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Petrigna L, Amato A, Sortino M, Trovato B, Zanghì M, Roggio F, Musumeci G. Intervention Hypothesis for Training with Whole-Body Vibration to Improve Physical Fitness Levels: An Umbrella Review. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:100. [PMID: 38921636 PMCID: PMC11204594 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a training modality, and it seems to be a safe and efficient exercise especially to improve different aspects of physical fitness in different populations. The protocols for WBV are still not standardized. The difficulty in comparing the data confuses the real efficacy of this instrument. Consequently, the objective of this umbrella review is to analyze the protocols previously adopted and eventually to propose a standard operating procedure for WBV training. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on WBV were searched on the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until 18 March 2024. A quality assessment of the studies included has been performed. A total of 20 studies were included in this umbrella review and frequency, magnitude, and amplitude intensity data were recorded. Detailed information about the protocols (static or dynamic exercises, barefoot or with shoes, intensity duration, weekly frequency, and vibration characteristics) was also collected. WBV presents widely different protocols. Consequently, a standard operating procedure has not been proposed for WBV training. A hypothesis of intervention was instead written in which parameters for frequency, amplitude, acceleration, and training mode were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.P.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (F.R.)
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Bossier C, Stark C, Martakis K, Duran I, Schoenau E. Motor improvement in children with PMM2-CDG syndrome following a six-month rehabilitation treatment utilising whole-body vibration; a retrospective study. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2024; 24:12-21. [PMID: 38427364 PMCID: PMC10910202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a six-month interval rehabilitation treatment on motor function of children with PMM2-CDG syndrome (#212065 Congenital disorder of glycosylation, Type Ia; CDG1A, OMIM catalogue number). METHODS The concept 'Auf die Beine' (Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation of the University of Cologne, Germany) combines two short inpatient stays (1 to 2 weeks) with a six-month whole-body vibration (WBV) home-training program. 13 patients with PMM2-CDG syndrome participated in this concept from 2006 until 2015. Assessments at start, six months and 12 months (follow-up): Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66), One-Minute Walk Test (1MWT) and instrumented gait analyses. RESULTS The GMFM-66 (9 of 13 children) improved by 5.3 (mean) points (SD 3.2) at 12 months (p=0.0039). The 1MWT (6 of 13 children) improved by 19.17 meter (SD 16.51) after 12 months (p=0.0313). Gait analysis (9 of 13 children) measured by pathlength/distance ratio improved by -0.8 (SD 1.9) at 12 months (p=0.0195). CONCLUSION Patients with PMM2-CDG syndrome benefit from the interval rehabilitation program 'Auf die Beine' including WBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Bossier
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, UniReha, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Stark
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Kyriakos Martakis
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany
- Pediatric Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Gießen, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Duran
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, UniReha, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Eckhard Schoenau
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, UniReha, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany
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Bracchiglione J, Meza N, Pérez-Carrasco I, Vergara-Merino L, Madrid E, Urrútia G, Bonfill Cosp X. A methodological review finds mismatch between overall and pairwise overlap analysis in a sample of overviews. J Clin Epidemiol 2023; 159:31-39. [PMID: 37164290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overlap of primary studies is a key methodological challenge for overviews. There are limited reports of methods used to address overlap, and there is no detailed assessment of the corrected covered area (CCA) of a representative sample of overviews. To describe the approaches used to address overlap, and to estimate the overall and pairwise CCA. METHODS We searched PubMed for overviews published in 2018. Two authors conducted the screening process. We described the strategy used for assessing overlap, and calculated overall and pairwise CCA for each overview. RESULTS We analyzed a random sample of 30 out of 89 eligible articles. Eleven did not address the overlap. Of the remainder, most frequent strategies were visual assessment and discussion of overlap as a limitation. Median overall CCA among the included overviews was 6.7%. The pairwise analysis showed that 52.8% of SR pairs had slight overlap, while 28.3% had very high overlap. CONCLUSION Reported strategies for addressing overlap vary considerably among overview authors. The pairwise approach for assessing the CCA revealed highly overlapped pairs of SRs in overviews with overall slight overlap and vice versa. We encourage authors to complement the overall CCA assessment with a pairwise approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bracchiglione
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Studies (CIESAL), Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nicolás Meza
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Studies (CIESAL), Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | | | - Laura Vergara-Merino
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Studies (CIESAL), Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Eva Madrid
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Studies (CIESAL), Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Gerard Urrútia
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Bonfill Cosp
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Minematsu A, Nishii Y. Effects of whole body vibration on bone properties in growing rats. Int Biomech 2022; 9:19-26. [DOI: 10.1080/23335432.2022.2142666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Minematsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Yasue Nishii
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, 635-0832, Japan
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Liu X, Gao X, Tong J, Yu L, Xu M, Zhang J. Improvement of Osteoporosis in Rats With Hind-Limb Unloading Treated With Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and Whole-Body Vibration. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6652209. [PMID: 35906872 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical factors have been used to address disuse osteoporosis, but their effects and mechanism remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) and whole-body vibration (WBV) on disuse osteoporosis to increase knowledge about treating osteoporosis. METHODS A disuse osteoporosis rat model was developed by hind-limb unloading (HU) for 6 weeks. Forty 4-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups and given the following interventions: HU, HU treated with PEMF (HUP), HU treated with WBV (HUW), HU treated with both PEMF and WBV (HUPW), and no intervention (controls). After 8 weeks of intervention, measurements were taken. RESULTS HU induced a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), whereas HUP, HUW, and HUPW increased it. Moreover, the bone resorption markers tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and C-terminal peptide of type 1 collagen in the HU group significantly increased, whereas the osteogenesis markers osteocalcin and N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen significantly decreased. The markers osteocalcin and N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen significantly increased, but TRAP and C-terminal peptide of type 1 collagen significantly decreased in the HUPW, HUP, and HUW groups compared with the HU group. In particular, HUPW effectively increased osteocalcin and decreased TRAP compared with HUP and WBV. Microcomputed tomography analysis of the femur indicated that HUPW improved trabecular number, bone volume over total volume, bone surface over bone volume, trabecular separation, and the structure model index compared with HUP and that it improved bone surface over bone volume, trabecular separation, and structure model index compared with HUW. The HUPW group showed a significant increase in maximum load compared with the HUW group and a significant increase in elastic modulus compared with the HUP group. CONCLUSION PEMF, WBV, and their combination all attenuated bone resorption and enhanced osteogenesis. WBV and the combination of treatments have great potential to improve osteogenesis compared with PEMF. In addition, HUPW significantly attenuated bone resorption compared with HUW and HUP. IMPACT The results of this study indicated that HUPW could effectively improve disuse osteoporosis compared with HUP, given that trabecular number and bone volume over total volume are associated with disuse osteoporosis. Moreover, BMD recovered well with HUP, HUW, and HUPW but the bone structure-especially mechanical performance-did not, indicating that osteoporosis should be evaluated with BMD and mechanical performance, not with BMD in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Honghui Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minglong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Fernandez P, Pasqualini M, Locrelle H, Normand M, Bonneau C, Lafage Proust MH, Marotte H, Thomas T, Vico L. The effects of combined amplitude and high-frequency vibration on physically inactive osteopenic postmenopausal women. Front Physiol 2022; 13:952140. [PMID: 36160873 PMCID: PMC9491321 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.952140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate whole-body vibration (WBV) osteogenic potential in physically inactive postmenopausal women using high-frequency and combined amplitude stimuli. Methods: Two-hundred fifty-five physically inactive postmenopausal women (55–75 years) with 10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk (3%–35%) participated in this 18-month study. For the first 12 months, the vibration group experienced progressive 20-min WBV sessions (up to 3 sessions/week) with rest periods (30–60 s) between exercises. Frequencies (30–50 Hz), with low (0.2–0.4 mm) and high (0.6–0.8 mm) amplitude stimuli were delivered via PowerPlate Pro5 platforms producing accelerations of (0.75–7.04 g). The last 6 months for the treatment group were a follow-up period similar to control. Serum bone remodelling markers [C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type-1 collagen (CTX), procollagen type-1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and sclerostin] were measured at fasting. CTX and P1NP were determined by automated chemiluminescence immunoassay, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) by automated spectrophotometric immunoassay, and sclerostin by an enzyme-immunoassay. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the whole-body, proximal femur and lumbar vertebrae was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone microarchitecture of the distal non-dominant radius and tibia was measured by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). Results: Femoral neck (p = 0.520) and spine BMD (p = 0.444) failed to improve after 12 months of WBV. Bone macro and microstructural parameters were not impacted by WBV, as well as estimated failure load at the distal radius (p = 0.354) and tibia (p = 0.813). As expected, most DXA and HR-pQCT parameters displayed age-related degradation in this postmenopausal population. BAP and CTX increased over time in both groups, with CTX more marginally elevated in the vibration group when comparing baseline changes to month-12 (480.80 pmol/L; p = 0.039) and month-18 (492.78 pmol/L; p = 0.075). However, no differences were found when comparing group concentrations only at month-12 (506.35 pmol/L; p = 0.415) and month-18 (518.33 pmol/L; p = 0.480), indicating differences below the threshold of clinical significance. Overall, HR-pQCT, DXA bone parameters and bone turnover markers remained unaffected. Conclusion: Combined amplitude and high-frequency training for one year had no ameliorating effect on DXA and HR-pQCT bone parameters in physically inactive postmenopausal women. Serum analysis did not display any significant improvement in formation and resorption markers and also failed to alter sclerostin concentrations between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fernandez
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- *Correspondence: Peter Fernandez,
| | - Marion Pasqualini
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hervé Locrelle
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Myriam Normand
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Christine Bonneau
- Biology and Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Lafage Proust
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hubert Marotte
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Thierry Thomas
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
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DadeMatthews OO, Agostinelli PJ, Neal FK, Oladipupo SO, Hirschhorn RM, Wilson AE, Sefton JM. Systematic Review and Meta-analyses on the Effects of Whole-body Vibration on Bone Health. Complement Ther Med 2022; 65:102811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Seefried L, Genest F, Strömsdörfer J, Engelmann B, Lapa C, Jakob F, Baumann FT, Sperlich B, Jundt F. Impact of whole-body vibration exercise on physical performance and bone turnover in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. J Bone Oncol 2020; 25:100323. [PMID: 33083217 PMCID: PMC7551327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) is a risk factor for reduced physical performance, osteoporosis, and fractures due to compromised musculoskeletal metabolism. In this condition it is unknown whether whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise favorably alters physical performance and bone metabolism. METHODS To evaluate the effect of three-months WBV exercise (30 min; 2x/week) including an optional three-month extension on physical performance, bone metabolism and bone mineral density. Endpoints included functional assessments, bone turnover markers and bone mineral density assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the tibia. RESULTS Fifteen MGUS patients (median age 62.0, nine female) completed the first three months of which ten completed the three-month extension. Measures of physical functioning including chair rise test, timed up and go and 6-minute walk test improved (p = 0.007; p = 0.009; p = 0.005) after three and six months of WBV exercise. Total tibial bone mineral density remained unaltered (p > 0.05). WBV exercise tended to increase levels of sclerostin (p = 0.093) with a transient increase in osteoclast resorption markers (N-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b) after three months while Dickkopf-1 (p = 0.093), procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (p = 0.074) and total alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.016) appeared to decline. No exercise-related adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION WBV exercise in MGUS patients improves indicators of physical performance. Observed trends in bone turnover markers and changes in distal tibial bone mineral density may indicate a regulatory effect of WBV exercise on bone metabolism and warrants further evaluation by large scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Seefried
- Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franca Genest
- Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Strömsdörfer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Engelmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Experimental and Clinical Osteology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Freerk T Baumann
- Department 1 of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Billy Sperlich
- Integrative and Experimental Training Science, Department of Sport Science, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Jundt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the last 10 years of literature regarding the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on bone in children, and if WBV results in increased bone acquisition. RECENT FINDINGS WBV intervention appears to be a safe intervention with beneficial effects on bone mass in some diseases and syndromes, but there is still low evidence for WBV in clinical practice. The positive effects on muscle strength, balance, and walking speed are more conclusive. One of the takeaways of this review is that well-trained individuals may not further improve bone mass with WBV; thus, interventions are more beneficial in pediatric individuals with Down syndrome or severe motor disabilities with low bone mass and reduced activity levels. WBV appears to be a safe non-pharmacological anabolic approach to increase bone mass in some pediatric populations; however, longer (> 6 months) and larger prospective studies are needed to elucidate the efficacy of WBV on bone health in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Swolin-Eide
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Per Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Effects of centrifugation and whole-body vibrations on blood-brain barrier permeability in mice. NPJ Microgravity 2020; 6:1. [PMID: 31934612 PMCID: PMC6946672 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-019-0094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modifications of gravity levels induce generalized adaptation of mammalian physiology, including vascular, brain, muscle, bone and immunity functions. As a crucial interface between the vascular system and the brain, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) acts as a filter to protect neurons from pathogens and inflammation. Here we compare the effects of several protocols of hypergravity induced by centrifugation and whole-body vibrations (WBV) on BBB integrity. The immunohistochemistry revealed immunoglobulin G (IgG) extravasation from blood to hippocampal parenchyma of mice centrifuged at 2 × g during 1 or 50 days, whereas short exposures to higher hypergravity mimicking the profiles of spaceflight landing and take-off (short exposures to 5 × g) had no effects. These results suggest prolonged centrifugation (>1 days) at 2 × g induced a BBB leakage. Moreover, WBV were similarly tested. The short exposure to +2 × g vibrations (900 s/day at 90 Hz) repeated for 63 days induced IgG extravasation in hippocampal parenchyma, whereas the progressive increase of vibrations from +0.5 to +2 × g for 63 days was not able to affect the IgG crossing through the BBB. Overall, these results suggest that the BBB permeability is sensitive to prolonged external accelerations. In conclusion, we advise that the protocols of WBV and centrifugation, proposed as countermeasure to spaceflight, should be designed with progressively increasing exposure to reduce potential side effects on the BBB.
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Camacho-Cardenosa M, Camacho-Cardenosa A, Burtscher M, Brazo-Sayavera J, Tomas-Carus P, Olcina G, Timón R. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training Combined With Cyclic Hypoxia on Bone Mineral Density in Elderly People. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1122. [PMID: 31543827 PMCID: PMC6728928 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis are an issue of great concern in public health so that the increase/maintenance of whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) is clinically relevant and could reduce the financial burden. Whole-body vibration (WBV) has been recently proposed as a potential alternative to bone stimulation, which combined with therapies, could provide a new treatment for osteoporosis prevention. In this sense, moderate cyclic hypoxia protocols may help to restrain osteoclastic activity and/or stimulate osteoblastic activity, enhance the effects of whole-body vibration alone. So, the present study investigated the effects of cyclic hypoxic exposure combined with WBV training on BMD of the elderly. Healthy elderly persons (n = 30) were randomly assigned to a (1) Hypoxia-Whole Body Vibration group (HWBV; n = 10), (2) Normoxic-Whole Body Vibration group (NWBV; n = 10) or (3) Control group (CON; n = 10). During 18 weeks, HWBV performed WBV treatment under normobaric hypoxic conditions (16.1% FiO2). A vibration session included 4 bouts of 30 s (12.6 Hz–4 mm) with 1 min rest between bouts. NWBV performed the same vibration treatment as HWBV but under normoxic conditions. Whole-body and proximal femur BMD (g⋅cm−2) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Two-way ANOVA indicated a borderline significant (p = 0.07) time x group interaction for total BMD; post hoc analysis revealed a slight but significant (p = 0.021) increase of BMD after treatment in the HWBV group. In conclusion, 18-week WBV training with hypoxic stimuli has shown positive effects for the participants of the current study. As changes did not differ significantly between groups, future large-scale studies will be necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, Medical Section, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay.,Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Tomas-Carus
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Olcina
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Rafael Timón
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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