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De Chiara L, Barcia-Castro L, Gallardo-Gómez M, Páez de la Cadena M, Martínez-Zorzano VS, Rodríguez-Berrocal FJ, Bujanda L, Etxart A, Castells A, Balaguer F, Jover R, Cubiella J, Cordero OJ. Evaluation of Blood Soluble CD26 as a Complementary Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194563. [PMID: 36230486 PMCID: PMC9559671 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fecal hemoglobin immunodetection (FIT) in combination with endoscopy has been implemented to reduce mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC), although there are issues that can be improved in relation to participation rates. We studied whether the blood biomarker soluble-CD26 (sCD26), related at least in part to the immune system and inflammation, and/or its dipeptidyl peptidase enzyme activity (DPP4), could help reduce false positives. In a cohort of 1703 individuals who underwent colonoscopy and had a serum sample, sCD26 and DPP4 activity showed statistically significant differences regarding sex and age. According to the colonoscopy findings, sCD26 and DPP4 activity progressively decreased in advanced adenomas and CRC, with statistically significant differences, even between both groups; 918 of them had a FIT result (n = 596 positive cases) with approximately 70% of these (n = 412) false positives. With cut-offs of 440 ng/mL for sCD26, 42 mU/mL for DPP4, and 11 ng/mU for their ratio, the combined information of the three biomarkers (at least positive for one biomarker) identified almost all advanced adenomas and CRC cases in the FIT cohort with approximately half of the false positives compared to FIT. A sequential testing strategy with FIT and our blood biomarker test is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta De Chiara
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.D.C.); (O.J.C.); Tel.: +34 986130051 (L.D.C.)
| | - Leticia Barcia-Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
| | - María Gallardo-Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
| | - María Páez de la Cadena
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ane Etxart
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Balaguer
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Jover
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Joaquín Cubiella
- Department of Gastroenterology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, CIBERehd, 32005 Ourense, Spain
| | - Oscar J. Cordero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CIBUS Building, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.D.C.); (O.J.C.); Tel.: +34 986130051 (L.D.C.)
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CD26 Induces Colorectal Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis through CAV1/MMP1 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031181. [PMID: 35163100 PMCID: PMC8835326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CD26 has been reported as a marker for colorectal cancer stem cells endowed with tumor-initiating properties and capable of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. In this study, we investigated the functional effect of CD26 on CRC angiogenesis and metastasis, and the potential underlying mechanism. The functional effects of CD26 overexpression or repression were determined by a wound healing experiment, and cell migration and invasion assays in vitro and in mouse models. Differentially expressed genes regulated by CD26 were identified by genome-wide mRNA expression array and validated by quantitative PCR. CD26 functionally regulated CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro and angiogenesis and metastasis in vivo. Genome-wide mRNA expression array and qPCR showed that MMP1 was up-regulated in CD26+ subpopulation, and a subsequent experiment demonstrated the regulatory effect of CD26 on MMP1 in CRC cell lines with CD26 repression or overexpression. Furthermore, overexpression of CAV1 abrogated the CD26-regulated MMP1 induction in CRC cell lines. This study demonstrated the functional roles of CD26 in inducing CRC migration, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis and identified the potential involvement of MMP1 and CAV1 in such process. CD26 is an attractive therapeutic target for combating tumor progression to improve the prognosis of CRC patients.
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