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Chen X, An Y, Tan M, Xie D, Liu L, Xu B. Biological functions and research progress of eIF4E. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1076855. [PMID: 37601696 PMCID: PMC10435865 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1076855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E can specifically bind to the cap structure of an mRNA 5' end, mainly regulating translation initiation and preferentially enhancing the translation of carcinogenesis related mRNAs. The expression of eIF4E is closely related to a variety of malignant tumors. In tumor cells, eIF4E activity is abnormally increased, which stimulates cell growth, metastasis and translation of related proteins. The main factors affecting eIF4E activity include intranuclear regulation, phosphorylation of 4EBPs, and phosphorylation and sumoylation of eIF4E. In this review, we summarize the biological functions and the research progress of eIF4E, the main influencing factors of eIF4E activity, and the recent progress of drugs targeting eIF4E, in the hope of providing new insights for the treatment of multiple malignancies and development of targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
| | - Mengsi Tan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
| | - Dongrui Xie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Lvliang for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics, Fenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Benjin Xu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Lvliang for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics, Fenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
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Lee LJ, Papadopoli D, Jewer M, Del Rincon S, Topisirovic I, Lawrence MG, Postovit LM. Cancer Plasticity: The Role of mRNA Translation. Trends Cancer 2020; 7:134-145. [PMID: 33067172 PMCID: PMC8023421 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression is associated with dedifferentiated histopathologies concomitant with cancer cell survival within a changing, and often hostile, tumor microenvironment. These processes are enabled by cellular plasticity, whereby intracellular cues and extracellular signals are integrated to enable rapid shifts in cancer cell phenotypes. Cancer cell plasticity, at least in part, fuels tumor heterogeneity and facilitates metastasis and drug resistance. Protein synthesis is frequently dysregulated in cancer, and emerging data suggest that translational reprograming collaborates with epigenetic and metabolic programs to effectuate phenotypic plasticity of neoplasia. Herein, we discuss the potential role of mRNA translation in cancer cell plasticity, highlight emerging histopathological correlates, and deliberate on how this is related to efforts to improve understanding of the complex tumor ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David Papadopoli
- Lady Davis Institute, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology and Departments of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Jewer
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sonia Del Rincon
- Lady Davis Institute, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology and Departments of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Lady Davis Institute, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology and Departments of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Mitchell G Lawrence
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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Mishra RK, Datey A, Hussain T. mRNA Recruiting eIF4 Factors Involved in Protein Synthesis and Its Regulation. Biochemistry 2019; 59:34-46. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ayushi Datey
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Tanweer Hussain
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Robichaud N, Sonenberg N, Ruggero D, Schneider RJ. Translational Control in Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a032896. [PMID: 29959193 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into proteins is a key event in the regulation of gene expression. This is especially true in the cancer setting, as many oncogenes and transforming events are regulated at this level. Cancer-promoting factors that are translationally regulated include cyclins, antiapoptotic factors, proangiogenic factors, regulators of cell metabolism, prometastatic factors, immune modulators, and proteins involved in DNA repair. This review discusses the diverse means by which cancer cells deregulate and reprogram translation, and the resulting oncogenic impacts, providing insights into the complexity of translational control in cancer and its targeting for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Robichaud
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Departments of Urology and of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Robert J Schneider
- NYU School of Medicine, Alexandria Center for Life Science, New York, New York 10016
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Shirokikh NE, Preiss T. Translation initiation by cap-dependent ribosome recruitment: Recent insights and open questions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2018; 9:e1473. [PMID: 29624880 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression universally relies on protein synthesis, where ribosomes recognize and decode the messenger RNA template by cycling through translation initiation, elongation, and termination phases. All aspects of translation have been studied for decades using the tools of biochemistry and molecular biology available at the time. Here, we focus on the mechanism of translation initiation in eukaryotes, which is remarkably more complex than prokaryotic initiation and is the target of multiple types of regulatory intervention. The "consensus" model, featuring cap-dependent ribosome entry and scanning of mRNA leader sequences, represents the predominantly utilized initiation pathway across eukaryotes, although several variations of the model and alternative initiation mechanisms are also known. Recent advances in structural biology techniques have enabled remarkable molecular-level insights into the functional states of eukaryotic ribosomes, including a range of ribosomal complexes with different combinations of translation initiation factors that are thought to represent bona fide intermediates of the initiation process. Similarly, high-throughput sequencing-based ribosome profiling or "footprinting" approaches have allowed much progress in understanding the elongation phase of translation, and variants of them are beginning to reveal the remaining mysteries of initiation, as well as aspects of translation termination and ribosomal recycling. A current view on the eukaryotic initiation mechanism is presented here with an emphasis on how recent structural and footprinting results underpin axioms of the consensus model. Along the way, we further outline some contested mechanistic issues and major open questions still to be addressed. This article is categorized under: Translation > Translation Mechanisms Translation > Translation Regulation RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay E Shirokikh
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Thomas Preiss
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia
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Klein M. Stabilized helical peptides: overview of the technologies and its impact on drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:1117-1125. [PMID: 28889766 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1372745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protein-protein interactions are predominant in the workings of all cells. Until now, there have been a few successes in targeting protein-protein interactions with small molecules. Peptides may overcome some of the challenges of small molecules in disrupting protein-protein interactions. However, peptides present a new set of challenges in drug discovery. Thus, the study of the stabilization of helical peptides has been extensive. Areas covered: Several technological approaches to helical peptide stabilization have been studied. In this review, stapled peptides, foldamers, and hydrogen bond surrogates are discussed. Issues regarding design principles are also discussed. Furthermore, this review introduces select computational techniques used to aid peptide design and discusses clinical trials of peptides in a more advanced stage of development. Expert opinion: Stabilized helical peptides hold great promise in a wide array of diseases. However, the field is still relatively new and new design principles are emerging. The possibilities of peptide modification are quite extensive and expanding, so the design of stabilized peptides requires great attention to detail in order to avoid a large number of failed lead peptides. The start of clinical trials with stapled peptides is a promising sign for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Klein
- a Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , MN , USA.,b Hematology/Oncology Section , Minneapolis VA Healthcare System , Minneapolis , MN , USA
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Translational control and the cancer cell response to stress. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2017; 45:102-109. [PMID: 28582681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The evidence for the importance of aberrant translation in cancer cells is overwhelming. Reflecting the wealth of data, there are excellent reviews delineating how ribosomes and initiation factors are linked to cancer [1-3], and the therapeutic strategies being devised to target them [4]. Changes in translational efficiency can engender a malignant phenotype without the need for chromatin reorganization, transcription, splicing and mRNA export [5,6]. Thus, cancer-related modulations of the translational machinery are ideally suited to allow cancer cells to respond to the various stresses encountered along the path of tumorigenesis and organism-wide dissemination [7•,8,9,10•]. Emerging findings supporting this notion are the focus of this review.
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Fagan DH, Fettig LM, Avdulov S, Beckwith H, Peterson MS, Ho YY, Wang F, Polunovsky VA, Yee D. Acquired Tamoxifen Resistance in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Requires Hyperactivation of eIF4F-Mediated Translation. Discov Oncol 2017; 8:219-229. [PMID: 28577281 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-017-0296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While selective estrogen receptor modulators, such as tamoxifen, have contributed to increased survival in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, the development of resistance to these therapies has led to the need to investigate other targetable pathways involved in oncogenic signaling. Approval of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in the therapy of secondary endocrine resistance demonstrates the validity of this approach. Importantly, mTOR activation regulates eukaryotic messenger RNA translation. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), a component of the cap-dependent translation complex eIF4F, confers resistance to drug-induced apoptosis when overexpressed in multiple cell types. The eIF4F complex is downstream of multiple oncogenic pathways, including mTOR, making it an appealing drug target. Here, we show that the eIF4F translation pathway was hyperactive in tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) MCF-7L breast cancer cells. While overexpression of eIF4E was not sufficient to confer resistance to tamoxifen in MCF-7L cells, its function was necessary to maintain resistance in TamR cells. Targeting the eIF4E subunit of the eIF4F complex through its degradation using an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) or via sequestration using a mutant 4E-BP1 inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of TamR cells and partially restored sensitivity to tamoxifen. Further, the use of these agents also resulted in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in TamR cells. Finally, the use of a pharmacologic agent which inhibited the eIF4E-eIF4G interaction also decreased the proliferation and anchorage-dependent colony formation in TamR cells. These results highlight the eIF4F complex as a promising target for patients with acquired resistance to tamoxifen and, potentially, other endocrine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedra H Fagan
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Lynsey M Fettig
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Svetlana Avdulov
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Heather Beckwith
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mark S Peterson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Yen-Yi Ho
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Fan Wang
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vitaly A Polunovsky
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Douglas Yee
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 806, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK.
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9
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Kwegyir-Afful AK, Bruno RD, Purushottamachar P, Murigi FN, Njar VCO. Galeterone and VNPT55 disrupt Mnk-eIF4E to inhibit prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. FEBS J 2016; 283:3898-3918. [PMID: 27618366 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) accounts for a high percentage of prostate cancer mortality. The proprietary compound galeterone (gal) was designed to inhibit proliferation of androgen/androgen receptor (AR)-dependent prostate cancer cell in vitro and in vivo and is currently in phase III clinical development. Additionally, clinical studies with gal revealed its superb efficacy in four different cohorts of patients with mCRPC, including those expressing splice variant AR-V7. Preclinical studies with gal show that it also exhibits strong antiproliferative activities against AR-negative prostate cancer cells and tumors through a mechanism involving phosphorylation of eIF2α, which forms an integral component of the eukaryotic mRNA translation complex. Thus, we hypothesized that gal and its new analog, VNPT55, could modulate oncogenic mRNA translation and prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. We report that gal and VNPT55 profoundly inhibit migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, possibly by down-regulating protein expression of several EMT markers (Snail, Slug, N-cadherin, vimentin, and MMP-2/-9) via antagonizing the Mnk-eIF4E axis. In addition, gal/VNPT55 inhibited both NF-κB and Twist1 transcriptional activities, down-regulating Snail and BMI-1 mRNA expression, respectively. Furthermore, profound up-regulation of E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression may explain the observed significant inhibition of prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Moreover, expression of self-renewal proteins, β-catenin, CD44, and Nanog, was markedly depleted. Analysis of gal/VNPT55-treated CWR22Rv1 xenograft tissue sections also revealed that observations in vitro were recapitulated in vivo. Our results suggest that gal/VNPT55 could become promising agents for the prevention and/or treatment of all stages of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Kwegyir-Afful
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert D Bruno
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francis N Murigi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vincent C O Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
The past several years have seen dramatic leaps in our understanding of how gene expression is rewired at the translation level during tumorigenesis to support the transformed phenotype. This work has been driven by an explosion in technological advances and is revealing previously unimagined regulatory mechanisms that dictate functional expression of the cancer genome. In this Review we discuss emerging trends and exciting new discoveries that reveal how this translational circuitry contributes to specific aspects of tumorigenesis and cancer cell function, with a particular focus on recent insights into the role of translational control in the adaptive response to oncogenic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Truitt
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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Feng ZM, Qiu J, Chen XW, Liao RX, Liao XY, Zhang LP, Chen X, Li Y, Chen ZT, Sun JG. Essential role of miR-200c in regulating self-renewal of breast cancer stem cells and their counterparts of mammary epithelium. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:645. [PMID: 26400441 PMCID: PMC4581477 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1655-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) have been reported as the origin of breast cancer and the radical cause of drug resistance, relapse and metastasis in breast cancer. BCSCs could be derived from mutated mammary epithelial stem cells (MaSCs). Therefore, comparing the molecular differences between BCSCs and MaSCs may clarify the mechanism underlying breast carcinogenesis and the targets for gene therapy. Specifically, the distinct miRNome data of BCSCs and MaSCs need to be analyzed to find out the key miRNAs and reveal their roles in regulating the stemness of BCSCs. Methods MUC1−ESA+ cells were isolated from normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and tested for stemness by clonogenic assay and multi-potential differentiation experiments. The miRNA profiles of MaSCs, BCSCs and breast cancer MCF-7 cells were compared to obtain the candidate miRNAs that may regulate breast tumorigenesis. An miRNA consecutively upregulated from MaSCs to BCSCs to MCF-7 cells, miR-200c, was chosen to determine its role in regulating the stemness of BCSCs and MaSCs in vitro and in vivo. Based on bioinformatics, the targets of miR-200c were validated by dual-luciferase report system, western blot and rescue experiments. Results In a 2-D clonogenic assay, MUC1−ESA+ cells gave rise to multiple morphological colonies, including luminal colonies, myoepithelial colonies and mixed colonies. The clonogenic potential of MUC1−ESA+ (61.5 ± 3.87 %) was significantly higher than that of non-stem MCF-10A cells (53.5 ± 3.42 %) (P < 0.05). In a 3-D matrigel culture, MUC1−ESA+ cells grew into mammospheres with duct-like structures. A total of 12 miRNAs of interest were identified, 8 of which were upregulated and 4 downregulated in BCSCs compared with MaSCs. In gain- and lost-of-function assays, miR-200c was sufficient to inhibit the self-renewal of BCSCs and MaSCs in vitro and the growth of BCSCs in vivo. Furthermore, miR-200c negatively regulated programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10) in BCSCs and MaSCs. PDCD10 could rescue the tumorigenesis inhibited by miR-200c in BCSCs. Discussion Accumulating evidence shows that there is a milignant transformation from MaSCs into BCSCs. The underlying mechanism remains unclear. In present study, miRNA profiles between MaSCs and BCSCs were obtained. Then miRNA-200c, downregulated in both MaSCs and BCSCs, were verified as anti-oncogene, and played essential role in regulating self-renewal of both kinds of stem-like cells. These findings reveal a novel insights of breast tumorigenesis. Conclusions PDCD10 is a target gene of miR-200c and also a possible mechanism by which miR-200c plays a role in regulating the stemness of BCSCs and MaSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1655-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ming Feng
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Qiu
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Xie-Wan Chen
- Department of Medical English, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
| | - Rong-Xia Liao
- Department of Medical English, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Yun Liao
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Lu-Ping Zhang
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Xu Chen
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Li
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Zheng-Tang Chen
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Guo Sun
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
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12
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de la Parra C, Borrero-Garcia LD, Cruz-Collazo A, Schneider RJ, Dharmawardhane S. Equol, an isoflavone metabolite, regulates cancer cell viability and protein synthesis initiation via c-Myc and eIF4G. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6047-57. [PMID: 25593313 PMCID: PMC4358247 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.617415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies implicate dietary soy isoflavones as breast cancer preventives, especially due to their anti-estrogenic properties. However, soy isoflavones may also have a role in promoting breast cancer, which has yet to be clarified. We previously reported that equol, a metabolite of the soy isoflavone daidzein, may advance breast cancer potential via up-regulation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4GI (eIF4GI). In estrogen receptor negative (ER-) metastatic breast cancer cells, equol induced elevated levels of eIF4G, which were associated with increased cell viability and the selective translation of mRNAs that use non-canonical means of initiation, including internal ribosome entry site (IRES), ribosome shunting, and eIF4G enhancers. These mRNAs typically code for oncogenic, survival, and cell stress molecules. Among those mRNAs translationally increased by equol was the oncogene and eIF4G enhancer, c-Myc. Here we report that siRNA-mediated knockdown of c-Myc abrogates the increase in cancer cell viability and mammosphere formation by equol, and results in a significant down-regulation of eIF4GI (the major eIF4G isoform), as well as reduces levels of some, but not all, proteins encoded by mRNAs that are translationally stimulated by equol treatment. Knockdown of eIF4GI also markedly reduces an equol-mediated increase in IRES-dependent mRNA translation and the expression of specific oncogenic proteins. However, eIF4GI knockdown did not reciprocally affect c-Myc levels or cell viability. This study therefore implicates c-Myc as a potential regulator of the cancer-promoting effects of equol via up-regulation of eIF4GI and selective initiation of translation on mRNAs that utilize non-canonical initiation, including certain oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Columba de la Parra
- From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 and Department of Microbiology and Radiation Oncology, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Luis D Borrero-Garcia
- From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 and
| | - Ailed Cruz-Collazo
- From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 and
| | - Robert J Schneider
- Department of Microbiology and Radiation Oncology, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Suranganie Dharmawardhane
- From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 and
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