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Mosallaei M, Siri G, Alani B, Khomartash MS, Naghoosi H, Pourghazi F, Heidari R, Sabet MN, Behroozi J. Differential methylation of DNA promoter sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as promising diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:993-998. [PMID: 39023608 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2542_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous reports have indicated that the methylation profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in different genes and loci is altered in colorectal cancer (CRC). Regarding the high mortality rate and silent nature of CRC, screening and early detection can meaningfully reduce disease-related deaths. Therefore, for the first time, we aimed to evaluate the early non-invasive diagnosis of CRC via quantitative promoter methylation analysis of RUNX3 and RASSF1A genes in PBMCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we analyzed the methylation status of two important tumor suppressor genes including RUNX3 and RASSF1A in 70 CRC patients and 70 non-malignant subjects using methylation-quantification of endonuclease-resistant DNA (MethyQESD), and a bisulfite conversion-independent method. RESULTS RUNX3 was significantly hypermethylated in PBMCs of CRC patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001). By determining the efficient cutoff value, the sensitivity, and specificity of RUNX3 promoter methylation for CRC diagnosis reached 84.28% and 77.14%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses demonstrated that RUNX3 promoter methylation has high accuracy (areas under the curve [AUC] = 0.840, P < 0.001) for discriminating CRC subjects from healthy individuals. Moreover, RUNX3 methylation levels in PBMCs progressively increased with the stage of the disease (P < 0.001). Although the amount of RASSF1A promoter methylation was not significantly different between CRC patients and controls as well as in different stages of the disease (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that PBMCs are reliable sources of methylation analysis for CRC screening, and RUNX3 promoter methylation can be used as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Mosallaei
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Goli Siri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amir-Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrang Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Naghoosi
- Infectious Disease Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Pourghazi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad N Sabet
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Behroozi
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Riffet M, Eid Y, Faisant M, Fohlen A, Menahem B, Alves A, Dubois F, Levallet G, Bazille C. Deciphering Promoter Hypermethylation of Genes Encoding for RASSF/Hippo Pathway Reveals the Poor Prognostic Factor of RASSF2 Gene Silencing in Colon Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235957. [PMID: 34885067 PMCID: PMC8656858 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue due to its incidence and mortality. Thus, the development of molecular biomarkers is essential to optimize its therapeutic management. Such markers could be identified among the members of the RASSF/Hippo pathway. Indeed, epigenetic alterations are strongly implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis and this pathway is altered in many cancers, mainly by hypermethylation of the promoter of the gene coding for its members. The objectives of the study were to map the hypermethylation of the RASSF/Hippo pathway promoters in a morphologically, clinically, and prognostically well-characterized population of colon cancers. This first report of a whole systematic analysis of the Hippo pathway in colon cancer highlights RASSF2 gene promoter hypermethylation as a worst prognostic factor and a tool to be sought in clinical practice to improve therapeutic management. Abstract The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of promoter hypermethylation of the genes encoding the Ras associated domain family (RASSF)/Hippo pathway, as well as the impact on overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in a single-center retrospective cohort of 229 patients operated on for colon cancers. Hypermethylation status was investigated by methylation-specific PCR on the promoters of the RASSF1/2, STK4/3 (encoding Mammalian Ste20-like protein 1 and 2 (MST1 and 2), respectively), and LATS1/2 genes. Clinicopathological characteristics, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival were analysed. We found the RASSF/Hippo pathway to be highly silenced in colon cancer, and particularly RASSF2 (86%). The other promoters were hypermethylated with a lesser frequency of 16, 3, 1, 10 and 6%, respectively for RASSF1, STK4, STK3, LATS1, and LATS2 genes. As the hypermethylation of one RASSF/Hippo family member was by no means exclusive from the others, 27% of colon cancers displayed the hypermethylation of at least two RASSF/Hippo member promotors. The median overall survival of the cohort was 60.2 months, and the median recurrence-free survival was 46.9 months. Survival analyses showed a significantly poorer overall survival of patients when the RASSF2 promoter was hypermethylated (p = 0.03). The median OS was 53.5 months for patients with colon cancer with a hypermethylated RASSF2 promoter versus still not reached after 80 months follow-up for other patients, upon univariate analysis (HR = 1.86, [95% CI: 1.05–3.3], p < 0.03). Such difference was not significant for relapse-free survival as in multivariate analysis. A logistic regression model showed that RASSF2 hypermethylation was an independent factor. In conclusion, RASSF2 hypermethylation is a frequent event and an independent poor prognostic factor in colon cancer. This biomarker could be investigated in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Riffet
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (M.F.); (F.D.)
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT, CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, 14074 Caen, France;
| | - Yassine Eid
- Polyclinique du Parc, 14000 Caen, France;
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR 1086, ANTICIPE, 14000 Caen, France; (B.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Maxime Faisant
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (M.F.); (F.D.)
| | - Audrey Fohlen
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT, CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, 14074 Caen, France;
- Department of Radiology, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Benjamin Menahem
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR 1086, ANTICIPE, 14000 Caen, France; (B.M.); (A.A.)
- Department of Digestive Surgery, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Arnaud Alves
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR 1086, ANTICIPE, 14000 Caen, France; (B.M.); (A.A.)
- Department of Digestive Surgery, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Fatéméh Dubois
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (M.F.); (F.D.)
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT, CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, 14074 Caen, France;
- Structure Fédérative D’oncogénétique cyto-MOléculaire du CHU de Caen (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Guénaelle Levallet
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (M.F.); (F.D.)
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT, CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, 14074 Caen, France;
- Structure Fédérative D’oncogénétique cyto-MOléculaire du CHU de Caen (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Céline Bazille
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (M.F.); (F.D.)
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT, CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, 14074 Caen, France;
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (C.B.)
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Nassar FJ, Msheik ZS, Nasr RR, Temraz SN. Methylated circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:111. [PMID: 34001239 PMCID: PMC8130320 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a deadly disease whose death rate ranks second among cancers though its incidence ranks third. Early CRC detection is key and is associated with improved survival outcomes. However, existing tests for CRC diagnosis have several weaknesses thus rendering them inefficient. Moreover, reliable prognostic tests that can predict the overall cancer outcome and recurrence of the disease as well as predictive markers that can assess effectiveness of therapy are still lacking. Thus, shifting to noninvasive liquid biopsy or blood-based biomarkers is vital to improving CRC diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. Methylated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has gained increased attention as a type of liquid biopsy that is tumor-derived fragmented DNA with epigenetic alterations. Methylated ctDNA are more consistently present in blood of cancer patients as compared to mutated ctDNA. Hence, methylated ctDNA serves as a potential biomarker for CRC that is worth investigating. In this review, we explore what has been reported about methylated ctDNA as a biomarker for CRC diagnosis that can distinguish between CRC patients or those having adenoma and healthy controls as validated specifically through ROC curves. We also examine methylated ctDNA as a biomarker for CRC prognosis and prediction as confirmed through robust statistical analyses. Finally, we discuss the major technical challenges that limits the use of methylated ctDNA for clinical application and suggest possible recommendations to enhance its usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah J Nassar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zahraa S Msheik
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rihab R Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Sally N Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Bahojb Noruzi E, Khanmohammadi Chenab K, Jafari A, Radinekiyan F, Hashemi SM, Ahmadpour F, Behboudi A, Mosafer J, Mokhtarzadeh A, Maleki A, Hamblin MR. Metal-based nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1687-1714. [PMID: 32914573 DOI: 10.1002/term.3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue is vital to the organization of multicellular organisms, because it creates the different organs and provides the main scaffold for body shape. The quest for effective methods to allow tissue regeneration and create scaffolds for new tissue growth has intensified in recent years. Tissue engineering has recently used some promising alternatives to existing conventional scaffold materials, many of which have been derived from nanotechnology. One important example of these is metal nanoparticles. The purpose of this review is to cover novel tissue engineering methods, paying special attention to those based on the use of metal-based nanoparticles. The unique physiochemical properties of metal nanoparticles, such as antibacterial effects, shape memory phenomenon, low cytotoxicity, stimulation of the proliferation process, good mechanical and tensile strength, acceptable biocompatibility, significant osteogenic potential, and ability to regulate cell growth pathways, suggest that they can perform as novel types of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The basic principles of various nanoparticle-based composites and scaffolds are discussed in this review. The merits and demerits of these particles are critically discussed, and their importance in bone tissue engineering is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Bahojb Noruzi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Khanmohammadi Chenab
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Jafari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Radinekiyan
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Hashemi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Ahmadpour
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Behboudi
- Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Mosafer
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Bin Y, Ding Y, Xiao W, Liao A. RASSF1A: A promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 504:98-108. [PMID: 31981586 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A), a tumor suppressor, regulates several tumor-related signaling pathways and interferes with diverse cellular processes. RASSF1A is frequently demonstrated to be inactivated by hypermethylation in numerous types of solid cancers. It is also associated with lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and chemo-resistance. Therefore, reactivation of RASSF1A may be a viable strategy to block tumor progress and reverse drug resistance. In this review, we have summarized the clinical value of RASSF1A for screening, staging, and therapeutic management of human malignancies. We also highlighted the potential mechanism of RASSF1A in chemo-resistance, which may help identify novel drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Bin
- Digestive System Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Institue of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weisheng Xiao
- Digestive System Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Aijun Liao
- Digestive System Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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6
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Oh SJ, Lee MG, Moon JR, Lee CK, Chi SG, Kim HJ. Ras association domain family 1 isoform A suppresses colonic tumor cell growth through p21 WAF1 activation in a p53-dependent manner. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:890-898. [PMID: 30226276 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Despite the frequent loss of Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) expression in various cancers, the precise mechanism underlying its tumor-suppressive effect is not fully understood. To elucidate the growth-inhibitory role for RASSF1A in colorectal tumorigenesis, this study investigated the RASSF1A regulation of the p53-p21WAF1 pathway. METHODS Ras association domain family 1 isoform A effect on cellular growth was tested in three human colon cancer cell lines by flow cytometry, cell counting, and [3 H]-thymidine incorporation assay. HCT116 p53+/+ and p53-/- isogenic sublines were utilized to determine the p53 dependence of RASSF1A effect on p21WAF1 . Cycloheximide chase experiment and immunoprecipitation assay were carried out to define RASSF1A effect on p53 stability and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) homolog ubiquitination. RESULTS Ras association domain family 1 isoform A expression inhibits colonic cell proliferation by preventing the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle. The RASSF1A-induced G1 cell cycle arrest is accompanied by the increase in the level of p21WAF1 mRNA expression. The p21WAF -inducing activity of RASSF1A was substantially higher in HCT116 p53+/+ cell compared with isogenic p53-/- cells. The cycloheximide chase assay revealed that RASSF1A expression leads to p53 stabilization and MDM2 homolog degradation. Using p53-/- and p21WAF1-/- subline cells, this study finally validated a crucial role of the p53-p21WAF1 axis in RASSF1A-mediated growth inhibition. CONCLUSIONS RASSF1A suppresses colonic tumor growth through the activation of the p53-p21WAF1 pathway. This finding supports that RASSF1A could be a valuable marker for the assessment of colorectal cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ju Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Goo Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Rock Moon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Kyun Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jong Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Hu H, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Ding R. Prognostic value of RASSF1A methylation status in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Biomarkers 2019; 24:207-216. [PMID: 30764677 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1583771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Ras association domain family 1 A (RASSF1A) has been regarded as a biomarker predicting the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but previous findings are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of prospective studies aimed to assess the value of RASSF1A methylation in predicting the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Methods: Studies were searched in PubMed and Web of Science. The estimates of the effects and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used for the analyses. The overall effects of RASSF1A methylation on overall survival (OS) were estimated, after which subgroup analysis based on regions was conducted. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to restrict the studies with certain features. Results: A total of 16 studies with 2210 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall analysis result indicated that RASSF1A methylation had no statistically significant effects on OS of NSCLC patients (HR = 1.28; 95% CI 0.86-1.70), which were confirmed by the subgroup analysis. However, the sensitivity analysis indicated that RASSF1A methylation from lung cancer tissues was significantly associated with lower OS (HR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.04-1.45). Conclusion: RASSF1A methylation in lung cancer tissue can serve as a prognostic factor of NSCLC. More studies are needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- a First School of Clinical Medicine , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Yuefei Zhou
- a First School of Clinical Medicine , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Min Zhang
- b School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Rui Ding
- b School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
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Schirosi L, Mazzotta A, Opinto G, Pinto R, Graziano G, Tommasi S, Fucci L, Simone G, Mangia A. β-catenin interaction with NHERF1 and RASSF1A methylation in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67841-67850. [PMID: 27765918 PMCID: PMC5356523 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to identify new biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) to further characterize this malignancy. β-catenin plays a central role in the Wnt signaling pathway. It also binds Na+/H+ exchanger regulating factor 1 (NHERF1) and interacts with the RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A (RASSF1A), but the mechanisms of this possible crosstalk are still not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed for the first time the different subcellular expression of β-catenin, NHERF1, and RASSF1A and their relationships with RASSF1A methylation in the progression of CRC. We assessed immunohistochemical expression and RASSF1A methylation in 51 patients with stage IV colorectal cancer. Biomarker expression analysis was carried out considering the tumor-adjacent normal tissue, the primary tumor, and the paired liver metastases. Regarding the tumor compartment, it was found that cytoplasmic β-catenin expression was positively correlated to membranous (r = 0.3002, p = 0.0323) and nuclear NHERF1 (r = 0.293, p = 0.0368). In the liver metastases, instead, we found a positive correlation of cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin expression with RASSF1A methylation (r = 0.4019, p = 0.0068 and r = 0.3194, p = 0.0345, respectively). In conclusion, our results showed that β-catenin was the crucial protagonist in metastatic CRC through different effector proteins involved in this developing process. In tumor tissues, β-catenin was predominantly associated with NHERF1 in a dynamic context, while interestingly in liver metastases, we noted an increase of its oncogenic function through RASSF1A inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schirosi
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mazzotta
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Opinto
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Pinto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Giusi Graziano
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Livia Fucci
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Simone
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
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9
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Sun X, Yuan W, Hao F, Zhuang W. Promoter Methylation of RASSF1A indicates Prognosis for Patients with Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer Treated with Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5389-5395. [PMID: 29128865 PMCID: PMC5697441 DOI: 10.12659/msm.903927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of methylation of RAS association domain family protein 1 (RASSF1A) in the promoter region for patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC) receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Material/Methods There were 108 eligible CRC patients and 78 healthy controls included in this study. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was applied to detect the methylation status of RASSF1A in patients before and after chemotherapy. The effects of RASSF1A methylation on chemotherapy-sensitivity and prognosis for patients were also evaluated in the present study. Results The frequency of RASSF1A methylation was higher in CRC patients than in the healthy controls (48.44% versus 5.13%, p<0.001). After two cycles of chemotherapy, methylation ratio was significantly decreased (21.30%, p<0.001). Promoter methylation of RASSF1A was significantly correlated with tumor stage and pathological differentiation (p=0.008 and p=0.007, respectively). Patients without methylation had a favorable objective response (OR), compared with those with methylation (53.33% versus 25%, p=0.014). Methylation status of RASSF1A could influence progression-free survival and overall survival (log rank test, p<0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that RASSF1A methylation (HR=2.471, 95% CI=1.125–5.428, p=0.024) and OR (HR=2.678, 95% CI=1.085–6.610, p 0.033) were independently correlated with prognosis for patients treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Conclusions Promoter methylation of RASSF1A can influence sensitivity to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, which can be used to predict outcomes for patients with stage II and III CRC. In addition, the aberrant methylation may be a promising target for improving chemotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicai Sun
- Department of Health Management, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Furong Hao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wenzhen Zhuang
- Medical Record Management Section, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Hierarchical clustering analysis identifies metastatic colorectal cancers patients with more aggressive phenotype. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87782-87794. [PMID: 29152120 PMCID: PMC5675672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A large percentage of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients presents metastasis at the time of diagnosis. In the last years, great efforts have been made in the treatment of these patients with the identification of different phenotypes playing a key role in the definition of new systemic therapies. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was performed considering the clinicopathological characteristics of 51 mCRCs. Using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, we assessed the expression of β-catenin, NHERF1, RASSF1A, TWIST1, HIF-1α proteins in tumors and paired liver metastases. We also analyzed RASSF1A methylation status on the samples of the same patients. HCA distinguished Group 1 and Group 2 characterized by different clinicopathological features. Group 1 was characterized by higher number of positive lymph nodes (p=0.0139), poorly differentiated grade (p<0.0001) and high extent of tumor spread (p=0.0053) showing a more aggressive phenotype compared to Group 2. In both Groups, we found a common "basal" condition with a higher level of nuclear TWIST1 (p<0.0001 and cytoplasmic β-catenin (p<0.0001) in tumors than in paired liver metastases. Furthermore, the Group 1 was also characterized by RASSF1A hypermethylation (p<0.0001) and nuclear HIF-1α overexpression (p=0.0354) in paired liver metastases than in tumors. In conclusion, HCA identifies mCRC patients with a more aggressive phenotype. Moroever, our results support the important contribution to the progression of the disease of RASSF1A methylation and the oncogenic role of HIF-1α in these patients. These evidences, should provide relevant information concerning the biology of this tumor and, as a consequence, potential new systemic therapeutic approaches.
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Grawenda AM, O'Neill E. Clinical utility of RASSF1A methylation in human malignancies. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:372-81. [PMID: 26158424 PMCID: PMC4522630 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high frequency of RASSF1A methylation has been noted in a vast number of patients in a broad spectrum of malignancies, suggesting that RASSF1A inactivation is associated with cancer pathogenesis. However, whether this recurrent incidence of RASSF1A hypermethylation in human malignancies and its association with more aggressive tumour phenotype is a frequent event across different cancer types has not yet been discussed. In this review, we interrogated existing evidence for association of RASSF1A hypermethylation with clinicopathological characteristics that can indicate more invasive lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Grawenda
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E O'Neill
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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One Hippo and many masters: differential regulation of the Hippo pathway in cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 2015; 42:816-21. [PMID: 25109963 DOI: 10.1042/bst20140030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo/MST2 (mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 2) pathway is a signalling cascade evolutionarily conserved in its structure. Originally described in Drosophila melanogaster as a regulator of organ size, this pathway has greater functions in mammals. Disturbance of mammalian MST2 pathway is associated with tumorigenesis by affecting apoptosis, cell cycle and polarity. In addition, this pathway has been shown to cross-talk with mitogenic pathways at multiple levels. In the present mini-review, we discuss our contribution highlighting the regulation of MST2 signalling by frequently observed oncogenic perturbations affecting mitogenic pathways. In particular, we review the role of RAS isoforms and PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt in the regulation of MST2 activity by phosphorylation. We also put the emphasis on RAF-induced control of MST2 signalling by protein-protein interactions. Finally, we recapitulate some of the direct mechanisms, such as ubiquitin-dependent degradation or gene silencing by promoter hypermethylation, involved in MST2 pathway component down-regulation in cancers.
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Lee GT, Cha HJ, Lee KS, Lee KK, Hong JT, Ahn KJ, An IS, An S, Bae S. Arctiin induces an UVB protective effect in human dermal fibroblast cells through microRNA expression changes. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:640-8. [PMID: 24398562 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces severe alterations in the molecular and cellular components of normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells by disrupting many intracellular transduction cascades. Although UV responses have been well documented at the genome and proteome levels, UV protective effects have not been elucidated at these levels. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that arctiin, a phytochemical isolated from the plant Arctium lappa, induced a protective effect against UVB radiation by changing microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles. Using flow cytometry, and water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1)-based cell viability, wound healing, and DNA repair assays we showed that pretreatment with arctiin prior to UVB irradiation reduced UVB-induced apoptosis, cell migration defects, and DNA damage in NHDF cells. It was also found that arctiin‑induced UVB protection is associated with altered miRNA expression profiles. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the deregulated miRNAs were functionally involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and cancer signaling pathways. The results suggest that arctiin acts as a UVB protective agent by altering specific miRNA expression in NHDF cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghang Tai Lee
- Songpa R&D Center, Coreana Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-833, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jun Cha
- Molecular-Targeted Drug Research Center and Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Sik Lee
- Songpa R&D Center, Coreana Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-833, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Kook Lee
- Songpa R&D Center, Coreana Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-833, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sook An
- Molecular-Targeted Drug Research Center and Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkwan An
- Molecular-Targeted Drug Research Center and Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Molecular-Targeted Drug Research Center and Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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