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Akinsulie OC, Idris I, Aliyu VA, Shahzad S, Banwo OG, Ogunleye SC, Olorunshola M, Okedoyin DO, Ugwu C, Oladapo IP, Gbadegoye JO, Akande QA, Babawale P, Rostami S, Soetan KO. The potential application of artificial intelligence in veterinary clinical practice and biomedical research. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1347550. [PMID: 38356661 PMCID: PMC10864457 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1347550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a fast-paced technological advancement in terms of its application to various fields of science and technology. In particular, AI has the potential to play various roles in veterinary clinical practice, enhancing the way veterinary care is delivered, improving outcomes for animals and ultimately humans. Also, in recent years, the emergence of AI has led to a new direction in biomedical research, especially in translational research with great potential, promising to revolutionize science. AI is applicable in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) research, cancer research, drug design and vaccine development, epidemiology, disease surveillance, and genomics. Here, we highlighted and discussed the potential impact of various aspects of AI in veterinary clinical practice and biomedical research, proposing this technology as a key tool for addressing pressing global health challenges across various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan Chris Akinsulie
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Ibrahim Idris
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usman Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | - Sammuel Shahzad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | | | - Seto Charles Ogunleye
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Population Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States
| | - Mercy Olorunshola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Deborah O. Okedoyin
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Charles Ugwu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | | | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Qudus Afolabi Akande
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Pius Babawale
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Sahar Rostami
- Department of Population Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States
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Wang Q, Lu X, Jia R, Yan X, Wang J, Zhao L, Zhong R, Sun G. Recent advances in chemometric modelling of inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24209. [PMID: 38293468 PMCID: PMC10826659 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused great harm to all countries worldwide. This disease can be prevented by vaccination and managed using various treatment methods, including injections, oral medications, or aerosol therapies. However, the selection of suitable compounds for the research and development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs is a daunting task because of the vast databases of available compounds. The traditional process of drug research and development is time-consuming, labour-intensive, and costly. The application of chemometrics can significantly expedite drug R&D. This is particularly necessary and important for drug development against pandemic public emergency diseases, such as COVID-19. Through various chemometric techniques, such as quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, compounds with inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 can be quickly screened, allowing researchers to focus on the few prioritised candidates. In addition, the ADMET properties of the screened candidate compounds should be further explored to promote the successful discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. In this case, considerable time and economic costs can be saved while minimising the need for extensive animal experiments, in line with the 3R principles. This paper focuses on recent advances in chemometric modelling studies of COVID-19-related inhibitors, highlights current limitations, and outlines potential future directions for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xinyi Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Runqing Jia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xinlong Yan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Lijiao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Rugang Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Guohui Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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Kostal J. Making the Case for Quantum Mechanics in Predictive Toxicology─Nearly 100 Years Too Late? Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:1444-1450. [PMID: 37676849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of quantum mechanics (QM) has long been the norm to study covalent-binding phenomena in chemistry and biochemistry. The pharmaceutical industry leverages QM models explicitly in covalent drug discovery and implicitly to characterize short-range interactions in noncovalent binding. Predictive toxicology has resisted widespread adoption of QM, including in the pharmaceutical industry, despite its obvious relevance to the metabolic processes in the upstream of adverse outcome pathways and advances in both QM methods and computational resources, which support fit-for-purpose applications in reasonable timeframes. Here, we make the case for embracing QM as an indispensable part of a toxicologist's toolkit. We argue that QM provides the necessary orthogonality to alert-based expert systems and traditional QSARs, consistent with calls for animal-free integrated testing strategies for safety assessments of commercial chemicals. We outline existing roadblocks to this transition, including the need to train model developers in QM and the shift toward service-based toxicity models that utilize high-performance computing clusters. Lastly, we describe recent examples of successful implementations of QM in hazard assessments and propose how in silico toxicology can be further advanced by integrating QM with artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kostal
- Designing Out Toxicity (DOT) Consulting LLC, 2121 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, United States
- The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, United States
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Vora LK, Gholap AD, Jetha K, Thakur RRS, Solanki HK, Chavda VP. Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Technology and Drug Delivery Design. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1916. [PMID: 37514102 PMCID: PMC10385763 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool that harnesses anthropomorphic knowledge and provides expedited solutions to complex challenges. Remarkable advancements in AI technology and machine learning present a transformative opportunity in the drug discovery, formulation, and testing of pharmaceutical dosage forms. By utilizing AI algorithms that analyze extensive biological data, including genomics and proteomics, researchers can identify disease-associated targets and predict their interactions with potential drug candidates. This enables a more efficient and targeted approach to drug discovery, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful drug approvals. Furthermore, AI can contribute to reducing development costs by optimizing research and development processes. Machine learning algorithms assist in experimental design and can predict the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of drug candidates. This capability enables the prioritization and optimization of lead compounds, reducing the need for extensive and costly animal testing. Personalized medicine approaches can be facilitated through AI algorithms that analyze real-world patient data, leading to more effective treatment outcomes and improved patient adherence. This comprehensive review explores the wide-ranging applications of AI in drug discovery, drug delivery dosage form designs, process optimization, testing, and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) studies. This review provides an overview of various AI-based approaches utilized in pharmaceutical technology, highlighting their benefits and drawbacks. Nevertheless, the continued investment in and exploration of AI in the pharmaceutical industry offer exciting prospects for enhancing drug development processes and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Amol D Gholap
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar 401404, Maharashtra, India
| | - Keshava Jetha
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
- Ph.D. Section, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad 382424, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Hetvi K Solanki
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
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Al Kuwaiti A, Nazer K, Al-Reedy A, Al-Shehri S, Al-Muhanna A, Subbarayalu AV, Al Muhanna D, Al-Muhanna FA. A Review of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. J Pers Med 2023; 13:951. [PMID: 37373940 PMCID: PMC10301994 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have transformed healthcare. This study is based on a general literature review uncovering the role of AI in healthcare and focuses on the following key aspects: (i) medical imaging and diagnostics, (ii) virtual patient care, (iii) medical research and drug discovery, (iv) patient engagement and compliance, (v) rehabilitation, and (vi) other administrative applications. The impact of AI is observed in detecting clinical conditions in medical imaging and diagnostic services, controlling the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with early diagnosis, providing virtual patient care using AI-powered tools, managing electronic health records, augmenting patient engagement and compliance with the treatment plan, reducing the administrative workload of healthcare professionals (HCPs), discovering new drugs and vaccines, spotting medical prescription errors, extensive data storage and analysis, and technology-assisted rehabilitation. Nevertheless, this science pitch meets several technical, ethical, and social challenges, including privacy, safety, the right to decide and try, costs, information and consent, access, and efficacy, while integrating AI into healthcare. The governance of AI applications is crucial for patient safety and accountability and for raising HCPs' belief in enhancing acceptance and boosting significant health consequences. Effective governance is a prerequisite to precisely address regulatory, ethical, and trust issues while advancing the acceptance and implementation of AI. Since COVID-19 hit the global health system, the concept of AI has created a revolution in healthcare, and such an uprising could be another step forward to meet future healthcare needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Kuwaiti
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Nazer
- Department of Information and Technology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Health Information Department, King Fahad hospital of the University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Reedy
- Department of Information and Technology, Family and Community Medicine Department, Family and Community Medicine Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaher Al-Shehri
- Faculty of Medicine, Family and Community Medicine Department, Family and Community Medicine Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Al-Muhanna
- Breast Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Radiology Department, King Fahad hospital of the University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Vijay Subbarayalu
- Quality Studies and Research Unit, Vice Deanship of Quality, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhoha Al Muhanna
- NDirectorate of Quality and Patient Safety, Family and Community Medicine Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Al-Muhanna
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Medicine Department, King Fahad hospital of the University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
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Jiang Y, Wang J. Technological Innovations and Data-Driven Support for Older Adults. JMIR Aging 2023; 6:e48547. [PMID: 37163345 DOI: 10.2196/48547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Entering a new digital era where novel devices and emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, are playing an incredible role with significant impact on health and health care delivery, JMIR Aging commits to supporting the community of patients and families, clinicians, and scientists to improve the efficiency, equity, and effectiveness of older adult care through the dissemination of cutting-edge evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jiang
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jinjiao Wang
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochesteer, MI, United States
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Solid Organ Rejection following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination or COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081289. [PMID: 36016180 PMCID: PMC9412452 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Solid organ rejection post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection is extremely rare but can occur. T-cell recognition of antigen is the primary and central event that leads to the cascade of events that result in rejection of a transplanted organ. Objectives: To describe the results of a systematic review for solid organ rejections following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Proquest, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus and Nature through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for studies on the incidence of solid organ rejection post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection, published from 1 December 2019 to 31 May 2022, with English language restriction. Results: One hundred thirty-six cases from fifty-two articles were included in the qualitative synthesis of this systematic review (56 solid organs rejected post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and 40 solid organs rejected following COVID-19 infection). Cornea rejection (44 cases) was the most frequent organ observed post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and following COVID-19 infection, followed by kidney rejection (36 cases), liver rejection (12 cases), lung rejection (2 cases), heart rejection (1 case) and pancreas rejection (1 case). The median or mean patient age ranged from 23 to 94 years across the studies. The majority of the patients were male (n = 51, 53.1%) and were of White (Caucasian) (n = 51, 53.7%) and Hispanic (n = 15, 15.8%) ethnicity. A total of fifty-six solid organ rejections were reported post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination [Pfizer-BioNTech (n = 31), Moderna (n = 14), Oxford Uni-AstraZeneca (n = 10) and Sinovac-CoronaVac (n = 1)]. The median time from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to organ rejection was 13.5 h (IQR, 3.2–17.2), while the median time from COVID-19 infection to organ rejection was 14 h (IQR, 5–21). Most patients were easily treated without any serious complications, recovered and did not require long-term allograft rejection therapy [graft success (n = 70, 85.4%), graft failure (n = 12, 14.6%), survived (n = 90, 95.7%) and died (n = 4, 4.3%)]. Conclusion: The reported evidence of solid organ rejections post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COIVD-19 infection should not discourage vaccination against this worldwide pandemic. The number of reported cases is relatively small in relation to the hundreds of millions of vaccinations that have occurred, and the protective benefits offered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination far outweigh the risks.
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