1
|
Madhwal S, Shin M, Kapoor A, Goyal M, Joshi MK, Ur Rehman PM, Gor K, Shim J, Mukherjee T. Metabolic control of cellular immune-competency by odors in Drosophila. eLife 2020; 9:60376. [PMID: 33372660 PMCID: PMC7808736 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in different animal model systems have revealed the impact of odors on immune cells; however, any understanding on why and how odors control cellular immunity remained unclear. We find that Drosophila employ an olfactory-immune cross-talk to tune a specific cell type, the lamellocytes, from hematopoietic-progenitor cells. We show that neuronally released GABA derived upon olfactory stimulation is utilized by blood-progenitor cells as a metabolite and through its catabolism, these cells stabilize Sima/HIFα protein. Sima capacitates blood-progenitor cells with the ability to initiate lamellocyte differentiation. This systemic axis becomes relevant for larvae dwelling in wasp-infested environments where chances of infection are high. By co-opting the olfactory route, the preconditioned animals elevate their systemic GABA levels leading to the upregulation of blood-progenitor cell Sima expression. This elevates their immune-potential and primes them to respond rapidly when infected with parasitic wasps. The present work highlights the importance of the olfaction in immunity and shows how odor detection during animal development is utilized to establish a long-range axis in the control of blood-progenitor competency and immune-priming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Madhwal
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Mingyu Shin
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ankita Kapoor
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Manisha Goyal
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India.,The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU), Bengaluru, India
| | - Manish K Joshi
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Kavan Gor
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| | - Jiwon Shim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tina Mukherjee
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
In this issue of Developmental Cell, Aram et al. (2016) identify a mechanism that uses a Krebs cycle protein to control local activation of a ubiquitin ligase complex at the mitochondrial outer membrane for temporally and spatially restricted caspase activation during Drosophila sperm differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Minis
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hermann Steller
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aram L, Braun T, Braverman C, Kaplan Y, Ravid L, Levin-Zaidman S, Arama E. A Krebs Cycle Component Limits Caspase Activation Rate through Mitochondrial Surface Restriction of CRL Activation. Dev Cell 2016; 37:15-33. [PMID: 27052834 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
How cells avoid excessive caspase activity and unwanted cell death during apoptotic caspase-mediated removal of large cellular structures is poorly understood. We investigate caspase-mediated extrusion of spermatid cytoplasmic contents in Drosophila during spermatid individualization. We show that a Krebs cycle component, the ATP-specific form of the succinyl-CoA synthetase β subunit (A-Sβ), binds to and activates the Cullin-3-based ubiquitin ligase (CRL3) complex required for caspase activation in spermatids. In vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that this interaction occurs on the mitochondrial surface, thereby limiting the source of CRL3 complex activation to the vicinity of this organelle and reducing the potential rate of caspase activation by at least 60%. Domain swapping between A-Sβ and the GTP-specific SCSβ (G-Sβ), which functions redundantly in the Krebs cycle, show that the metabolic and structural roles of A-Sβ in spermatids can be uncoupled, highlighting a moonlighting function of this Krebs cycle component in CRL activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lior Aram
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tslil Braun
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Carmel Braverman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yosef Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liat Ravid
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Eli Arama
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|