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Piccione M, Facchinello N, Schrenk S, Gasparella M, Pathak S, Ammar RM, Rabini S, Dalla Valle L, Di Liddo R. STW 5 Herbal Preparation Modulates Wnt3a and Claudin 1 Gene Expression in Zebrafish IBS-like Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121234. [PMID: 34959635 PMCID: PMC8704787 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and stool irregularities. STW 5 has proven clinical efficacy in functional gastrointestinal disorders, including IBS, targeting pathways that suppress inflammation and protect the mucosa. Wnt signaling is known to modulate NF-kβ-dependent inflammatory cytokine production. This sparked the idea of evaluating the impact of STW 5 on the expression of inflammatory-response and Wnt/β catenin-target genes in an IBS-like model. Main methods: We used zebrafish and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment to model IBS-like conditions in vivo and in vitro and examined the effects of subsequent STW 5 treatment on the intestines of DSS-treated fish and primary cultured intestinal and neuronal cells. Gross gut anatomy, histology, and the expression of Wnt-signaling and cytokine genes were analyzed in treated animals and/or cells, and in controls. Key findings: DSS treatment up-regulated the expression of interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, wnt3a, and claudin-1 in explanted zebrafish gut. Subsequent STW 5 treatment abolished both the macroscopic signs of gut inflammation, DSS-induced mucosecretory phenotype, and normalized the DSS-induced upregulated expression of il10 and Wnt signaling genes, such as wnt3a and cldn1 in explanted zebrafish gut. Under inflammatory conditions, STW 5 downregulated the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes il1β, il6, il8, and tnfα while it upregulated the expression of the anti-inflammatory genes il10 and wnt3a in enteric neuronal cells in vitro. Significance: Wnt signaling could be a novel target for the anti-inflammatory and intestinal permeability-restoring effects of STW 5, possibly explaining its clinical efficacy in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Piccione
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Nicola Facchinello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (N.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Sandra Schrenk
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Marco Gasparella
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ca’ Foncello Hospital, 31100 Treviso, Italy;
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Ramy M. Ammar
- BAYER Consumer Health, Global Medical Affairs, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany; (R.M.A.); (S.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr-El Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Sabine Rabini
- BAYER Consumer Health, Global Medical Affairs, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany; (R.M.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Luisa Dalla Valle
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (N.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Rosa Di Liddo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498275636
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