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Palacios-Saucedo GDC, Vazquez-Guillen JM, Alanis-Valdez AY, Valdez-Treviño LL, Galindo-Mendez LR, Zavala-Pompa A, Rivera-Morales LG, Martinez-Torres AC, Lopez-Vazquez R, Castelan-Maldonado EE, Saenz-Frias JA, Hernandez-Martinez SJ, Moncada-Hernandez A, Tamez-Guerra RS, Rodriguez-Padilla C. Co-infection of human papillomavirus genotypes and Epstein-Barr virus in tumors of the oral cavity and oropharynx: a retrospective study in Northeastern Mexico. IJID REGIONS 2025; 14:100555. [PMID: 39877418 PMCID: PMC11772935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Revised: 12/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotyping of human papillomavirus (HPV) and to assess co-infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers (OC and OPC) specimens from patients at a tertiary care hospital in Northeastern Mexico. Methods Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 41 patients with OC and OPC were evaluated. HPV detection and genotyping were performed using the Ampliquality HPV-Type Express kit. EBV DNA detection was carried out by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results HPV DNA was detected in 14 (34.1%) specimens, with a higher prevalence in OC (78.6%) compared with OPC (21.4%). HPV-16 was the most frequently identified genotype (92.9%), found as a single infection in 53.8% of cases and co-infection with other genotypes in 46.2%. EBV DNA was detected in six (14.6%) specimens, with OC being the most common site. Co-infection with HPV and EBV was observed in only one case. Statistical significance was found between HPV infection and smoking history (p = 0.020) and between EBV infection and patient age (p = 0.026). Conclusions Our results reveal a higher prevalence of HPV infection in OC compared with OPC, with HPV-16 being the predominant genotype. HPV-positive cases were predominantly found in older male patients. Thus, expanding HPV vaccination to broader populations could potentially impact cancer incidence. EBV co-infection with HPV was infrequent, and further research is needed to fully understand the role of these viruses in OC and OPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo del Carmen Palacios-Saucedo
- Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Jose Manuel Vazquez-Guillen
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Alondra Yamileth Alanis-Valdez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Leticia Lizeth Valdez-Treviño
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Luis Roberto Galindo-Mendez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades No. 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | - Angel Zavala-Pompa
- Laboratorio Medicina Diagnostica S.A. de C.V. Av. Simón Bolívar No, Monterrey, México
| | - Lydia Guadalupe Rivera-Morales
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Ana Carolina Martinez-Torres
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Roberto Lopez-Vazquez
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades No. 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | | | - Julia Angelina Saenz-Frias
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades No. 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | | | - Adrian Moncada-Hernandez
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades No. 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, México
| | - Reyes S. Tamez-Guerra
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
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Nivedha J, Vennila L, Sindhu G, Kanimozhi K, Raj TC. Investigating the Anticancer Potential of Biochanin A in KB Oral Cancer Cells Through the NFκB Pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4130. [PMID: 39364853 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignancy primarily affecting squamous cells. Its development is linked to multiple risk factors, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen extracted from red clover, has been extensively researched for its therapeutic properties. It spans antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, and anticancer potential in different bodily systems. However, its impact on oral cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, this investigation aims to assess the potential anticancer effects of BCA, specifically on KB oral cancer cells. This study utilized KB cells to evaluate the impact of BCA on various cellular parameters, including cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell migration. BCA treatment induced several notable effects on KB cells, including reduced cell viability, altered morphology suggestive of apoptosis, heightened oxidative stress, and alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, BCA treatment demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell migration. The study further investigated the impact of BCA on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation, revealing decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation across different BCA concentrations (IC50 and IC90). Immunocytochemistry and qRT-PCR analyses unveiled that BCA treatment at varying doses (IC50 and IC90) downregulated the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits p50 and p65, pivotal players in cancer progression. In summary, this study sheds light on the promising potential of BCA as an anticancer therapeutic agent for treating oral cancer. Its demonstrated ability to induce apoptosis, perturb cellular functions, and modulate gene expression within cancer cells underscores its significance. Nonetheless, further research, particularly following animal studies, is imperative to comprehensively grasp the breadth of BCA's effects and its viability for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Nivedha
- Department of Bio-Chemistry & Bio-technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshmanan Vennila
- Department of Bio-Chemistry & Bio-technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganapathy Sindhu
- Department of Bio-Chemistry & Bio-technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kaliyamoorthi Kanimozhi
- Department of Bio-Chemistry & Bio-technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tani Carmel Raj
- Department of Bio-Chemistry & Bio-technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Samara P, Athanasopoulos M, Mastronikolis S, Kyrodimos E, Athanasopoulos I, Mastronikolis NS. The Role of Oncogenic Viruses in Head and Neck Cancers: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Advancements in Detection Methods. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1482. [PMID: 39065250 PMCID: PMC11279059 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) constitute a wide range of malignancies originating from the epithelial lining of the upper aerodigestive tract, including the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and salivary glands. Although lymphomas affecting this region are not conventionally classified as HNCs, they may occur in lymph nodes or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues within the head and neck. Oncogenic viruses play a crucial role in HNC onset. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is extensively studied for its association with oropharyngeal cancers; nevertheless, other oncogenic viruses also contribute to HNC development. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and advancements in detection methods of oncogenic viruses associated with HNCs, recognizing HPV's well-established role while exploring additional viral connections. Notably, Epstein-Barr virus is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphomas. Human herpesvirus 8 is implicated in Kaposi's sarcoma, and Merkel cell polyomavirus is associated with subsets of HNCs. Additionally, hepatitis viruses are examined for their potential association with HNCs. Understanding the viral contributions in the head and neck area is critical for refining therapeutic approaches. This review underlines the interaction between viruses and malignancies in this region, highlighting the necessity for ongoing research to elucidate additional mechanisms and enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Samara
- Children’s Oncology, Unit Marianna V. Vardinoyannis-ELPIDA, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Athanasopoulos
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.A.); (N.S.M.)
| | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Gibo M, Kojima S, Fujisawa A, Kikuchi T, Fukushima M. Increased Age-Adjusted Cancer Mortality After the Third mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccine Dose During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan. Cureus 2024; 16:e57860. [PMID: 38721172 PMCID: PMC11077472 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, excess deaths including cancer have become a concern in Japan, which has a rapidly aging population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate how age-adjusted mortality rates (AMRs) for different types of cancer in Japan changed during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2022). Official statistics from Japan were used to compare observed annual and monthly AMRs with predicted rates based on pre-pandemic (2010-2019) figures using logistic regression analysis. No significant excess mortality was observed during the first year of the pandemic (2020). However, some excess cancer mortalities were observed in 2021 after mass vaccination with the first and second vaccine doses, and significant excess mortalities were observed for all cancers and some specific types of cancer (including ovarian cancer, leukemia, prostate cancer, lip/oral/pharyngeal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer) after mass vaccination with the third dose in 2022. AMRs for the four cancers with the most deaths (lung, colorectal, stomach, and liver) showed a decreasing trend until the first year of the pandemic in 2020, but the rate of decrease slowed in 2021 and 2022. This study discusses possible explanations for these increases in age-adjusted cancer mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Gibo
- Primary Health Care, Matsubara Clinic, Kochi, JPN
| | - Seiji Kojima
- Pediatrics, Nagoya Pediatric Cancer Fund, Nagoya, JPN
| | - Akinori Fujisawa
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Honbetsu Cardiovascular Medicine Clinic, Honbetsu, JPN
| | - Takayuki Kikuchi
- Translational Research & Health Data Science, Learning Health Society Institute, Nagoya, JPN
| | - Masanori Fukushima
- Translational Research & Health Data Science, Learning Health Society Institute, Nagoya, JPN
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Molnár A, Pálfi E, Belák B, Blasszauer C, Reibl D, Lövey J. Positive correlation between persistence of medical nutrition therapy and overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611664. [PMID: 38559567 PMCID: PMC10979420 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background: Several factors can affect overall survival of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, including characteristics of the cancer disease and response to treatments. However, patients' nutritional status and the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) can also impact overall survival. The primary goal of our research was to collect real-life data on the use of MNT in HNC patients and to specifically investigate the correlation between survival and the duration of uninterrupted (persistent) nutrition. Method: The data of this retrospective, analytical, cohort study was collected from electronic healthcare records from the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Management. Overall, 38,675 HNC patients' data of the period between 2012 and 2021 was used. We applied multi-step exclusions to identify patient groups accurately and to avoid biasing factors. Statistical analysis was done by the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. Results: Throughout the investigated period 16,871 (64%) patients received MNT therapy out of 26,253 newly diagnosed patients (≥18 years). In terms of the persistence of MNT, we divided the patients into three groups (1-3; 4-6; ≥7-month duration of MNT). When comparing these groups, we found that patients receiving long-term (≥7 months) MNT had a significantly longer overall survival (p < 0.0001) than those who received MNT for a shorter duration, both in locally advanced and recurrent/metastatic cases. Conclusion: The main outcome of the study is that there is a positive correlation between the persistence of MNT and the overall survival in HNC patients when nutritional intervention lasts several months. It highlights the responsibility of the specialists during the patient journey to use MNT early and to continue its use for as long as it is beneficial to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Molnár
- Health Sciences Division, Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Scientific Committee, National Association of Hungarian Dietitians, Budapest, Hungary
- Danone Hungary Kft., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Pálfi
- Health Sciences Division, Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Scientific Committee, National Association of Hungarian Dietitians, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Belák
- Health Sciences Division, Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Bacs-Kiskun County Hospital, Kecskemet, Hungary
| | | | | | - József Lövey
- National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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6
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Bianconi F, Salis R, Fravolini ML, Khan MU, Minestrini M, Filippi L, Marongiu A, Nuvoli S, Spanu A, Palumbo B. Performance Analysis of Six Semi-Automated Tumour Delineation Methods on [ 18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7952. [PMID: 37766009 PMCID: PMC10537871 DOI: 10.3390/s23187952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background. Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common neoplastic disorder at the global level. Contouring HNC lesions on [18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) scans plays a fundamental role for diagnosis, risk assessment, radiotherapy planning and post-treatment evaluation. However, manual contouring is a lengthy and tedious procedure which requires significant effort from the clinician. Methods. We evaluated the performance of six hand-crafted, training-free methods (four threshold-based, two algorithm-based) for the semi-automated delineation of HNC lesions on FDG PET/CT. This study was carried out on a single-centre population of n=103 subjects, and the standard of reference was manual segmentation generated by nuclear medicine specialists. Figures of merit were the Sørensen-Dice coefficient (DSC) and relative volume difference (RVD). Results. Median DSC ranged between 0.595 and 0.792, median RVD between -22.0% and 87.4%. Click and draw and Nestle's methods achieved the best segmentation accuracy (median DSC, respectively, 0.792 ± 0.178 and 0.762 ± 0.107; median RVD, respectively, -21.6% ± 1270.8% and -32.7% ± 40.0%) and outperformed the other methods by a significant margin. Nestle's method also resulted in a lower dispersion of the data, hence showing stronger inter-patient stability. The accuracy of the two best methods was in agreement with the most recent state-of-the art results. Conclusions. Semi-automated PET delineation methods show potential to assist clinicians in the segmentation of HNC lesions on FDG PET/CT images, although manual refinement may sometimes be needed to obtain clinically acceptable ROIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bianconi
- Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Goffredo Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy; (M.L.F.); (M.U.K.)
| | - Roberto Salis
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Mario Luca Fravolini
- Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Goffredo Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy; (M.L.F.); (M.U.K.)
| | - Muhammad Usama Khan
- Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Goffredo Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy; (M.L.F.); (M.U.K.)
| | - Matteo Minestrini
- Section of Nuclear Medicine and Health Physics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (B.P.)
| | - Luca Filippi
- Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Marongiu
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Susanna Nuvoli
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Angela Spanu
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Barbara Palumbo
- Section of Nuclear Medicine and Health Physics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (B.P.)
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7
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Lasagna A, Cassaniti I, Sacchi P, Figini S, Baldanti F, Bruno R, Pedrazzoli P. The 'hit-and-run' strategy and viral carcinogenesis. Future Oncol 2023; 19:341-344. [PMID: 36919920 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angioletta Lasagna
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Irene Cassaniti
- Department of Microbiology & Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Paolo Sacchi
- Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Simone Figini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Department of Microbiology & Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Raffaele Bruno
- Division of Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Deptartment of Internal Medicine & Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, Pavia, 27100, Italy
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Domingues C, Cabral C, Jarak I, Veiga F, Dourado M, Figueiras A. The Debate between the Human Microbiota and Immune System in Treating Aerodigestive and Digestive Tract Cancers: A Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030492. [PMID: 36992076 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota comprises a group of microorganisms co-existing in the human body. Unbalanced microbiota homeostasis may impact metabolic and immune system regulation, shrinking the edge between health and disease. Recently, the microbiota has been considered a prominent extrinsic/intrinsic element of cancer development and a promising milestone in the modulation of conventional cancer treatments. Particularly, the oral cavity represents a yin-and-yang target site for microorganisms that can promote human health or contribute to oral cancer development, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum. Moreover, Helicobacter pylori has also been implicated in esophageal and stomach cancers, and decreased butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae spp. and Ruminococcaceae, have demonstrated a protective role in the development of colorectal cancer. Interestingly, prebiotics, e.g., polyphenols, probiotics (Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Burkholderia), postbiotics (inosine, butyrate, and propionate), and innovative nanomedicines can modulate antitumor immunity, circumventing resistance to conventional treatments and could complement existing therapies. Therefore, this manuscript delivers a holistic perspective on the interaction between human microbiota and cancer development and treatment, particularly in aerodigestive and digestive cancers, focusing on applying prebiotics, probiotics, and nanomedicines to overcome some challenges in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Domingues
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Cabral
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra (CEISUC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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