1
|
Sugimoto T, Sakamaki C, Kimura T, Eguchi T, Miura S, Kamei Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α regulates downstream of tyrosine kinase-7 (Dok-7) expression important for neuromuscular junction formation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1780. [PMID: 38245592 PMCID: PMC10799880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ)-formed between a motor nerve terminal and skeletal muscle fiber-plays an important role in muscle contraction and other muscle functions. Aging and neurodegeneration worsen NMJ formation and impair muscle function. Downstream of tyrosine kinase-7 (Dok-7), expressed in skeletal muscle fibers, is essential for the formation of NMJ. Exercise increases the expression of the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) in skeletal muscles and restores NMJ formation. In this study, we used skeletal muscle-specific PGC1α knockout or overexpression mice to examine the role of PGC1α in regulating Dok-7 expression and NMJ formation. Our findings revealed that Dok-7 expression is regulated by PGC1α, and luciferase activity of the Dok-7 promoter is greatly increased by coexpressing PGC1α and estrogen receptor-related receptor α. Thus, we suggest PGC1α is involved in exercise-mediated restoration of NMJ formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sakamaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tokushi Kimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Eguchi
- Brain-Skeletal Muscle Connection in Aging Project Team, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Miura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu K, Qi A, Ru W, Jiang X, Cao H, Lan X, Huang Y, Lei C, Sun X, Chen H. Insertion/deletions within the bovine FoxO1 gene and their association analysis with growth traits in three Chinese cattle breeds. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2051-2058. [PMID: 35491893 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2068024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
FOXO1 (FKHR) gene, as a transcription factor, plays a vital role in animal growth and development, participating in many biological processes. The aim of this study was to ascertain Insertion/deletions (Indels) polymorphism within bovine FoxO1 gene in 679 Chinese adult cows and associate them with stature traits. Two Indels (named as Indel-3 and Indel-4, recorded as rs383545622 and rs525318770 in NCBI, respectively) were successfully genotyped by the Once PCR method, which was reliable, rapid and cost effective for simultaneous detection of two or more Indels. Indel-3 and Indel-4 were located at the second intron. All four different haplotypes (H1: D3D4, H2: I3D4, H3: D3I4, H4: I3I4) could be identified, and the D (del-) allele, DD (del-/del-) genotype and D3D4 haplotype retained the highest frequency. However, individuals with DI (D3I3, D4I4 or H1H4/H2H3 genotype) showed significantly better phenotypic traits than those with the other genotypes in Nanyang cattle, showing a hybrid vigor. The results implied that this DI genotype can be applied to early selective breeding to improve the productivity of Nanyang cattle. Our results suggested that these two Indels within the bovine FoxO1 gene might be used as genetic markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in cattle breeding and genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ao Qi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenxiu Ru
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaojun Jiang
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Fine Seed Breeding Farm of Shaanxi Province, Fufeng, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Shaanxi Kingbull Livestock Co., LTD, Yangling, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiuzhu Sun
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sawano S, Fukushima M, Akasaka T, Nakamura M, Tatsumi R, Ikeuchi Y, Mizunoya W. Up- and Downregulated Genes after Long-Term Muscle Atrophy Induced by Denervation in Mice Detected Using RNA-Seq. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051111. [PMID: 37240756 DOI: 10.3390/life13051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs rapidly as a result of inactivity. Although there are many reports on changes in gene expression during the early phase of muscle atrophy, the patterns of up-and downregulated gene expression after long-term and equilibrated muscle atrophy are poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively examined the changes in gene expression in long-term denervated mouse muscles using RNA-Seq. The murine right sciatic nerve was denervated, and the mice were housed for five weeks. The cross-sectional areas of the hind limb muscles were measured using an X-ray CT system 35 days after denervation. After 28 d of denervation, the cross-sectional area of the muscle decreased to approximately 65% of that of the intact left muscle and reached a plateau. Gene expression in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles on the 36th day was analyzed using RNA-Seq and validated using RT-qPCR. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that three genes-Adora1, E230016M11Rik, and Gm10718-were upregulated and one gene-Gm20515-was downregulated in the soleus muscle; additionally, four genes-Adora1, E230016M11Rik, Pigh, and Gm15557-were upregulated and one gene-Fzd7-was downregulated in the EDL muscle (FDR < 0.05). Among these genes, E230016M11Rik, one of the long non-coding RNAs, was significantly upregulated in both the muscles. These findings indicate that E230016M11Rik could be a candidate gene for the maintenance of atrophied skeletal muscle size and an atrophic state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Sawano
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| | - Misaki Fukushima
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Taiki Akasaka
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mako Nakamura
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Tatsumi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Ikeuchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Wataru Mizunoya
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang H, Ke Z, Dong S, Du Y, Tang W, Chen M, Yu W, Cheng Q. Eldecalcitol prevents muscle loss by suppressing PI3K/AKT/FOXOs pathway in orchiectomized mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1018480. [PMID: 36386197 PMCID: PMC9650589 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1018480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderly male patients are susceptible to develop osteoporosis and sarcopenia, especially those with fragility fractures, hypogonadism, and prostate cancer with androgen deprivation therapy. However, at present, very few treatments are available for men with sarcopenia. Previous preclinical studies in ovariectomized rats have shown the promising effects of eldecalcitol in ameliorating the bone strength and muscle atrophy. We thus investigated the effects of eldecalcitol on androgen-deficient male mice. Six-week-old male mice underwent orchiectomy (ORX) or sham surgery. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 12/per group), including 1) sham mice, 2) ORX group, 3) ORX eldecalcitol 30 ng/kg, and 4) ORX eldecalcitol 50 ng/kg. Eldecalcitol increased bone mass and strength of femur in ORX mice. Eldecalcitol 30 ng/kg dose completely rescued ORX-induced muscle weakness. The RT-qPCR showed that eldecalcitol enhanced the mRNA levels of type I and IIa fibers. The expression levels of MuRF1 and Atrogin-1 of gastrocnemius in the eldecalcitol groups were much lower than that of the ORX group. It is assumed that eldecalcitol potentially acts via PI3K/AKT/FOXOs signaling pathway. These findings provide evidence for evaluating eldecalcitol as an investigational treatment for male patients with sarcopenia and osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Zhang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Ke
- Medical Division, Chugai Pharma China Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yanping Du
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Chen
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Yu
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qun Cheng,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nakai S, Oyabu M, Hatazawa Y, Akashi S, Kitamura T, Miura S, Kamei Y. FOXO1 suppresses PGC-1β gene expression in skeletal muscles. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1373-1388. [PMID: 32433820 PMCID: PMC7327905 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma coactivator‐1β (PGC‐1β) is a transcriptional regulator whose increased expression activates energy expenditure‐related genes in skeletal muscles. However, how PGC‐1β is regulated remains largely unclear. Here, we show that PGC‐1β gene expression is negatively correlated with the expression of a transcription factor, forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), whose expression is increased during muscle atrophy. In the skeletal muscles of FOXO1‐overexpressing transgenic mice, PGC‐1β gene expression is decreased. Denervation or plaster cast‐based unloading, as well as fasting, increases endogenous FOXO1 expression in skeletal muscles, with decreased PGC‐1β expression. In the skeletal muscles of FOXO1‐knockout mice, the decrease in PGC‐1β expression caused by fasting was attenuated. Tamoxifen‐inducible FOXO1 activation in C2C12 myoblasts causes a marked decrease of PGC‐1β expression. These findings together reveal that FOXO1 activation suppresses PGC‐1β expression. During atrophy with FOXO1 activation, decreased PGC‐1β may decrease energy expenditure and avoid wasting energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Nakai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mamoru Oyabu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukino Hatazawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shiori Akashi
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shinji Miura
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Function by Amino Acids. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010261. [PMID: 31963899 PMCID: PMC7019684 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are components of proteins that also exist free-form in the body; their functions can be divided into (1) nutritional, (2) sensory, and (3) biological regulatory roles. The skeletal muscle, which is the largest organ in the human body, representing ~40% of the total body weight, plays important roles in exercise, energy expenditure, and glucose/amino acid usage—processes that are modulated by various amino acids and their metabolites. In this review, we address the metabolism and function of amino acids in the skeletal muscle. The expression of PGC1α, a transcriptional coactivator, is increased in the skeletal muscle during exercise. PGC1α activates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and is used for energy in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Leucine, a BCAA, and its metabolite, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), both activate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and increase protein synthesis, but the mechanisms of activation appear to be different. The metabolite of valine (another BCAA), β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), is increased by exercise, is secreted by the skeletal muscle, and acts on other tissues, such as white adipose tissue, to increase energy expenditure. In addition, several amino acid-related molecules reportedly activate skeletal muscle function. Oral 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) supplementation can protect against mild hyperglycemia and help prevent type 2 diabetes. β-alanine levels are decreased in the skeletal muscles of aged mice. β-alanine supplementation increased the physical performance and improved the executive function induced by endurance exercise in middle-aged individuals. Further studies focusing on the effects of amino acids and their metabolites on skeletal muscle function will provide data essential for the production of food supplements for older adults, athletes, and individuals with metabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
7
|
A spatial similarity of stereochemical environments formed by amino acid residues defines a common epitope of two non-homologous proteins. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14818. [PMID: 31616018 PMCID: PMC6794283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It is critical for development of high-quality antibodies in research and diagnostics to predict accurately their cross-reactivities with "off-target" molecules, which potentially induce false results. Herein, we report a good example of such a cross-reactivity for an off-target due to a stereochemical environment of epitopes, which does not simply depend on amino acid sequences. We found that significant subpopulation of a polyclonal peptide antibody against Bcnt (Bucentaur) (anti-BCNT-C antibody) cross-reacted with a completely different protein, glutamine synthetase (GS), and identified four amino acids, GYFE, in its C-terminal region as the core amino acids for the cross-reaction. Consistent with this finding, the anti-BCNT-C antibody strongly recognized endogenously and exogenously expressed GS in tissues and cultured cells by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we elucidated that the cross-reaction is caused by a spatial similarity between the stereochemical environments formed by amino acid residues, including the GYFE of GS and the GYIE of Bcnt, rather than by their primary sequences. These results suggest it is critical to comprehensively analyze antibody interactions with target molecules including off-targets with special attention to the physicochemical environments of epitope-paratope interfaces to decrease the risk of false interpretations of results using antibodies in science and clinical applications.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hirose Y, Onishi T, Miura S, Hatazawa Y, Kamei Y. Vitamin D Attenuates FOXO1-Target Atrophy Gene Expression in C2C12 Muscle Cells. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:229-232. [PMID: 29962435 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to be effective for the prevention of muscle atrophy, such as age-related sarcopenia. However, vitamin D action in skeletal muscle tissue and muscle cells is largely unknown. We previously found that a transcription factor, FOXO1 gene expression, was induced in various muscle atrophy conditions causing muscle atrophy by upregulating atrophy-related genes, including atrogin 1 (ubiquitin ligase) and cathepsin L (lysosomal proteinase). In this study, we found that vitamin D inhibited FOXO1-mediated transcriptional activity in a reporter gene assay. Moreover, vitamin D suppressed the glucocorticoid-induced gene expression of atrogin 1 and cathepsin L in C2C12 myoblasts. Thus, vitamin D may prevent muscle atrophy via the FOXO1-mediated pathway in muscle cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Hirose
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Takumi Onishi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Shinji Miura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yukino Hatazawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the human body, depositing energy as protein/amino acids, which are degraded in catabolic conditions such as fasting. Alanine is synthesized and secreted from the skeletal muscle that is used as substrates of gluconeogenesis in the liver. During fasting, the expression of PGC-1α, a transcriptional coactivator of nuclear receptors, is increased in the liver and regulates gluconeogenesis. In the present study, we observed increased mRNA expression of PGC-1α and alanine aminotransferase 2 (ALT2) in the skeletal muscle during fasting. In C2C12 myoblast cells overexpressing PGC-1α, ALT2 expression was increased concomitant with an increased alanine level in the cells and medium. In addition, PGC-1α, along with nuclear receptor ERR, dose-dependently enhanced the ALT2 promoter activity in reporter assay using C2C12 cells. In the absence of glucose in the culture medium, mRNA levels of PGC-1α and ALT2 increased. Endogenous PGC-1α knockdown in C2C12 cells reduced ALT2 gene expression level, induced by the no-glucose medium. Taken together, in the skeletal muscle, PGC-1α activates ALT2 gene expression, and alanine production may play roles in adaptation to fasting.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yadav RK, Chauhan AS, Zhuang L, Gan B. FoxO transcription factors in cancer metabolism. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 50:65-76. [PMID: 29309929 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
FoxO transcription factors serve as the central regulator of cellular homeostasis and are tumor suppressors in human cancers. Recent studies have revealed that, besides their classic functions in promoting cell death and inducing cell cycle arrest, FoxOs also regulate cancer metabolism, an emerging hallmark of cancer. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms employed to control FoxO activities in the context of cancer biology, and discuss FoxO function in metabolism reprogramming in cancer and interaction with other key cancer metabolism pathways. A deeper understanding of FoxOs in cancer metabolism may reveal novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anoop Singh Chauhan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Li Zhuang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
FOXO1/3: Potential suppressors of fibrosis. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 41:42-52. [PMID: 29138094 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a universally age-related disease that involves nearly all organs. It is typically initiated by organic injury and eventually results in organ failure. There are still few effective therapeutic strategy targets for fibrogenesis. Forkhead box proteins O1 and O3 (FOXO1/3) have been shown to have favorable inhibitory effects on fibroblast activation and subsequent extracellular matrix production and can ameliorate fibrosis levels in numerous organs, including the heart, liver, lung, and kidney; they are therefore promising targets for anti-fibrosis therapy. Moreover, we can develop appropriate strategies to make the best use of FOXO1/3's anti-fibrosis properties. The information reviewed here should be significant for understanding the roles of FOXO1/3 in fibrosis and should contribute to the design of further studies related to FOXO1/3 and the fibrotic response and shed light on a potential treatment for fibrosis.
Collapse
|
12
|
Effect of acute and chronic eccentric exercise on FOXO1 mRNA expression as fiber type transition factor in rat skeletal muscles. Gene 2016; 584:180-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Metzler B, Gfeller P, Guinet E. Restricting Glutamine or Glutamine-Dependent Purine and Pyrimidine Syntheses Promotes Human T Cells with High FOXP3 Expression and Regulatory Properties. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:3618-30. [PMID: 27022197 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
T cell subsets differ in their metabolic requirements, and further insight into such differences might be harnessed to selectively promote regulatory T cells (Tregs) for therapies in autoimmunity and transplantation. We found that Gln restriction during human T cell activation favored CD4 T cells with high expression of the Treg transcription factor FOXP3. This resulted from shrinking numbers and reduced proliferation of activated FOXP3(lo/-)CD4 T cells while FOXP3(hi)CD4 T cell numbers increased. This gain was abolished by blocking Gln synthetase, an enzyme that responds to Gln and purine/pyrimidine deficiencies. The shift toward FOXP3(hi)CD4 T cells under Gln restriction was recapitulated with inhibitors of Gln-dependent pyrimidine and purine syntheses that together closely mimicked declining cell numbers and cell cycles, and by small interfering RNA knockdown of the respective rate-limiting Gln-consuming enzymes CAD and PPAT. FOXP3(hi)-enriched CD25(hi)CD4 T cells from these cultures inhibited proliferation, but they also produced effector cytokines, including IL-17A. The latter was largely confined to CTLA-4(hi)-expressing FOXP3(hi)-enriched CD25(hi)CD4 T cells that suppressed proliferation more weakly than did CTLA-4(lo/-)CD25(hi)FOXP3(hi)-enriched T cells. A causal link between high IL-17A production and impaired suppression of proliferation could not be demonstrated, however. Collectively, these results reveal a Gln synthetase-dependent increase and resilience of FOXP3(hi) cells under Gln restriction, and they demonstrate that impaired Gln-dependent nucleotide synthesis promotes FOXP3(hi) cells with regulator properties. It remains to be investigated to what extent the concomitant retention of IL-17A-producing CD4 T cells may limit the therapeutic potential of Tregs enriched through targeting these pathways in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Metzler
- Department of Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Gfeller
- Department of Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Guinet
- Department of Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation Research, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yoshimura R, Minami K, Matsuda J, Sawada N, Miura S, Kamei Y. Phosphorylation of 4EBP by oral leucine administration was suppressed in the skeletal muscle of PGC-1α knockout mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 80:288-90. [PMID: 26745679 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1083397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Leucine is known to increase mTOR-mediated phosphorylation of 4EBP. In this study, leucine was administered to skeletal muscle-PGC-1α knockout mice. We observed attenuated 4EBP phosphorylation in the skeletal muscle, but not in the liver, of the PGC-1α knockout mice. These data suggest that skeletal muscle-PGC-1α is important for leucine-mediated mTOR activation and protein biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Yoshimura
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Kyoto Prefectural University , Kyoto , Japan.,b Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kimiko Minami
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Kyoto Prefectural University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Junichiro Matsuda
- c Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases , National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition , Osaka , Japan
| | - Naoki Sawada
- d Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.,e Global COE Program , Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Shinji Miura
- f Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences , University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Kyoto Prefectural University , Kyoto , Japan
| |
Collapse
|