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Desa DE, Qian T, Skala MC. Label-free optical imaging and sensing for quality control of stem cell manufacturing. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 25:100435. [PMID: 37885458 PMCID: PMC10602581 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2022.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human stem cells provide emerging methods for drug screening, disease modeling, and personalized patient therapies. To meet this growing demand for scale-up, stem cell manufacturing methods must be streamlined with continuous monitoring technologies and automated feedback to optimize growth conditions for high production and consistency. Label-free optical imaging and sensing, including multiphoton microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and low-cost methods such as phase and transmitted light microscopy, can provide rapid, repeatable, and non-invasive monitoring of stem cells throughout cell differentiation and maturation. Machine learning algorithms trained on label-free optical imaging and sensing features could identify viable cells and predict optimal manufacturing conditions. These techniques have the potential to streamline stem cell manufacturing and accelerate their use in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Desa
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, United States
| | - Tongcheng Qian
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, United States
| | - Melissa C Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, United States
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Devine D, Vijayakumar V, Wong SW, Lenzini S, Newman P, Shin JW. Hydrogel Micropost Arrays with Single Post Tunability to Study Cell Volume and Mechanotransduction. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2020; 4:e2000012. [PMID: 33053274 PMCID: PMC7704779 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix varies considerably in mechanical properties at the microscale. It remains unclear how cells respond to these properties, in part, due to lack of tools to create precisely defined microenvironments in a discrete manner. Here, freeform stereolithography is leveraged to control the placement and elastic modulus of individual hydrogel microposts that serve as discrete matrix signals to interface with cells. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) located in the interstitial spaces between microposts above a base layer are analyzed. Cell volume is higher when MSCs interact with more microposts. MSCs show higher strain energy when they interact simultaneously with 4-kPa and 20-kPa microposts than with mechanically homogeneous micropost arrays. MSCs are sensitive to pharmacological inhibition of Rho-associated protein kinase in 4-kPa arrays, but resistant when presented together with 20-kPa arrays. Yes-associated protein (YAP) activity increases with higher cell volume and elastic modulus of microposts. Surprisingly, YAP activity becomes less variable with higher cell volume and decreases with higher average force and strain energy per post when MSCs interact with both 4-kPa and 20-kPa microposts simultaneously. Together, these results describe a material system for systematically investigating how the placement and intrinsic properties of discrete matrix signals impact cell volume and mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Devine
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vishwaarth Vijayakumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sing Wan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Lenzini
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Newman
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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