrations of BCAAs (P < 0.05). The nomogram integrating total BCAA and valine showed a good discriminant AUC value of 0.756 (95% CI 0.676-0.835). The model could yield net benefits across a reasonable range of risk thresholds. In the stratified analysis, the diagnostic ability of the model was more pronounced in children older than 3 years. We provide evidence that increased levels of BCAAs are associated with the risk of ASD, and the nomogram model of BCAAs presented here can serve as a marker for the early diagnosis of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dan Bi
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Henan Newborn Screening Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450054, China
| | - Dizhou Pang
- Center for Child Behavioral Development, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xian Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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