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Mao R, Hu M, Liu X, Ye L, Xu B, Sun M, Xu S, Shao W, Tan Y, Xu Y, Bai F, Shu S. Impairments of GABAergic transmission in hippocampus mediate increased susceptibility of epilepsy in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:147. [PMID: 38388921 PMCID: PMC10885444 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are often co-morbid with unprovoked seizures, making clinical diagnosis and management difficult. Although it has an important role in both AD and epilepsy, abnormal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission is recognized only as a compensative change for glutamatergic damage. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signaling can promote GABA release and suppress epileptogenesis, but its effects on cognition in AD are still controversial. METHODS Four-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice (APP mice) were used as animal models in the early stage of AD in this study. Acute/chronic chemical-kindling epilepsy models were established with pentylenetetrazol. Electroencephalogram and Racine scores were performed to assess seizures. Behavioral tests were used to assess cognition and emotion. Electrophysiology, western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the alterations in synapses, GABAergic system components and NRG1-ErbB4 signaling. Furthermore, NRG1 was administrated intracerebroventricularly into APP mice and then its antiepileptic and cognitive effects were evaluated. RESULTS APP mice had increased susceptibility to epilepsy and resulting hippocampal synaptic damage and cognitive impairment. Electrophysiological analysis revealed decreased GABAergic transmission in the hippocampus. This abnormal GABAergic transmission involved a reduction in the number of parvalbumin interneurons (PV+ Ins) and decreased levels of GABA synthesis and transport. We also found impaired NRG1-ErbB4 signaling which mediated by PV+ Ins loss. And NRG1 administration could effectively reduce seizures and improve cognition in four-month-old APP mice. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that abnormal GABAergic transmission mediated hippocampal hyperexcitability, further excitation/inhibition imbalance, and promoted epileptogenesis in the early stage of AD. Appropriate NRG1 administration could down-regulate seizure susceptibility and rescue cognitive function. Our study provided a potential direction for intervening in the co-morbidity of AD and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengsha Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingsong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxuan Shao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, China.
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shu Shu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, China.
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Aromolaran KA, Do J, Bernardi J, Aromolaran AS. mTOR Modulation of IKr through hERG1b-Dependent Mechanisms in Lipotoxic Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8061. [PMID: 35897638 PMCID: PMC9329916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the atria, the rapid delayed rectifier channel (IKr) is a critical contributor to repolarization. In lipotoxic atria, increased activity of the serine/threonine mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) may remodel IKr and predispose patients to arrhythmias. To investigate whether mTOR produced defects in IKr channel function (protein expression and gating mechanisms), electrophysiology and biochemical assays in HEK293 cells stably expressing hERG1a/1b, and adult guinea pig atrial myocytes were used. Feeding with the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid high-fat diet (HFD) was used to induce lipotoxicity. Lipotoxicity-challenged HEK293 cells displayed an increased density of hERG1a/1b currents due to a targeted and significant increase in hERG1b protein expression. Furthermore, lipotoxicity significantly slowed the hERG1a/1b inactivation kinetics, while the activation and deactivation remained essentially unchanged. mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibition with rapamycin (RAP) reversed the increase in hERG1a/1b density and inactivation. Compared to lipotoxic myocytes, RAP-treated cells displayed action potential durations (APDs) and IKr densities similar to those of controls. HFD feeding triggered arrhythmogenic changes (increased the IKr density and shortened the APD) in the atria, but this was not observed in low-fat-fed controls. The data are the first to show the modulation of IKr by mTORC1, possibly through the remodeling of hERG1b, in lipotoxic atrial myocytes. These results offer mechanistic insights with implications for targeted therapeutic options for the therapy of acquired supraventricular arrhythmias in obesity and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Aromolaran
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Jenny Do
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY 13501, USA; (J.D.); (J.B.)
| | - Joyce Bernardi
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY 13501, USA; (J.D.); (J.B.)
| | - Ademuyiwa S. Aromolaran
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY 13501, USA; (J.D.); (J.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Clerc N, Moqrich A. Diverse roles and modulations of I A in spinal cord pain circuits. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110588. [PMID: 35354022 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights recent findings of different amplitude ranges, roles, and modulations of A-type K+ currents (IA) in excitatory (GAD67-GFP-) and inhibitory (GAD67-GFP+) interneurons in mouse spinal cord pain pathways. Endogenous neuropeptides, such as TAFA4, oxytocin, and dynorphin in particular, have been reported to modulate IA in these pain pathways, but only TAFA4 has been shown to fully reverse the opposing modulations that occur selectively in LIIo GAD67-GFP- and LIIi GAD67-GFP+ interneurons following both neuropathic and inflammatory pain. If, as hypothesized here, Kv4 subunits underlie IA in both GAD67-GFP- and GAD67-GFP+ interneurons, then IA diversity in spinal cord pain pathways may depend on the interneuron-subtype-selective expression of Kv4 auxiliary subunits with functionally different N-terminal variants. Thus, IA emerges as a good candidate for explaining the mechanisms underlying injury-induced mechanical hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Clerc
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, UMR 7288, Case 907, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Aziz Moqrich
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, UMR 7288, Case 907, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
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Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhou D, Li H, Xu Y. ErbB4 mediates amyloid β-induced neurotoxicity through JNK/tau pathway activation: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:3497-3512. [PMID: 34212389 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously showed that ErbB4 in parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons was associated with Aβ-induced cognitive deficits; however, the underlying mechanism remains undetermined. Here we found that specific deletion of ErbB4 in PV neurons significantly attenuated oligomeric Aβ-induced neuronal toxicity and inhibited Aβ-induced decreases of PSD95 and synaptophysin. Moreover, specific ablation of ErbB4 in PV neurons altered activity-related protein c-Fos and decreased hippocampal PV neurons, especially in the dentate gyrus (DG) of hAPP-J20 mice. Furthermore, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a protein downstream of ErbB4, was activated by Aβ but not ErbB4's ligand neuregulin 1 (NRG1) β1, suggesting different downstream pathways for Aβ and NRG1β1. JNK phosphorylation was inhibited by the ErbB4 inhibitor AG1478 and by pretreatment with NRG1β1. More importantly, siRNA knockdown of ErbB4 decreased JNK phosphorylation and expression, tau phosphorylation at Ser396 and Thr 205, and Bax expression. Therefore, ErbB4 might mediate Aβ-induced neuropathology through the JNK/tau pathway and represent a potential therapeutic target in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of MOH, Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of MOH, Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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Wang J, Huang J, Yao S, Wu JH, Li HB, Gao F, Wang Y, Huang GB, You QL, Li J, Chen X, Sun XD. The ketogenic diet increases Neuregulin 1 expression via elevating histone acetylation and its anti-seizure effect requires ErbB4 kinase activity. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:93. [PMID: 34020711 PMCID: PMC8139023 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ketogenic diet (KD)has been considered an effective treatment for epilepsy, whereas its underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We have previously reported that the KD feeding increased Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) expression in the hippocampus; disruption of NRG1 signaling by genetically deleting its receptor-ErbB4 abolished KDs effects on inhibitory synaptic activity and seizures. However, it is still unclear about the mechanisms underlying the effect of KD on NRG1 expression and whether the effects of KD require ErbB4 kinase activity. Methods The effects of the KD on NRG1 expression were assessed via western blotting and real-time PCR. Acetylation level at the Nrg1 promoter locus was examined using the chromatin immunoprecipitation technique. Kainic acid (KA)-induced acute seizure model was utilized to examine the effects of KD and histone deacetylase inhibitor-TSA on seizures. Synaptic activities in the hippocampus were recorded with the technique of electrophysiology. The obligatory role of ErbB4 kinase activity in KDs effects on seizures and inhibitory synaptic activity was evaluated by using ErbB kinase antagonist and transgenic mouse-T796G. Results We report that KD specifically increases Type I NRG1 expression in the hippocampus. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation technique, we observe increased acetylated-histone occupancy at the Nrg1 promoter locus of KD-fed mice. Treatment of TSA dramatically elevates NRG1 expression and diminishes the difference between the effects of the control diet (CD) and KD. These data indicate that KD increases NRG1 expression via up-regulating histone acetylation. Moreover, both pharmacological and genetic inhibitions of ErbB4 kinase activity significantly block the KDs effects on inhibitory synaptic activity and seizure, suggesting an essential role of ErbB4 kinase activity. Conclusion These results strengthen our understanding of the role of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in KD and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions for epilepsy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00611-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Shan Yao
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hui-Bin Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Guo-Bin Huang
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Qiang-Long You
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| | - Xiang-Dong Sun
- Emergency Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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Wang J, Huang J, Li YQ, Yao S, Wu CH, Wang Y, Gao F, Xu MD, Huang GB, Zhao CQ, Wu JH, Zhang YL, Jiao R, Deng ZH, Jie W, Li HB, Xuan A, Sun XD. Neuregulin 1/ErbB4 signaling contributes to the anti-epileptic effects of the ketogenic diet. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:29. [PMID: 33536056 PMCID: PMC7860047 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ketogenic diet (KD) has been recognized as a potentially effective therapy to treat neuropsychiatric diseases, including epilepsy. Previous studies have indicated that KD treatment elevates γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA) levels in both human and murine brains, which presumably contributes to the KD’s anti-seizure effects. However, this has not been systematically investigated at the synaptic level, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Methods Kainic acid (KA)-induced acute and chronic seizure models were utilized to examine the effects of KD treatment on seizure threshold and epileptogenesis. Synaptic activities in the hippocampus were recorded with the technique of electrophysiology. The effects of the KD on Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) expression were assessed via RNA sequencing, real-time PCR and Western blotting. The obligatory role of Nrg1 in KD’s effects on seizures was evaluated through disruption of Nrg1 signaling in mice by genetically deleting its receptor-ErbB4. Results We found that KD treatment suppressed seizures in both acute and chronic seizure models and enhanced presynaptic GABA release probability in the hippocampus. By screening molecular targets linked to GABAergic activity with transcriptome analysis, we identified that KD treatment dramatically increased the Nrg1 gene expression in the hippocampus. Disruption of Nrg1 signaling by genetically deleting its receptor-ErbB4 abolished KD’s effects on GABAergic activity and seizures. Conclusion Our findings suggest a critical role of Nrg1/ErbB4 signaling in mediating KD’s effects on GABAergic activity and seizures, shedding light on developing new therapeutic interventions to seizure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yuan-Quan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Department of Neurology of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511518, China
| | - Shan Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Cui-Hong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Min-Dong Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Guo-Bin Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Chang-Qin Zhao
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Renjie Jiao
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zi-Hao Deng
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wei Jie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hui-Bin Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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Shi Z, Lei Z, Wu F, Xia L, Ruan Y, Xu ZC. Increased Sestrin3 Contributes to Post-ischemic Seizures in the Diabetic Condition. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:591207. [PMID: 33519354 PMCID: PMC7843462 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.591207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are among the most common neurological sequelae of stroke, and diabetes notably increases the incidence of post-ischemic seizures. Recent studies have indicated that Sestrin3 (SESN3) is a regulator of a proconvulsant gene network in human epileptic hippocampus. But the association of SESN3 and post-ischemic seizures in diabetes remains unclear. The present study aimed to reveal the involvement of SESN3 in seizures following transient cerebral ischemia in diabetes. Diabetes was induced in adult male mice and rats via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Forebrain ischemia (15 min) was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, the 2-vessel occlusion (2VO) in mice and 4-vessel occlusion (4VO) in rats. Our results showed that 59% of the diabetic wild-type mice developed seizures after ischemia while no seizures were observed in non-diabetic mice. Although no apparent cell death was detected in the hippocampus of seizure mice within 24 h after the ischemic insult, the expression of SESN3 was significantly increased in seizure diabetic mice after ischemia. The post-ischemic seizure incidence significantly decreased in SESN3 knockout mice. Furthermore, all diabetic rats suffered from post-ischemic seizures and non-diabetic rats have no seizures. Electrophysiological recording showed an increased excitatory synaptic transmission and intrinsic membrane excitability in dentate granule cells of the rat hippocampus, together with decreased I A currents and Kv4.2 expression levels. The above results suggest that SESN3 up-regulation may contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability and seizure generation in diabetic animals after ischemia. Further studies are needed to explore the molecular mechanism of SESN3 in seizure generation after ischemia in diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute for CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Lei
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Fan Wu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luoxing Xia
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute for CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Ruan
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute for CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zao C Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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8
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Novel compounds for the modulation of mTOR and autophagy to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Signal 2020; 65:109442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Xia Q, Wang H, Yin H, Yang Z. Excessive corticosterone induces excitotoxicity of hippocampal neurons and sensitivity of potassium channels via insulin-signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:119-128. [PMID: 30284676 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Corticosterone (CORT) is a kind of corticosteroid produced by cortex of adrenal glands. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperfunction leads to excessive CORT, which is associated with depression. Few studies have investigated the role of CORT in voltage-gated ion channels and its upstream signaling pathway in central nervous system. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of excessive CORT resulting in brain impairment on voltage-gated ion channels, and its upstream signaling effectors in hippocampal CA1 neurons. The action potential (AP) and voltage-gated potassium currents were determined by using whole-cell patch-clamp. Insulin and CORT improved the neuronal excitability. Independent effects existed in transient potassium channel (IA) and delay rectifier potassium channel (IK). The inhibition of potassium currents, IA in our experiment, could increase neuronal excitability. CORT led to the excitotoxicity of hippocampal neurons via phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-mediated insulin-signaling pathway. Therefore, the stimulation of excessive CORT induces excitotoxicity of hippocampal neurons and sensitivity of potassium channels via PI3K-mediated insulin-signaling pathway, which indicates one possible way of depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xia
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hongqiang Yin
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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10
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Zhang H, He X, Mei Y, Ling Q. Ablation of ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive interneurons inhibits adult hippocampal neurogenesis through down-regulating BDNF/TrkB expression. J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:2482-2492. [PMID: 30329159 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV) positive interneurons in the subgranular zone (SGZ) can regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. ErbB4 is mainly expressed in PV neurons in the hippocampus and is crucial for keeping normal function of PV neurons. However, whether ErbB4 in PV interneurons affects the adult hippocampal neurogenesis remains unknown. In the present study, we deleted ErbB4 specifically in PV neurons by crossing PV-Cre mice with ErbB4f/f mice. Results of BrdU labeling and NeuN staining revealed that the proliferation of neural progenitors was increased but the survival and maturation of newborn neurons were decreased in the hippocampus of mice after deleting ErbB4 in PV neurons, suggesting that ErbB4 in PV neurons is closely associated with the process of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Interestingly, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), was significantly decreased in the hippocampus of ErbB4-deleted mice. Together, our data suggested that ErbB4 in PV neurons might modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis by affecting BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology (Ministry of Health of China), Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology (Ministry of Health of China), Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University Medical PET Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufei Mei
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology (Ministry of Health of China), Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingzhou Ling
- Human resources office, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Tamura H, Shiosaka S, Morikawa S. Trophic modulation of gamma oscillations: The key role of processing protease for Neuregulin-1 and BDNF precursors. Neurochem Int 2018; 119:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Zhao QR, Lu JM, Li ZY, Mei YA. Neuritin promotes neurite and spine growth in rat cerebellar granule cells via L-type calcium channel-mediated calcium influx. J Neurochem 2018; 147:40-57. [PMID: 29920676 PMCID: PMC6220818 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuritin is a neurotrophic factor that is activated by neural activity and neurotrophins. Its major function is to promote neurite growth and branching; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To address this issue, this study investigated the effects of neuritin on neurite and spine growth and intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Incubation of CGNs for 24 h with neuritin increased neurite length and spine density; this effect was mimicked by insulin and abolished by inhibiting insulin receptor (IR) or mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) activity. Calcium imaging and western blot analysis revealed that neuritin enhanced the increase in intracellular Ca2+ level induced by high K+, and stimulated the cell surface expression of CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 α subunits of the L‐type calcium channel, which was suppressed by inhibition of IR or mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase/ERK. Treatment with inhibitors of L‐type calcium channels, calmodulin, and calcineurin (CaN) abrogated the effects of neuritin on neurite length and spine density. A similar result was obtained by silencing nuclear factor of activated T cells c4, which is known to be activated by neuritin in CGNs. These results indicate that IR and ERK signaling as well as the Ca2+/CaN/nuclear factor of activated T cells c4 axis mediate the effects of neuritin on neurite and spine growth in CGNs. Open Practices
Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials Badge. For more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/ ![]()
Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14195.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ru Zhao
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Mei Lu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Ai Mei
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Müller T, Braud S, Jüttner R, Voigt BC, Paulick K, Sheean ME, Klisch C, Gueneykaya D, Rathjen FG, Geiger JR, Poulet JF, Birchmeier C. Neuregulin 3 promotes excitatory synapse formation on hippocampal interneurons. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798858. [PMID: 30049711 PMCID: PMC6120667 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal GABAergic interneurons are crucial for cortical network function and have been implicated in psychiatric disorders. We show here that Neuregulin 3 (Nrg3), a relatively little investigated low-affinity ligand, is a functionally dominant interaction partner of ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons. Nrg3 and ErbB4 are located pre- and postsynaptically, respectively, in excitatory synapses on PV interneurons in vivo Additionally, we show that ablation of Nrg3 results in a similar phenotype as the one described for ErbB4 ablation, including reduced excitatory synapse numbers on PV interneurons, altered short-term plasticity, and disinhibition of the hippocampal network. In culture, presynaptic Nrg3 increases excitatory synapse numbers on ErbB4+ interneurons and affects short-term plasticity. Nrg3 mutant neurons are poor donors of presynaptic terminals in the presence of competing neurons that produce recombinant Nrg3, and this bias requires postsynaptic ErbB4 but not ErbB4 kinase activity. Furthermore, when presented by non-neuronal cells, Nrg3 induces postsynaptic membrane specialization. Our data indicate that Nrg3 provides adhesive cues that facilitate excitatory neurons to synapse onto ErbB4+ interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Müller
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Braud
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - René Jüttner
- Developmental Neurobiology Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit C Voigt
- Neural Circuits and Behaviour Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Paulick
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria E Sheean
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Constantin Klisch
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dilansu Gueneykaya
- Cellular Neuroscience Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fritz G Rathjen
- Developmental Neurobiology Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Rp Geiger
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - James Fa Poulet
- Neural Circuits and Behaviour Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Neuroscience Research Center and Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Birchmeier
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max-Delbrueck-Centrum in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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14
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High glucose forces a positive feedback loop connecting ErbB4 expression and mTOR/S6K pathway to aggravate the formation of tau hyperphosphorylation in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 67:171-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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mTOR-Dependent Cell Proliferation in the Brain. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7082696. [PMID: 29259984 PMCID: PMC5702949 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7082696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) is a molecular complex equipped with kinase activity which controls cell viability being key in the PI3K/PTEN/Akt pathway. mTOR acts by integrating a number of environmental stimuli to regulate cell growth, proliferation, autophagy, and protein synthesis. These effects are based on the modulation of different metabolic pathways. Upregulation of mTOR associates with various pathological conditions, such as obesity, neurodegeneration, and brain tumors. This is the case of high-grade gliomas with a high propensity to proliferation and tissue invasion. Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a WHO grade IV malignant, aggressive, and lethal glioma. To date, a few treatments are available although the outcome of GBM patients remains poor. Experimental and pathological findings suggest that mTOR upregulation plays a major role in determining an aggressive phenotype, thus determining relapse and chemoresistance. Among several activities, mTOR-induced autophagy suppression is key in GBM malignancy. In this article, we discuss recent evidence about mTOR signaling and its role in normal brain development and pathological conditions, with a special emphasis on its role in GBM.
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16
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Combining properties of different classes of PI3Kα inhibitors to understand the molecular features that confer selectivity. Biochem J 2017; 474:2261-2276. [PMID: 28526744 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20161098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are major regulators of many cellular functions, and hyperactivation of PI3K cell signalling pathways is a major target for anticancer drug discovery. PI3Kα is the isoform most implicated in cancer, and our aim is to selectively inhibit this isoform, which may be more beneficial than concurrent inhibition of all Class I PI3Ks. We have used structure-guided design to merge high-selectivity and high-affinity characteristics found in existing compounds. Molecular docking, including the prediction of water-mediated interactions, was used to model interactions between the ligands and the PI3Kα affinity pocket. Inhibition was tested using lipid kinase assays, and active compounds were tested for effects on PI3K cell signalling. The first-generation compounds synthesized had IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values >4 μM for PI3Kα yet were selective for PI3Kα over the other Class I isoforms (β, δ and γ). The second-generation compounds explored were predicted to better engage the affinity pocket through direct and water-mediated interactions with the enzyme, and the IC50 values decreased by ∼30-fold. Cell signalling analysis showed that some of the new PI3Kα inhibitors were more active in the H1047R mutant bearing cell lines SK-OV-3 and T47D, compared with the E545K mutant harbouring MCF-7 cell line. In conclusion, we have used a structure-based design approach to combine features from two different compound classes to create new PI3Kα-selective inhibitors. This provides new insights into the contribution of different chemical units and interactions with different parts of the active site to the selectivity and potency of PI3Kα inhibitors.
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17
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GDF-15 enhances intracellular Ca2+ by increasing Cav1.3 expression in rat cerebellar granule neurons. Biochem J 2016; 473:1895-904. [PMID: 27114559 PMCID: PMC4925162 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
GDF-15 (growth/differentiation factor 15) is a novel member of the TGF (transforming growth factor)-β superfamily that has critical roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems. We reported previously that GDF-15 increased delayed rectifier outward K+ currents and Kv2.1 α subunit expression through TβRII (TGF-β receptor II) to activate Src kinase and Akt/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signalling in rat CGNs (cerebellar granule neurons). In the present study, we found that treatment of CGNs with GDF-15 for 24 h increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to membrane depolarization, as determined by Ca2+ imaging. Whole-cell current recordings indicated that GDF-15 increased the inward Ca2+ current (ICa) without altering steady-state activation of Ca2+ channels. Treatment with nifedipine, an inhibitor of L-type Ca2+ channels, abrogated GDF-15-induced increases in [Ca2+]i and ICa. The GDF-15-induced increase in ICa was mediated via up-regulation of the Cav1.3 α subunit, which was attenuated by inhibiting Akt/mTOR and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) pathways and by pharmacological inhibition of Src-mediated TβRII phosphorylation. Given that Cav1.3 is not only a channel for Ca2+ influx, but also a transcriptional regulator, our data confirm that GDF-15 induces protein expression via TβRII and activation of a non-Smad pathway, and provide novel insight into the mechanism of GDF-15 function in neurons.
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18
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Neuregulin 1 signalling modulates mGluR1 function in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:959-73. [PMID: 25266126 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a trophic factor that has an essential role in the nervous system by modulating neurodevelopment, neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Despite the evidence that NRG1 and its receptors, ErbB tyrosine kinases, are expressed in mesencephalic dopaminergic nuclei and their functional alterations are reported in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, the role of NRG1/ErbB signalling in dopaminergic neurons remains unclear. Here we found that NRG1 selectively increases the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1)-activated currents by inducing synthesis and trafficking to membrane of functional receptors and stimulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-Akt-mTOR) pathway, which is required for mGluR1 function. Notably, an endogenous NRG1/ErbB tone is necessary to maintain mGluR1 function, by preserving its surface membrane expression in dopaminergic neurons. Consequently, it enables striatal mGluR1-induced dopamine outflow in in vivo conditions. Our results identify a novel role of NRG1 in the dopaminergic neurons, whose functional alteration might contribute to devastating diseases, such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.
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19
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Zhao D, Lin M, Chen J, Pedrosa E, Hrabovsky A, Fourcade HM, Zheng D, Lachman HM. MicroRNA Profiling of Neurons Generated Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Patients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder, and 22q11.2 Del. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132387. [PMID: 26173148 PMCID: PMC4501820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We are using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to study neuropsychiatric disorders associated with 22q11.2 microdeletions (del), the most common known schizophrenia (SZ)-associated genetic factor. Several genes in the region have been implicated; a promising candidate is DGCR8, which codes for a protein involved in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. We carried out miRNA expression profiling (miRNA-seq) on neurons generated from iPSCs derived from controls and SZ patients with 22q11.2 del. Using thresholds of p<0.01 for nominal significance and 1.5-fold differences in expression, 45 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected (13 lower in SZ and 32 higher). Of these, 6 were significantly down-regulated in patients after correcting for genome wide significance (FDR<0.05), including 4 miRNAs that map to the 22q11.2 del region. In addition, a nominally significant increase in the expression of several miRNAs was found in the 22q11.2 neurons that were previously found to be differentially expressed in autopsy samples and peripheral blood in SZ and autism spectrum disorders (e.g., miR-34, miR-4449, miR-146b-3p, and miR-23a-5p). Pathway and function analysis of predicted mRNA targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs showed enrichment for genes involved in neurological disease and psychological disorders for both up and down regulated miRNAs. Our findings suggest that: i. neurons with 22q11.2 del recapitulate the miRNA expression patterns expected of 22q11.2 haploinsufficiency, ii. differentially expressed miRNAs previously identified using autopsy samples and peripheral cells, both of which have significant methodological problems, are indeed disrupted in neuropsychiatric disorders and likely have an underlying genetic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejian Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Mingyan Lin
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Erika Pedrosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Anastasia Hrabovsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - H. Matthew Fourcade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Herbert M. Lachman
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, United States of America
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Terzić T, Kastelic M, Dolžan V, Plesničar BK. Genetic variability testing of neurodevelopmental genes in schizophrenic patients. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 56:205-11. [PMID: 25529856 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the neurodevelopmental Disrupted In Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1 ), neuregulin 1 (NRG1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and NOTCH4 genes and the clinical symptoms and the occurrence of treatment-resistant schizophrenia in the Slovenian population. We included 138 schizophrenia patients, divided into treatment-responsive and treatment-resistant group and 94 healthy blood donors. All subjects were genotyped for eight polymorphisms (DISC1 rs6675281, DISC1 rs821616, NRG1 rs3735781, NRG1 rs3735782, NRG1 rs10503929, NRG1 rs3924999, BDNF rs6265, NOTCH rs367398) and investigated for associations with clinical variables. NOTCH4 rs367398 AA/AG was significantly associated with worse Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) score. NOTCH4 rs367398 was not statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of treatment-resistant schizophrenia after the correction for multiple testing. Our data indicate that NOTCH4 polymorphism can influence clinical symptoms in Slovenian patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Terzić
- University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Studenec 48, 1260, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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21
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Mei L, Nave KA. Neuregulin-ERBB signaling in the nervous system and neuropsychiatric diseases. Neuron 2014; 83:27-49. [PMID: 24991953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulins (NRGs) comprise a large family of growth factors that stimulate ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases. NRGs and their receptors, ERBBs, have been identified as susceptibility genes for diseases such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder. Recent studies have revealed complex Nrg/Erbb signaling networks that regulate the assembly of neural circuitry, myelination, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. Evidence indicates there is an optimal level of NRG/ERBB signaling in the brain and deviation from it impairs brain functions. NRGs/ERBBs and downstream signaling pathways may provide therapeutic targets for specific neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Mei
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA.
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
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22
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Gómez-Hurtado N, Fernández-Velasco M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Boscá L, Delgado C. Prolonged leptin treatment increases transient outward K⁺ current via upregulation of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 channel subunits in adult rat ventricular myocytes. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:903-14. [PMID: 24046152 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circulating leptin levels are elevated in obesity and hyperleptinaemia has been postulated to be an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Although many studies have been published on the mechanisms involved in the effects of leptin on cardiac function and pathological remodeling, scarce information is currently available analyzing the influence of prolonged leptin treatment on ionic cardiac channels remodeling in adult ventricular myocytes. Enzymatically isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes were treated with leptin or vehicle for 48h. Real-Time RT-PCR were used to analyze mRNA expression of Kir2.1, Cav1.2, Cav 3.1, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 α-subunits and KChIP2 auxiliary subunit. The fast transient outward potassium channels (Itof) α-subunits Kv4.2, Kv4.3 and KChIP2 were analyzed by Western-blot. The fast transient outward potassium current and the action potentials were recorded in isolated myocytes by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Leptin treatment induced an up-regulation of Kv4.2, Kv4.3 and KChIP2 subunits mRNA expression. However, transcriptional levels of Kir2.1, Cav1.2, or Cav3.1 α-subunit channels were unmodified by leptin. Protein expression levels of Kv4.2, Kv4.3 and KChIP2 subunits were also increased by leptin. The electrophysiological study showed that leptin increases the fast transient outward potassium current amplitudes and densities shortening action potential duration. In addition, leptin activated Akt signaling in cardiomyocytes and this mechanism was involved in the effect of leptin on Itof channels. In conclusión, leptin increases both the expression and function of Itof channels in adult ventricular myocytes and this mechanism involves Akt signaling. Altogether these data suggest that leptin could exert beneficial or detrimental effects depending on the initial ventricular myocyte repolarizing reserve.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials
- Animals
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Heart Ventricles/cytology
- Heart Ventricles/metabolism
- Kv Channel-Interacting Proteins/genetics
- Kv Channel-Interacting Proteins/metabolism
- Leptin/pharmacology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology
- Potassium/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Shal Potassium Channels/genetics
- Shal Potassium Channels/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Gómez-Hurtado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Vergara VM, Ulloa A, Calhoun VD, Boutte D, Chen J, Liu J. A three-way parallel ICA approach to analyze links among genetics, brain structure and brain function. Neuroimage 2014; 98:386-94. [PMID: 24795156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-modal data analysis techniques, such as the Parallel Independent Component Analysis (pICA), are essential in neuroscience, medical imaging and genetic studies. The pICA algorithm allows the simultaneous decomposition of up to two data modalities achieving better performance than separate ICA decompositions and enabling the discovery of links between modalities. However, advances in data acquisition techniques facilitate the collection of more than two data modalities from each subject. Examples of commonly measured modalities include genetic information, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI. In order to take full advantage of the available data, this work extends the pICA approach to incorporate three modalities in one comprehensive analysis. Simulations demonstrate the three-way pICA performance in identifying pairwise links between modalities and estimating independent components which more closely resemble the true sources than components found by pICA or separate ICA analyses. In addition, the three-way pICA algorithm is applied to real experimental data obtained from a study that investigate genetic effects on alcohol dependence. Considered data modalities include functional MRI (contrast images during alcohol exposure paradigm), gray matter concentration images from structural MRI and genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The three-way pICA approach identified links between a SNP component (pointing to brain function and mental disorder associated genes, including BDNF, GRIN2B and NRG1), a functional component related to increased activation in the precuneus area, and a gray matter component comprising part of the default mode network and the caudate. Although such findings need further verification, the simulation and in-vivo results validate the three-way pICA algorithm presented here as a useful tool in biomedical data fusion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Vergara
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
| | - Alvaro Ulloa
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - David Boutte
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Jiayu Chen
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Jingyu Liu
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Takei N, Nawa H. mTOR signaling and its roles in normal and abnormal brain development. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:28. [PMID: 24795562 PMCID: PMC4005960 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Target of rapamycin (TOR) was first identified in yeast as a target molecule of rapamycin, an anti-fugal and immunosuppressant macrolide compound. In mammals, its orthologue is called mammalian TOR (mTOR). mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that converges different extracellular stimuli, such as nutrients and growth factors, and diverges into several biochemical reactions, including translation, autophagy, transcription, and lipid synthesis among others. These biochemical reactions govern cell growth and cause cells to attain an anabolic state. Thus, the disruption of mTOR signaling is implicated in a wide array of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and obesity. In the central nervous system, the mTOR signaling cascade is activated by nutrients, neurotrophic factors, and neurotransmitters that enhances protein (and possibly lipid) synthesis and suppresses autophagy. These processes contribute to normal neuronal growth by promoting their differentiation, neurite elongation and branching, and synaptic formation during development. Therefore, disruption of mTOR signaling may cause neuronal degeneration and abnormal neural development. While reduced mTOR signaling is associated with neurodegeneration, excess activation of mTOR signaling causes abnormal development of neurons and glia, leading to brain malformation. In this review, we first introduce the current state of molecular knowledge of mTOR complexes and signaling in general. We then describe mTOR activation in neurons, which leads to translational enhancement, and finally discuss the link between mTOR and normal/abnormal neuronal growth during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Takei
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nawa
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University Niigata, Japan
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Lin M, Zhao D, Hrabovsky A, Pedrosa E, Zheng D, Lachman HM. Heat shock alters the expression of schizophrenia and autism candidate genes in an induced pluripotent stem cell model of the human telencephalon. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94968. [PMID: 24736721 PMCID: PMC3988108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly heritable neuropsychiatric disorders, although environmental factors, such as maternal immune activation (MIA), play a role as well. Cytokines mediate the effects of MIA on neurogenesis and behavior in animal models. However, MIA stimulators can also induce a febrile reaction, which could have independent effects on neurogenesis through heat shock (HS)-regulated cellular stress pathways. However, this has not been well-studied. To help understand the role of fever in MIA, we used a recently described model of human brain development in which induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiate into 3-dimensional neuronal aggregates that resemble a first trimester telencephalon. RNA-seq was carried out on aggregates that were heat shocked at 39°C for 24 hours, along with their control partners maintained at 37°C. 186 genes showed significant differences in expression following HS (p<0.05), including known HS-inducible genes, as expected, as well as those coding for NGFR and a number of SZ and ASD candidates, including SMARCA2, DPP10, ARNT2, AHI1 and ZNF804A. The degree to which the expression of these genes decrease or increase during HS is similar to that found in copy loss and copy gain copy number variants (CNVs), although the effects of HS are likely to be transient. The dramatic effect on the expression of some SZ and ASD genes places HS, and perhaps other cellular stressors, into a common conceptual framework with disease-causing genetic variants. The findings also suggest that some candidate genes that are assumed to have a relatively limited impact on SZ and ASD pathogenesis based on a small number of positive genetic findings, such as SMARCA2 and ARNT2, may in fact have a much more substantial role in these disorders - as targets of common environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Lin
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Dejian Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Anastasia Hrabovsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Erika Pedrosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HML); (D. Zheng)
| | - Herbert M. Lachman
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HML); (D. Zheng)
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27
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Garcia-Junco-Clemente P, Golshani P. PTEN: A master regulator of neuronal structure, function, and plasticity. Commun Integr Biol 2014; 7:e28358. [PMID: 24778766 PMCID: PMC3995733 DOI: 10.4161/cib.28358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten) is a dual protein/lipid phosphatase that dephosphorylates PIP3, thereby inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway. This inhibition ultimately decreases protein translation, cell proliferation and cell growth. In the central nervous system, inhibition of PTEN leads to increased stem cell proliferation, somatic, dendritic and axonal growth, accelerated spine maturation, diminished synaptic plasticity, and altered intrinsic excitability. In agreement with these findings, patients carrying single-copy inactivating mutations of PTEN suffer from autism, macrocephaly, mental retardation, and epilepsy.(1) (-) (9) Understanding the mechanisms through which PTEN modulates the structure, function, and plasticity of cortical networks is a major focus of study. Preventing and reversing the changes induced by loss of Pten in model animals will pave the way for treatments in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peyman Golshani
- Department of Neurology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA USA ; West Los Angeles VA Medical Center; Los Angeles, CA USA
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Kipanyula MJ, Kimaro WH, Yepnjio FN, Aldebasi YH, Farahna M, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Abdel-Magied EM, Seke Etet PF. Signaling pathways bridging fate determination of neural crest cells to glial lineages in the developing peripheral nervous system. Cell Signal 2013; 26:673-82. [PMID: 24378534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fate determination of neural crest cells is an essential step for the development of different crest cell derivatives. Peripheral glia development is marked by the choice of the neural crest cells to differentiate along glial lineages. The molecular mechanism underlying fate acquisition is poorly understood. However, recent advances have identified different transcription factors and genes required for the complex instructive signaling process that comprise both local environmental and cell intrinsic cues. Among others, at least the roles of Sox10, Notch, and neuregulin 1 have been documented in both in vivo and in vitro models. Cooperative interactions of such factors appear to be necessary for the switch from multipotent neural crest cells to glial lineage precursors in the peripheral nervous system. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of fate determination of neural crest cells into different glia subtypes, together with the potential implications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maulilio John Kipanyula
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3016, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | - Wahabu Hamisi Kimaro
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3016, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Faustin N Yepnjio
- Neurology Department, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1937, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yousef H Aldebasi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Farahna
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eltuhami M Abdel-Magied
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Faustin Seke Etet
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
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