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Chen L, Feng Y, Pan S, Wang L, Zhang H, Jin X, Wang Q, Liu Y, Yang M, Huang X, Tian S, Gu C, Huang J, Ren Z. Maternal genetic architecture of Guizhou's Hmong-Mien populations via whole mitogenome. Genomics 2025; 117:111041. [PMID: 40139472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2025.111041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 03/23/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
The Hmong-Mien (HM) language family, majorly distributed across southern China and Southeast Asia, has remained underexplored in population genetics, particularly concerning whole mitogenome studies. In this study, we sequenced the whole mitogenomes of 261 individuals from Guizhou Hmong-Mien-speaking populations (HM-G), comprising Miao, Yao, and She individuals. The haplogroup distribution was dominated by southern East Asian haplogroups (B, M7, and F). The neutrality test revealed significantly negative values, and mismatch distribution analyses showed a pronounced unimodal distribution, indicating high genetic diversity and recent population expansion in populations. For a comprehensive understanding of the matrilineal genetic background of the HM-speaking population, we merged whole mitogenome data from 83 populations worldwide. Our findings showed that the HM-G exhibited relatively close genetic distances to HM- and Tai-Kadai-speaking populations from East and Southeast Asia. These results provide crucial insights into the genetic structure and evolutionary history of HM-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuhang Feng
- Institute of Rare Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; Center for Archaeological Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Shuaiji Pan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shunyi Tian
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Changyun Gu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Zheng Ren
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China.
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