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Shah N, Dakin SC, Mulholland PJ, Racheva K, Matlach J, Anderson RS. The Effect of Induced Intraocular Stray Light on Recognition Thresholds for Pseudo-High-Pass Filtered Letters. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:4. [PMID: 35511149 PMCID: PMC9078078 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Moorfields Acuity Chart (MAC)—comprising pseudo-high-pass filtered “vanishing optotype” (VO) letters—is more sensitive to functional visual loss in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) compared to conventional letter charts. It is currently unknown the degree to which MAC acuity is affected by optical factors such as cataract. This is important to know when determining whether an individual's vision loss owes more to neural or optical factors. Here we estimate recognition acuity for VOs and conventional letters with simulated lens aging, achieved using different levels of induced intraocular light scatter. Methods Recognition thresholds were determined for two experienced and one naive participant with conventional and VO letters. Stimuli were presented either foveally or at 10 degrees in the horizontal temporal retina, under varying degrees of intraocular light scatter induced by white resin opacity-containing filters (WOFs grades 1 to 5). Results Foveal acuity only became significantly different from baseline (no filter) for WOF grade 5 with conventional letters and WOF grades 4 and 5 with VOs. In the periphery, no statistical difference was found for any stray-light level for both conventional and VOs. Conclusions Recognition acuity measured with conventional and VOs is robust to the effects of simulated lens opacification, and thus its higher sensitivity to neural damage should not simultaneously be confounded by such optical factors. Translational Relevance The MAC may be better able to differentiate between neural and optical deficits of visual performance, making it more suitable for the assessment of patients with AMD, who may display both types of functional visual loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilpa Shah
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Steven C Dakin
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pádraig J Mulholland
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Centre for Optometry and Vision Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster at Coleraine, N Ireland, UK
| | - Kalina Racheva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Juliane Matlach
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Roger S Anderson
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Centre for Optometry and Vision Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster at Coleraine, N Ireland, UK
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Casares-López M, Castro-Torres JJ, Martino F, Ortiz-Peregrina S, Ortiz C, Anera RG. Contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight after alcohol consumption: effects on driving performance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13599. [PMID: 32788613 PMCID: PMC7423611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of alcohol intake on visual function and driving performance, as well as on the relationship between these. A total of 40 healthy participants took part in three experimental sessions: one baseline session and two further sessions after consuming two different quantities of alcohol (300 ml and 450 ml of red wine). The breath alcohol content (BrAC) was measured using a breath analyzer. The contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight due to the forward intraocular scattering were measured to characterize visual function, and driving performance was assessed in three different scenarios using a driving simulator. The results showed a deterioration in contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight after drinking alcohol, in addition to an impaired ability to drive, especially for the highest alcohol intake. We also observed that the deteriorated driving performance was a function of the contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight under the effects of alcohol, indicating that these visual variables can partially predict driving performance in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Casares-López
- Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, Department of Optics, Facultad de Ciencias (Edificio Mecenas), University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - José J Castro-Torres
- Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, Department of Optics, Facultad de Ciencias (Edificio Mecenas), University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Francesco Martino
- Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, Department of Optics, Facultad de Ciencias (Edificio Mecenas), University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Sonia Ortiz-Peregrina
- Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, Department of Optics, Facultad de Ciencias (Edificio Mecenas), University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Carolina Ortiz
- Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, Department of Optics, Facultad de Ciencias (Edificio Mecenas), University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario G Anera
- Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, Department of Optics, Facultad de Ciencias (Edificio Mecenas), University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
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Palkovits S, Hirnschall N, Georgiev S, Leisser C, Findl O. Effect of Cataract Extraction on Retinal Sensitivity Measurements. Ophthalmic Res 2020; 64:10-14. [PMID: 32209789 DOI: 10.1159/000507450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central and paracentral retinal function is often compromised in various retinal diseases. In these conditions, microperimetry is an important tool for assessing retinal sensitivity values. As retinal diseases are prevalent among the elderly, cataract often coexists. This study investigates the effect of cataract surgery on retinal sensitivity in patients with cataract without retinal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 30 patients already scheduled for cataract surgery were enrolled and microperimetry and visual acuity evaluation was performed before and after cataract extraction. The patients were allocated to 1 of 3 study groups in accordance with the main cataract subtype: nuclear, cortical, or posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract. RESULTS Visual acuity increased significantly after cataract surgery (from 0.34 to 0.00 logMar, p < 0.001, paired t test). Similarly, median retinal sensitivity increased significantly from 23 dB (IQR 21-25 dB) to 27 dB (IQR 25.75-28 dB) (p < 0.001, Wilcoxon test). The increase of retinal sensitivity after cataract surgery was highest in the PSC cataract group. CONCLUSION This study showed an increase in retinal sensitivity values after cataract removal, especially in the PSC group. Therefore, coexisting cataract should be considered when interpreting microperimetry results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Palkovits
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery (VIROS), A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria, .,Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria,
| | - Nino Hirnschall
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery (VIROS), A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Georgiev
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery (VIROS), A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Leisser
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery (VIROS), A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Findl
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery (VIROS), A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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Gaurisankar ZS, van Rijn GA, Luyten GP, van den Berg TJ. Straylight As The Result Of Refractive Correction. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:2195-2201. [PMID: 31814704 PMCID: PMC6858836 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s224970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of refractive correction on straylight. Patients and methods Straylight values were measured with the C-Quant (Oculus Optikgeräte, GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) in 1) near-emmetropic eyes (n=30) with various negative powered refractive lenses and in 2) myopic eyes (n=30) corrected with prescribed eyeglasses and contact lenses. The straylight measurements in each group were compared in the different conditions. Results In the near-emmetropic group, a significant effect (p<0.001) of each added negative diopter was found to increase straylight values with 0.006 log-units. In the second group, no significant correlation with type of correcting lens was found on straylight values. Conclusion Refractive correction with high minus power (contact) lenses result in subtle increase of straylight values. These changes are relatively small and do not lead to visual disability in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoraida S Gaurisankar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gwyneth A van Rijn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gregorius Pm Luyten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Jtp van den Berg
- Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Lu C, Yu S, Song H, Zhao Y, Xie S, Tang X, Yuan X. Posterior capsular opacification comparison between morphology and objective visual function. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:40. [PMID: 30717688 PMCID: PMC6360676 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-019-1051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the influence of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) morphology and severity on intraocular stray light and visual function with different levels of contrast. METHODS Forty-five patients diagnosed with PCO were included in this prospective consecutive case series. The Optical Quality Analysis System II (OQAS II) was adopted to assess the objective visual function including objective scatter index (OSI) and optical quality analysis system values (OVs) with 100, 20, and 9% contrast. RTVue-100 OCT was used to evaluate the PCO morphology and severity. Comparisons among visual function, morphology, and severity between pear type and fibrosis PCO were performed. The correlations among the PCO morphology, severity, OSI, and OVs were also determined. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between increased OSI and decreased visual acuity in PCO patients before laser capsulotomy. The changes of OSI were also correlated with the PCO area for the 3 mm IOL optic region (r = 0.43, p = 0.02). The OSI was significantly higher in pear type PCO when compared with fibrosis PCO (Z = - 4.06, p ≤ 0.001). In addition, the increased OSI in pear type PCO was significantly correlated with the 100% OVs and the 20% OVs but not with the 9% OVs. In fibrosis PCO, OSI was only correlated with the 100% OVs and the 20% OVs pre-YAG. CONCLUSIONS OSI and OVs could objectively indicate the visual function impairment in PCO patients. Effects of PCO on light scattering and on objective visual function might be explained by the variations of morphology and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhe Lu
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Shasha Yu
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Hui Song
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Shiyong Xie
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yuan
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, No.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China. .,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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