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Kim M, Jo H, Jung GY, Oh SS. Molecular Complementarity of Proteomimetic Materials for Target-Specific Recognition and Recognition-Mediated Complex Functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208309. [PMID: 36525617 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As biomolecules essential for sustaining life, proteins are generated from long chains of 20 different α-amino acids that are folded into unique 3D structures. In particular, many proteins have molecular recognition functions owing to their binding pockets, which have complementary shapes, charges, and polarities for specific targets, making these biopolymers unique and highly valuable for biomedical and biocatalytic applications. Based on the understanding of protein structures and microenvironments, molecular complementarity can be exhibited by synthesizable and modifiable materials. This has prompted researchers to explore the proteomimetic potentials of a diverse range of materials, including biologically available peptides and oligonucleotides, synthetic supramolecules, inorganic molecules, and related coordination networks. To fully resemble a protein, proteomimetic materials perform the molecular recognition to mediate complex molecular functions, such as allosteric regulation, signal transduction, enzymatic reactions, and stimuli-responsive motions; this can also expand the landscape of their potential bio-applications. This review focuses on the recognitive aspects of proteomimetic designs derived for individual materials and their conformations. Recent progress provides insights to help guide the development of advanced protein mimicry with material heterogeneity, design modularity, and tailored functionality. The perspectives and challenges of current proteomimetic designs and tools are also discussed in relation to future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsun Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesung Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Gyoo Yeol Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Seung Soo Oh
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea
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Hart NJ, Weber C, Price N, Banuelos A, Schultz M, Huey B, Harnois E, Gibson C, Steyn LV, Papas KK, Lynch RM. Insulinoma-derived pseudo-islets for diabetes research. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C247-C256. [PMID: 34106785 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00466.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The islets of Langerhans of the pancreas are the primary endocrine organ responsible for regulating whole body glucose homeostasis. The use of isolated primary islets for research development and training requires organ resection, careful digestion, and isolation of the islets from nonendocrine tissue. This process is time consuming, expensive, and requires substantial expertise. For these reasons, we sought to develop a more rapidly obtainable and consistent model system with characteristic islet morphology and function that could be employed to train personnel and better inform experiments prior to using isolated rodent and human islets. Immortalized β cell lines reflect several aspects of primary β cells, but cell propagation in monolayer cell culture limits their usefulness in several areas of research, which depend on islet morphology and/or functional assessment. In this manuscript, we describe the propagation and characterization of insulinoma pseudo-islets (IPIs) from a rat insulinoma cell line INS832/3. IPIs were generated with an average diameter of 200 μm, consistent with general islet morphology. The rates of oxygen consumption and mitochondrial oxidation-reduction changes in response to glucose and metabolic modulators were similar to isolated rat islets. In addition, the dynamic insulin secretory patterns of IPIs were similar to primary rat islets. Thus, INS832/3-derived IPIs provide a valuable and convenient model for accelerating islet and diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig Weber
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Nicholas Price
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Alma Banuelos
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Madison Schultz
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Barry Huey
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Emily Harnois
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Cyonna Gibson
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Leah V Steyn
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Klearchos K Papas
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,The BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ronald M Lynch
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,The BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Barella LF, Jain S, Kimura T, Pydi SP. Metabolic roles of G protein-coupled receptor signaling in obesity and type 2 diabetes. FEBS J 2021; 288:2622-2644. [PMID: 33682344 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been increasing steadily worldwide. It is estimated that by 2045 more than 800 million people will be suffering from diabetes. Despite the advancements in modern medicine, more effective therapies for treating obesity and T2D are needed. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have emerged as important drug targets for various chronic diseases, including obesity, T2D, and liver diseases. During the past two decades, many laboratories worldwide focused on understanding the role of GPCR signaling in regulating glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. The information gained from these studies can guide the development of novel therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize recent studies providing insights into the role of GPCR signaling in peripheral, metabolically important tissues such as pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, focusing primarily on the use of mutant animal models and human data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F Barella
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shanu Jain
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Takefumi Kimura
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sai P Pydi
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
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