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Liu QP, Chen YY, An P, Rahman K, Luan X, Zhang H. Natural products targeting macrophages in tumor microenvironment are a source of potential antitumor agents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154612. [PMID: 36610172 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are one of the major cell types in the immune system and are closely related to tumor development, which can be polarized into M1 type with anti-tumor activity or M2 type with pro-tumor activity. The infiltration of more macrophages into tumor predicts poorer prognosis due to their more exhibition of M2 phenotype under the influence of many factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, reverse of M2 macrophage polarization in TME is conducive to the suppression of tumor deterioration and understanding the influencing factors of macrophage polarization is helpful to provide new ideas for the subsequent targeting macrophages for tumor therapy. PURPOSE This review summarizes the effects of TME on macrophage polarization and natural products against M2 macrophage polarization, which may provide some directions for tumor therapy. METHODS The search of relevant literature was conducted using the PubMed, Science Direct, CNKI and Web of Science databases with the search terms "macrophage", "tumor microenvironment", "natural product" and "tumor". RESULTS The mutual transformation of M1 and M2 phenotypes in macrophages is influenced by many factors. Tumor cells affect the polarization of macrophages by regulating the expression of genes and proteins and the secretion of cytokines. The expression of some genes or proteins in macrophages is also related to their own polarization. Many natural products can reverse M2 polarization of macrophages which has been summarized in this review. CONCLUSION Regulation of macrophage polarization in TME can inhibit tumor development, and natural products have the potential to impede tumor development by regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ping Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Pei An
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Park HR, Jo SK, Cho HH, Jung U. Synergistic Anti-cancer Activity of MH-30 in a Murine Melanoma Model Treated With Cisplatin and its Alleviated Effects Against Cisplatin-induced Toxicity in Mice. In Vivo 2020; 34:1845-1856. [PMID: 32606154 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Although cisplatin is an effective anticancer drug, its toxic effects on normal tissues limit its use. We developed a herbal formula, MH-30, with increased fat-soluble polyphenols by improving the manufacturing method of HemoHIM. In this study, we examined whether the combination of MH-30 with cisplatin exerts synergistic antitumor effect while it reduces cisplatin-induced toxicities. MATERIALS AND METHODS MH-30 was produced by adding the ethanol-insoluble fraction to its extract after decocting herbs in 30% ethanol and water. We used a melanoma-bearing mice model to investigate synergistic anticancer effects. The NK cell activity and cytokine levels were measured by Cr51-release assay and ELISA. The AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine levels were estimated in the serum. RESULTS MH-30 effectively inhibited melanoma growth in vitro. Furthermore, MH-30 had a synergistic effect in combination with cisplatin on melanoma growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo. In melanoma-bearing mice, cisplatin alone decreased the activity of NK cells and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ, which were effectively restored by the combination of MH-30 with cisplatin. Combined treatment with MH-30 and cisplatin significantly inhibited the cisplatin-induced increase in the levels of AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine. CONCLUSION Combination of MH-30 with cisplatin may be a beneficial anticancer treatment with reduced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Ran Park
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kee Jo
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Cho
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Uhee Jung
- Environmental Safety Evaluation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
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Zheng Y, Wang N, Wang S, Yang B, Situ H, Zhong L, Lin Y, Wang Z. XIAOPI formula inhibits the pre-metastatic niche formation in breast cancer via suppressing TAMs/CXCL1 signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:48. [PMID: 32213179 PMCID: PMC7098160 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-0520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent findings suggested that premetastatic niche (PMN) is a prerequisite in mediating cancer metastasis. Previously we demonstrated that XIAOPI formula could inhibit breast cancer lung metastasis via inhibiting tumor associated macrophages (TAMs)-secreted CXCL1. Herein, we aimed to explore the effects of XIAOPI formula on preventing breast cancer PMN formation and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods CXCL1 expression of TAMs was detected by qPCR and Western blotting assay. The influences of XIAOPI formula on the proliferation of TAMs and 4 T1 in the co-culture system were tested by CCK8 or EdU staining. Transwell experiment was applied to determine the effects of XIAOPI formula on the invasion ability of HSPCs and 4 T1. Breast cancer xenografts were built by inoculating 4 T1 cells into the mammary pads of Balb/c mice and lung metastasis was monitored by luciferase imaging. Immune fluorescence assay was used to test the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and PMN formation in the lung tissues. The effects of XIAOPI formula on TAMs phenotype, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were determined by flow cytometry. Results It was found that XIAOPI formula could inhibit the proliferation and polarization of M2 phenotype macrophages, and reduce CXCL1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. However, M1 phenotype macrophages were not significantly affected by XIAOPI formula. TAMs/CXCL1 signaling was subsequently found to stimulate the recruitment of c-Kit+/Sca-1+ HSPCs and their differentiation into CD11b+/Gr-1+ MDSCs, which were symbolic events accounting for PMN formation. Moreover, XIAOPI formula was effective in inhibiting HSPCs activation and suppressing the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells 4 T1 induced by HSPCs and TAMs co-culture system, implying that XIAOPI was effective in preventing PMN formation in vitro. Breast cancer xenograft experiments further demonstrated that XIAOPI formula could inhibit breast cancer PMN formation and subsequent lung metastasis in vivo. The populations of HSPCs in the bone marrow and MDSCs in the lung tissues were all remarkably declined by XIAOPI formula treatment. However, the inhibitory effects of XIAOPI formula could be relieved by CXCL1 overexpression in the TAMs. Conclusions Taken together, our study provided preclinical evidence supporting the application of XIAOPI formula in preventing breast cancer PMN formation, and highlighted TAMs/CXCL1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for PMN targeting therapy. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zheng
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Neng Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Honglin Situ
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Lidan Zhong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
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Anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx attenuate in vitro and in vivo melanoma cancer metastasis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Zhou R, Chen H, Chen J, Chen X, Wen Y, Xu L. Extract from Astragalus membranaceus inhibit breast cancer cells proliferation via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018. [PMID: 29523109 PMCID: PMC5845298 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has been used as an essential tonic to treat various diseases for more than 2000 years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological effects of extract from AM on breast cancer cell and its mechanism. Methods To prepare the extract, dried AM were ground and extracted with water extraction-ethanol supernatant method. Then the main isoflavones in the extract was detect by HPLC analysis. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative activity of AM extract was examined by MTT assay and morphological observation. Cell apoptosis was evaluated with flow cytometric analysis. The expressions of total and phosphorylated PI3K, GS3Kβ, Akt and mTOR were determined by western blot analysis. Results HPLC analysis demonstrated that AM extract contained with four kinds of isoflavones, campanulin, ononin, calycosin and formononetin. The MTT test and morphological observation indicated that cells proliferation of MCF-7, SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231were inhibited by AM extract in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis displayed that after treated with 25 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml AM extract, apoptosis of breast cancer cells was significantly increased as compared with DMSO and blank control group (all p < 0.05). Western blot analysis found that the level of p-PI3K, p-GS3Kβ, p-Akt, and p-mTOR were significantly decreased, but the level of total-mTOR was observably increased as compared with DMSO control group. Conclusions Taken together, the inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis effect of AM extract via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway confirmed the anti-tumor potential of AM. Therefore, our findings provide a new insight into anti-cancer effect of AM extract as a promising agent in breast cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2148-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Choi HS, Kim MK, Lee K, Lee KM, Choi YK, Shin YC, Cho SG, Ko SG. SH003 represses tumor angiogenesis by blocking VEGF binding to VEGFR2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:32969-79. [PMID: 27105528 PMCID: PMC5078067 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is a key feature of cancer progression, because a tumor requires abundant oxygen and nutrition to grow. Here, we demonstrate that SH003, a mixed herbal extract containing Astragalus membranaceus (Am), Angelica gigas (Ag) and Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maximowicz (Tk), represses VEGF-induced tumor angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. SH003 inhibited VEGF-induced migration, invasion and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with no effect on the proliferation. SH003 reduced CD31-positive vessel numbers in tumor tissues and retarded tumor growth in our xenograft mouse tumor model, while SH003 did not affect pancreatic tumor cell viability. Consistently, SH003 inhibited VEGF-stimulated vascular permeability in ears and back skins. Moreover, SH003 inhibited VEGF-induced VEGFR2-dependent signaling by blocking VEGF binding to VEGFR2. Therefore, our data conclude that SH003 represses tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF-induced VEGFR2 activation, and suggest that SH003 may be useful for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Sim Choi
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyoung Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangwook Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang Min Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju, Korea
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Gook Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Pu WL, Sun LK, Gao XM, Rüegg C, Cuendet M, Hottiger MO, Zhou K, Miao L, Zhang YS, Gebauer M. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages by anti-tumor Chinese materia medica. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 23:723-732. [PMID: 28988387 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2974-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a key role in all stages of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. TAMs secrete different kinds of cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes to affect the progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy depending on their state of reprogramming. Therapeutic benefit in targeting TAMs suggests that macrophages are attractive targets for cancer treatment. Chinese materia medica (CMM) is an important approach for treating cancer in China and in the Asian region. According to the theory of Chinese medicine (CM) and its practice, some prescriptions of CM regulate the body's internal environment possibly including the remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we briefly summarize the pivotal effects of TAMs in shaping the TME and promoting tumorigenesis, invasion, metastasis and immunosuppression. Furthermore, we illustrate the effects and mechanisms of CMM targeting TAMs in antitumor therapy. Finally, we reveal the CMM's dual-regulatory and multi-targeting functions on regulating TAMs, and hopefully, provide the theoretical basis for CMM clinical practice related to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ling Pu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Li-Kang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Xiu-Mei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Curzio Rüegg
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Micheal O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich-Irchel, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Lin Miao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich-Irchel, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yun-Sha Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Margaret Gebauer
- Chingcura, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lee KM, Lee K, Choi YK, Choi YJ, Seo HS, Ko SG. SH003‑induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest induces apoptosis in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8237-8244. [PMID: 28944910 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a prevalent disease that may lead to mortality in women. In spite of the development of common therapeutic agents to treat cancer, there are several limitations of their use owing to side effects and drug resistance, which may induce cancer recurrence. The anticancer effects of the new herbal mixture SH003 (comprising Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica gigas and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz) have been examined in various types of cancer. Thus, the present study hypothesized that SH003 may be an effective treatment for cervical cancer. SH003 treatment inhibited the growth of HeLa cells, whereas it did not affect the growth of rat intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, SH003 treatment increased the expression of apoptosis‑related proteins and promoted apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells. SH003 treatment also led to G1 phase arrest in HeLa cells. Furthermore, SH003 treatment induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, ROS production did not appear to be related to SH003‑mediated apoptosis. Results from the present study indicated that the SH003‑induced inhibition of HeLa cell growth may be mediated through G1 phase arrest and extrinsic apoptosis, suggested that SH003 may be a potential treatment for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Min Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwook Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Seo
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
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Wang Z, Liu Z, Zhou L, Long T, Zhou X, Bao Y. Immunomodulatory effect of APS and PSP is mediated by Ca2 +-cAMP and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophage. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 94:283-289. [PMID: 27732877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is to investigate the role of second messengers and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the immunomodulatory activities of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and Polysaccharopeptide (PSP) in macrophages. METHODS RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were treated with APS, PSP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or NiCl2. Power-spectral method was used to detect protein kinase C (PKC) and Griess reaction to detect nitric oxide (NO). ELISA was conducted to detect cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), diglycerides (DAG), inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate (IP3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Confocal laser scanning microscopy was performed to detect calcium level. qRT-PCR and Western blot was used to detect mRNA and protein expression of NF-κB. RESULTS APS and PSP significantly increased the concentrations of intracellular second messengers (NO, cAMP, DAG, IP3, Ca2+) and the activity of PKC in macrophages (p<0.05).The intracellular NF-κB mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in macrophages treated by APS and PSP (p<0.05), whereas those were significantly decreased after NiCl2 incubation (p<0.05). Similarly, the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased by the treatment of NiCl2. CONCLUSION Our findings strongly suggest that Ca2+-cAMP and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways are, at least partly, involved in APS and PSP mediated immunomodulatory activities in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zijing Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Lijng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Tingting Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yixi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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Herbal Formulation C168 Attenuates Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in HCT 116 Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells: Role of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2091085. [PMID: 26884792 PMCID: PMC4739220 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2091085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of herbal formulations has gained scientific interest, particularly in cancer treatment. In this study, the herbal formulation of interest, denoted as C168, is a mixture of eight genera of plants. This study aims to investigate the antiproliferative effect of C168 methanol extract (CME) on various cancer cells and its underlying mechanism of action on the most responsive cell line, namely, HCT 116 cells. CME exerted antiproliferative activities on HCT 116 colorectal carcinoma cells and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells but not on CCD-841-CoN normal colon epithelial cells, Jurkat E6.1 lymphoblastic leukemic cells, and V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Further investigation on HCT 116 cells showed that CME induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Treatment of CME induced oxidative stress in HCT 116 cells by increasing the superoxide anion level and decreasing the intracellular glutathione. CME also increased tail moment value and H2AX phosphorylation in HCT 116 cells, suggesting DNA damage as an early signal of CME induced apoptosis. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in CME-treated cells also indicated the involvement of mitochondria in CME induced apoptosis. This study indicated the selectivity of CME toward colon cancer cells with the involvement of oxidative damage as its possible mechanism of action.
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Gao J, Wang D, Liu D, Liu M, Ge Y, Jiang M, Liu Y, Zheng D. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages and re-educates tumor-associated macrophages to an antitumor phenotype. Mol Biol Cell 2015. [PMID: 26224317 PMCID: PMC4569310 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-04-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reveals that tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α in macrophages, especially in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TRAIL re-educates TAMs to an M1-like phenotype and induces their cytotoxicity to tumor cells. This study provides new evidence for TRAIL in immune regulation of macrophages and sheds light on TRAIL-based antitumor therapy in human patients. Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising candidate for cancer therapy, because it can induce apoptosis in various tumor cells but not in most normal cells. Although it is well known that TRAIL and its receptors are expressed in many types of normal cells, including immune cells, their immunological effects and regulatory mechanisms are still obscure. In the present study, we demonstrated that TRAIL affected the activity of NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) and the expression of its downstream proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β (interleukin-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α in macrophages. TRAIL also induced microRNA-146a (miR-146a) expression in an NF-κB–dependent manner. As a result, miR-146a was involved as a negative-feedback regulator in the down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, the suppression of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activities by trichostatin A improved miR-146a expression due to the up-regulation of the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB at the miR-146a promoter in TRAIL-induced macrophages, suggesting that histone acetylation was involved in the suppression of miR-146a expression. Further investigation revealed that the HDAC subtype HDAC1 directly regulated the expression of miR-146a in TRAIL-stimulated macrophages. Finally, the TRAIL-sensitive human non small cell lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H460 was used to elucidate the physiological significance of TRAIL with respect to tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We demonstrated that TRAIL re-educated TAMs to an M1-like phenotype and induced cytotoxic effects in the tumor cells. These data provide new evidence for TRAIL in the immune regulation of macrophages and may shed light on TRAIL-based antitumor therapy in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yehua Ge
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Minghong Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Dexian Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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Kim A, Im M, Yim NH, Hwang YH, Yang HJ, Ma JY. The novel herbal cocktail MA128 suppresses tumor growth and the metastatic potential of highly malignant tumor cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:900-12. [PMID: 26035620 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MA128, a novel herbal medicine, was previously identified and its effectiveness in the treatment of asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD) was demonstrated. In particular, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) in AD mice was improved by treatment with MA128. In addition, MA128 exhibited anti-melanogenic activity by inhibiting tyrosinase activity via the p38 MAPK and protein kinase A signaling pathways in B16F10 cells. In the present study, we examined whether oral administration of MA128 suppressed the in vivo tumor growth of HT1080 cells in athymic nude mice. The results showed that the daily oral administration of 75 and 150 mg/kg MA128 suppressed the tumorigenic growth of HT1080 cells efficiently. Since metastasis is a major cause of cancer-associated mortality and the greatest challenge during cancer treatment, we investigated the effect of non-toxic concentrations of MA128 on the metastatic potential of HT1080 cells. MA128 inhibited anchorage-independent colony formation, migration and invasion. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity under resting and PMA-stimulated conditions was decreased in a dose-dependent manner by MA128 in HT1080 cells. In addition, the daily oral administration of MA128 at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg efficiently blocked the lung metastasis of B16F10 cells that had been injected into the tail veins of C57BL/6 mice. In particular, none of the mice treated with MA128 exhibited systemic toxicity, such as body weight loss or liver and kidney dysfunction. MA128 also inhibited tumor‑induced angiogenesis. Taken together, the results suggest that MA128 is a potential therapeutic agent and a safe herbal medicine for controlling malignant and metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Im
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hiu Yim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Yeh CT, Wang LS. Potential pathophysiological mechanism of cancer-related fatigue and current management. FORMOSAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjs.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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