Antitumor Effect of KML-B-Treated Dendritic Cells via Induction of Lymphocyte Activation

Enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapy by silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with ovalbumin

Background

The effective induction of an antigen-specific T cell immune response through dendritic cell activation is one of the key goals of tumor immunotherapy.

Methods

In this study, efficient antigen-delivery carriers using silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles were designed and, their antigen-specific T cell immune response through dendritic cell activation investigated.

Results

The results showed that the silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles with conjugated ovalbumin enhanced the production of cytokines and antigen uptake in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Also, this induced an antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response and activated antigen-specific Th1 cell responses, including IL-2 and IFN-γ production and proliferation. We proved that the immune-stimulatory effects of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles with conjugated ovalbumin were efficient in inhibiting of tumor growth in EG7-OVA (mouse lymphoma-expressing ovalbumin tumor-bearing mice model).

Conclusion

Therefore, the silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles with conjugated ovalbumin are expected to be useful as efficient anti-cancer immunotherapy agents.

Enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapy by dissolving microneedle patch loaded ovalbumin

The skin is a very suitable organ for the induction of immune responses to vaccine antigens. Antigen delivery systems to the skin by needle and syringe directly deposit the antigen into the epidermal-dermal compartment, one of the most immunocompetent sites due to the presence of professional antigen-presenting cells aimed at the induction of antigen-specific T cells. In this study, we analyzed the amount of ovalbumin as an antigen delivered to the skin by a microneedle. When ovalbumin protein as an antigen was delivered to the skin of mice using a dissolving microneedle, it induced an immune response through the enhanced proliferation and cytokines production by the splenocytes and lymph nodes. Also, it effectively increased the ovalbumin-specific CD8⁺ T cell and CD4⁺ T cell population and induced an ovalbumin-specific CTL response against the graft of ovalbumin-expressing EG7 tumor cells in the immunized mice. Also, we identified the inhibition of tumor growth and prevention of tumor formation in the context of the therapeutic and prophylactic vaccine, respectively through EG-7 tumor mouse model. Finally, these data show the potential of patches as attractive antigen delivery vehicles.

Overexpressed miR-195 attenuated immune escape of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by targeting PD-L1

BACKGROUND

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) seriously threatens patients life with the morbidity increases at a high rate. Immune response disorder is the potential factor that induces DLBCL, while the potential mechanism still not fully understand.

METHODS

Real-time PCR and western blot were performed to determine genes expression. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the expression of PD-1 and the ratio of PD-1⁺T cells. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the cytokines secretion.

RESULTS

MiR-195 was down-regulated, while PD-L1 was up-regulated in DLBCL tissues, and the rate of PD-1⁺T cells was increased in T cells of peripheral blood in DLBCL. Overexpressed miR-195 suppressed the expression of PD-L1. Moreover, miR-195 overexpression significantly promoted the secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α, but decreased IL-10 and PD-1⁺T cells rate in the co-culture model of T cells and OCI-Ly-10 cells. MiR-195 targets PD-L1 to regulate the expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10 and the rate of PD-1⁺T cells.

CONCLUSION

MiR-195 regulated immune response of DLBCL through targeting PD-L1.