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Pereira YCL, Nascimento GC, Iyomasa DM, Fernández RAR, Calzzani RA, Leite-Panissi CRA, Novaes PD, Iyomasa MM. Exodontia-induced muscular hypofunction by itself or associated to chronic stress impairs masseter muscle morphology and its mitochondrial function. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:530-537. [PMID: 30741445 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stress is associated with orofacial pain sensitivity and is qualified as a temporomandibular disorder risk factor. During stressful periods, painful thresholds of masticatory muscles in individuals suffering muscle facial pain are significantly lower than in controls, but the exact physiologic mechanism underlying this relation remains unclear. Our hypothesis is that chronic unpredictable stress and masticatory hypofunction induce morphologic and metabolic masseter muscle changes in rats. For test this hypothesis, adult Wistar rats were submitted to chronic unpredictable stress and/or exodontia of left molars and the left masseter muscle was removed for analysis. The parameters evaluated included ultrastructure, oxidative level, metabolism activity and morphological analysis in this muscle. Our data show by histological analysis, that stress and exodontia promoted a variation on diameters and also angled contours in masseter fibers. The masticatory hypofunction increased oxidative metabolism as well as decreased reactive species of oxygen in masseter muscle. The ultrastructural analysis of muscle fibers showed disruption of the sarcoplasmic reticulum cisterns in certain regions of the fiber in stress group, and the disappearance of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane in group with association of stress and exodontia. Our findings clarify mechanisms by which chronic stress and masticatory hypofunction might be involved in the pathophysiology of muscular dysfunctions. Masticatory hypofunction influenced oxidative stress and induced oxidative metabolism on masseter muscle, as well as altered its fiber morphology. Chronic stress presented malefic effect on masseter morphology at micro and ultra structurally. When both stimuli were applied, there were atrophic fibers and a complete mitochondrial derangement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glauce Crivelaro Nascimento
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology of Dentistry School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Mizusaki Iyomasa
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology of Dentistry School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alberto Restrepo Fernández
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology of Dentistry School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alexandre Calzzani
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology of Dentistry School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christie Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology of Dentistry School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Psychobiology Graduate Program, School of Philosophy, Science and Literature of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Duarte Novaes
- Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mamie Mizusaki Iyomasa
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology of Dentistry School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Poggiogalle E, Lubrano C, Gnessi L, Mariani S, Di Martino M, Catalano C, Lenzi A, Donini LM. The decline in muscle strength and muscle quality in relation to metabolic derangements in adult women with obesity. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:2430-2435. [PMID: 30792144 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The metabolic and functional characteristics related to sarcopenic obesity have not been thoroughly explored in the earlier stages of the aging process. The aim of the present study was to examine the phenotype of sarcopenic obesity, in terms of lean body mass, muscle strength and quality, in adult women with and without the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), and its relationship with the features of myosteatosis. METHODS Study participants were enrolled at the Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Body composition was assessed by DXA. The Handgrip strength test (HGST) was performed. HGST was normalized to arm lean mass to indicate muscle quality; intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, as indicators of myosteatosis. Different indices of sarcopenia were calculated, based on appendicular lean mass (ALM, kg) divided by height squared, or weight. The NCEP-ATPIII criteria were used to diagnose the MetS. HOMA-IR was calculated. The physical activity level (PAL) was assessed through the IPAQ questionnaire. RESULTS 54 women (age: 48 ± 14 years, BMI: 37.9 ± 5.4 kg/m2) were included. 54% had the MetS (metabolically unhealthy, MUO). HGST/arm lean mass was lower in MUO women than women without the MetS (6.3 ± 1.8 vs. 7.8 ± 1.6, p = 0.03). No differences emerged in terms of absolute ALM (kg) or other indices of sarcopenia (ALM/h2 or ALM/weight) between metabolically healthy (MHO) vs. MUO women (p > 0.05). Muscle quality was negatively associated with HOMA-IR (p = 0.02), after adjustment for age, body fat, hs-CRP levels, and PAL. IMAT, but not IMCL, was significantly higher in obese women with the MetS compared to women without the MetS (p > 0.05). No association emerged between HGST/arm lean mass and IMAT or IMCL when HOMA-IR was included in the models. CONCLUSION Insulin resistance, and not sarcopenia or myosteatosis per se, was associated with muscle weakness, resulting in the phenotype of "dynapenic obesity" in middle-aged women with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Poggiogalle
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carla Lubrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Di Martino
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Catalano
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maria Donini
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Fernández RAR, Pereira YCL, Iyomasa DM, Calzzani RA, Leite-Panissi CRA, Iyomasa MM, Nascimento GC. Metabolic and vascular pattern in medial pterygoid muscle is altered by chronic stress in an animal model of hypodontia. Physiol Behav 2017; 185:70-78. [PMID: 29275100 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress is an important perpetuating, worsening and risk factor for temporomandibular disorders of muscular or articular origin. Occlusion instability, by the way, is considered a risk factor of this pathology and can be reproduced in some experimental animal models. The exact physiologic mechanism underlying these relations however, remains unclear. Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that chronic stress and unilateral exodontia induce metabolic and vascular changes in the medial pterygoid muscle of rats. Adult Wistar rats were submitted to chronic unpredictable stress and/or unilateral exodontia and their plasma and medial pterygoid muscle were removed for analysis. The parameters evaluated included plasma levels of corticosterone, metabolic activity by succinate dehydrogenase, oxidative capacity by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase, capillary density by laminin and alfa-CD staining and reactive oxidative species production. Chronic unpredictable stress as an isolated factor, increased oxidative metabolism, capillary density and reactive oxygen species production at medial pterygoid muscle. Conversely, exodontia has a main effect in metabolism, promoting glycolytic transformation of muscle fibers. Association of both factors induced a major glycolytic pattern in muscle and vascular changes. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms, possibly inducing metabolic and vascular alterations on medial pterygoid muscle of rats, by which chronic stress and occlusal instabilities might be involved as risk factors in the pathophysiology of temporomandibular disorders with muscular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Alberto Restrepo Fernández
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Yamba Carla Lara Pereira
- Biology Dental Buco Graduate Program, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Mizusaki Iyomasa
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alexandre Calzzani
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Christie Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; Psychobiology Graduate Program, School of Philosophy, Science and Literature of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Mamie Mizusaki Iyomasa
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Glauce Crivelaro Nascimento
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil.
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Loyola BM, Nascimento GC, Fernández RAR, Iyomasa DM, Pereira YCL, Leite-Panissi CRA, Issa JPM, Iyomasa MM. Chronic stress effects in contralateral medial pterygoid muscle of rats with occlusion alteration. Physiol Behav 2016; 164:369-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gorgey AS, Wells KM, Austin TL. Adiposity and spinal cord injury. World J Orthop 2015; 6:567-576. [PMID: 26396933 PMCID: PMC4573501 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v6.i8.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The drastic changes in body composition following spinal cord injury (SCI) have been shown to play a significant role in cardiovascular and metabolic health. The pattern of storage and distribution of different types of adipose tissue may impact metabolic health variables similar to carbohydrate, lipid and bone metabolism. The use of magnetic resonance imaging provides insights on the interplay among different regional adipose tissue compartments and their role in developing chronic diseases. Regional adipose tissue can be either distributed centrally or peripherally into subcutaneous and ectopic sites. The primary ectopic adipose tissue sites are visceral, intramuscular and bone marrow. Dysfunction in the central nervous system following SCI impacts the pattern of distribution of adiposity especially between tetraplegia and paraplegia. The current editorial is focused primarily on introducing different types of adipose tissue and establishing scientific basis to develop appropriate dietary, rehabilitation or pharmaceutical interventions to manage the negative consequences of increasing adiposity after SCI. We have also summarized the clinical implications and future recommendations relevant to study adiposity after SCI.
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Li Y, Lee S, Langleite T, Norheim F, Pourteymour S, Jensen J, Stadheim HK, Storås TH, Davanger S, Gulseth HL, Birkeland KI, Drevon CA, Holen T. Subsarcolemmal lipid droplet responses to a combined endurance and strength exercise intervention. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/11/e12187. [PMID: 25413318 PMCID: PMC4255802 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle lipid stores and insulin sensitivity have a recognized association although the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated how a 12‐week supervised combined endurance and strength exercise intervention influenced muscle lipid stores in sedentary overweight dysglycemic subjects and normal weight control subjects (n = 18). Muscle lipid stores were measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), electron microscopy (EM) point counting, and direct EM lipid droplet measurements of subsarcolemmal (SS) and intramyofibrillar (IMF) regions, and indirectly, by deep sequencing and real‐time PCR of mRNA of lipid droplet‐associated proteins. Insulin sensitivity and VO2max increased significantly in both groups after 12 weeks of training. Muscle lipid stores were reduced according to MRS at baseline before and after the intervention, whereas EM point counting showed no change in LD stores post exercise, indicating a reduction in muscle adipocytes. Large‐scale EM quantification of LD parameters of the subsarcolemmal LD population demonstrated reductions in LD density and LD diameters. Lipid droplet volume in the subsarcolemmal LD population was reduced by ~80%, in both groups, while IMF LD volume was unchanged. Interestingly, the lipid droplet diameter (n = 10 958) distribution was skewed, with a lack of small diameter lipid droplets (smaller than ~200 nm), both in the SS and IMF regions. Our results show that the SS LD lipid store was sensitive to training, whereas the dominant IMF LD lipid store was not. Thus, net muscle lipid stores can be an insufficient measure for the effects of training. We have investigated the muscle storage lipids responses to exercise, finding that subsarcolemmal lipid droplets are reduced 80%. Interestingly, we find that the lipid droplet diameter distribution was skewed, with a marked lack of lipid droplets smaller than 200 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sindre Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgrim Langleite
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Norheim
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shirin Pourteymour
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Svend Davanger
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne L Gulseth
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre I Birkeland
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Holen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Murakami S, Fujita N, Kondo H, Takeda I, Momota R, Ohtsuka A, Fujino H. Abnormalities in the fiber composition and capillary architecture in the soleus muscle of type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:680189. [PMID: 23213294 PMCID: PMC3504414 DOI: 10.1100/2012/680189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is linked to impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake and storage. This study aimed to investigate the fiber type distributions and the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the capillary network in the skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetic rats. Muscle fiber type transformation, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, capillary density, and 3D architecture of the capillary network in the soleus muscle were determined in 36-week-old Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats as an animal model of nonobese type 2 diabetes and age-matched Wistar (Cont) rats. Although the soleus muscle of Cont rats comprised both type I and type IIA fibers, the soleus muscle of GK rats had only type I fibers. In addition, total SDH activity in the soleus muscle of GK rats was significantly lower than that in Cont rats because GK rats had no high-SDH activity type IIA fiber in the soleus muscle. Furthermore, the capillary diameter, capillary tortuosity, and microvessel volume in GK rats were significantly lower than those in Cont rats. These results indicate that non-obese diabetic GK rats have muscle fiber type transformation, low SDH activity, and reduced skeletal muscle capillary content, which may be related to the impaired glucose metabolism characteristic of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Murakami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Hyogo 670-8524, Japan.
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