Integration of 5G and Block-Chain Technologies in Smart Telemedicine Using IoT

Internet of Medical Things Systems Review: Insights into Non-Functional Factors

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a rapidly evolving field with the potential to bring significant changes to healthcare. While several surveys have examined the structure and operation of these systems, critical aspects such as interoperability, sustainability, security, runtime self-adaptation, and configurability are sometimes overlooked. Interoperability is essential for integrating data from various devices and platforms to provide a comprehensive view of a patient's health. Sustainability addresses the environmental impact of IoMT technologies, crucial in the context of green computing. Security ensures the protection of sensitive patient data from breaches and manipulation. Runtime self-adaptation allows systems to adjust to changing patient conditions and environments. Configurability enables IoMT frameworks to monitor diverse patient conditions and manage different treatment paths. This article reviews current techniques addressing these aspects and highlights areas requiring further research.

Role of 5G Networks in Healthcare Management System

The present-day healthcare system operates on a 4G network, where the data rate needed for many IoT devices is impossible. Also, the latency involved in the network does not support the use of many devices in the network. The 5G-based cellular technology promises an effective healthcare management system with high speed and low latency. The 5G communication technology will replace the 4G technology to satisfy the increasing demand for high data rates. It incorporates higher frequency bands of around 100 MHz using millimetre waves and broadband modulation schemes. It is aimed at providing low latency while supporting real-time machine-to-machine communication. It requires a more significant number of antennas, with an average base station density three times higher than 4G. However, the rise in circuit and processing power for multiple antennas and transceivers deteriorates energy efficiency. Also, the data transmission power for 5G is three times higher than for 4G technology. One of the advanced processors used in today's mobile equipment is NVIDIA Tegra, which has a multicore system on chip (SoC) architecture with two ARM Cortex CPU cores to handle audio, images, and video. The state-of-the-art software coding using JAVA or Python has achieved smooth data transmission from mobile equipment, desktop or laptop through the internet with the support of 5G communication technology. This paper discusses some key areas related to 5G-based healthcare systems such as the architecture, antenna designs, power consumption, file protocols, security, and health implications of 5G networks.

Improved Handover Authentication in Fifth-Generation Communication Networks Using Fuzzy Evolutionary Optimisation with Nanocore Elements in Mobile Healthcare Applications

Authentication is a suitable form of restricting the network from different types of attacks, especially in case of fifth-generation telecommunication networks, especially in healthcare applications. The handover and authentication mechanism are one such type that enables mitigation of attacks in health-related services. In this paper, we model an evolutionary model that uses a fuzzy evolutionary model in maintaining the handover and key management to improve the performance of authentication in nanocore technology-based 5G networks. The model is designed in such a way that it minimizes the delays and complexity while authenticating the networks in 5G networks. The attacks are mitigated using an evolutionary model when it is trained with the relevant attack datasets, and the model is validated to mitigate the attacks. The simulation is conducted to test the efficacy of the model, and the results of simulation show that the proposed method is effective in improving the handling and authentication and mitigation against various types of attacks in mobile health applications.

How Does Smart Healthcare Service Affect Resident Health in the Digital Age? Empirical Evidence From 105 Cities of China

With the emergence of the digital age, smart healthcare services based on the new generation of information technologies play an increasingly important role in improving the quality of resident health. This study empirically examined the impact of regional smart healthcare services on resident health as well as the underlying mechanism by employing a two-way fixed effects model. We constructed a Regional Smart Healthcare Service Development Index and matched it with survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to validate the model. The results showed that (1) smart healthcare services have a significant positive impact on resident health. (2) The availability of outpatient services and inpatient services plays a mediating role in the relationship between regional smart healthcare services and resident health. (3) The influence of regional smart healthcare services on resident health is heterogeneous among different regions. Specifically, the effect of smart healthcare services on resident health is significant in the eastern regions, while it is not significant in the central, western, and northeastern regions. The effect of smart healthcare services on resident health is significant in rural regions but not in urban regions. This study enriches the nascent research stream of smart healthcare services. This study offers useful insights for practitioners and the government to guide them in formulating smart healthcare strategies.

Cognitive IoT-Based e-Learning System: Enabling Context-Aware Remote Schooling during the Pandemic

The 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic had far-reaching consequences beyond the spread of the disease and efforts to cure it. Today, it is obvious that the pandemic devastated key sectors ranging from health to economy, culture, and education. As far as education is concerned, one direct result of the spread of the pandemic was the resort to suspending traditional in-person classroom courses and relying on remote learning and homeschooling instead, by exploiting e-learning technologies, but many challenges are faced by these technologies. Most of these challenges are centered around the efficiency of these delivery methods, interactivity, and knowledge testing. These issues raise the need to develop an advanced smart educational system that assists home-schooled students, provides teachers with a range of smart new tools, and enable a dynamic and interactive e-learning experience. Technologies like the Internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), including cognitive models and context-awareness, can be a driving force in the future of e-learning, opening many opportunities to overcome the limitation of the existing remote learning systems and provide an efficient reliable augmented learning experience. Furthermore, virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), introduced in education as a way for asynchronous learning, can be a second driving force of future synchronous learning. The teacher and students can see each other in a virtual class even if they are geographically spread in a city, a country, or the globe. The main goal of this work is to design and provide a model supporting intelligent teaching assisting and engaging e-learning activity. This paper presents a new model, ViRICTA, an intelligent system, proposing an end-to-end solution with a stack technology integrating the Internet of things and artificial intelligence. The designed system aims to enable a valuable learning experience, providing an efficient, interactive, and proactive context-aware learning smart services.