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Liu Y, Lu L, Yang H, Wu X, Luo X, Shen J, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Cho CH, Li Q, Li X, Li W, Wang F, Sun Y, Gu L, Chen M, Li M. Dysregulation of immunity by cigarette smoking promotes inflammation and cancer: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 339:122730. [PMID: 37838314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a serious global health issue. Cigarette smoking contains over 7000 different chemicals. The main harmful components include nicotine, acrolein, aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which play the key role for cigarette-induced inflammation and carcinogenesis. Growing evidences show that cigarette smoking and its components exert a remarkable impact on regulation of immunity and dysregulated immunity promotes inflammation and cancer. Therefore, this comprehensive and up-to-date review covers four interrelated topics, including cigarette smoking, inflammation, cancer and immune system. The known harmful chemicals from cigarette smoking were summarized. Importantly, we discussed in depth the impact of cigarette smoking on the formation of inflammatory or tumor microenvironment, primarily by affecting immune effector cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the main molecular mechanisms by which cigarette smoking induces inflammation and cancer, including changes in epigenetics, DNA damage and others were further summarized. This article will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of cigarette smoking on inducing inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Lu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianxiu Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanping Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Liu H, Zhang X, Sun Z, Chen Y. Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:141-156. [PMID: 36688945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of cancer has placed an enormous health and economic burden on countries around the world. In addition to evidence of epidemiological studies, conclusive evidence from animal experiments and mechanistic studies have also shown that morbidity and mortality of some cancers can be attributed to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, especially in lung cancer. However, the underlying carcinogenetic mechanisms of PM2.5 remain unclear. Furthermore, in terms of risks of other types of cancer, both epidemiological and mechanistic evidence are more limited and scattered, and the results are also inconsistent. In order to sort out the carcinogenic effect of PM2.5, this paper reviews the association of cancers with PM2.5 based on epidemiological and biological evidence including genetic, epigenetic, and molecular mechanisms. The limitations of existing researches and the prospects for the future are also well clarified in this paper to provide insights for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanrui Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
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Zhang HW, Tsai ZR, Kok VC, Peng HC, Chen YH, Tsai JJP, Hsu CY. Long-term ambient hydrocarbon exposure and incidence of urinary bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20799. [PMID: 36460770 PMCID: PMC9718740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter and volatile organic compounds, including total hydrocarbons (THCs), are major ambient air pollutants. Primary nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) originate from vehicle emissions. The association between air pollution and urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is debatable. We investigated whether long-term exposure to ambient hydrocarbons increases UBC risk among people aged ≥ 20 years in Taiwan. Linkage dataset research with longitudinal design was conducted among 589,135 initially cancer-free individuals during 2000-2013; 12 airborne pollutants were identified. Several Cox models considering potential confounders were employed. The study outcomes were invasive or in situ UBC incidence over time. The targeted pollutant concentration was divided into three tertiles: T1/T2/T3. The mean age of individuals at risk was 42.5 (SD 15.7), and 50.5% of the individuals were men. The mean daily average over 10 years of airborne THC concentration was 2.25 ppm (SD 0.13), and NMHC was 0.29 ppm (SD 0.09). Both pollutants show long-term monotonic downward trend over time using the Mann-Kendall test. There was a dose-dependent increase in UBC at follow-up. UBC incidence per 100,000 enrollees according to T1/T2/T3 exposure to THC was 60.9, 221.2, and 651.8, respectively; it was 170.0/349.5/426.7 per 100,000 enrollees, corresponding to T1/T2/T3 exposure to NMHC, respectively. Without controlling for confounding air pollutants, the adjusted hazard ratio (adj.HR) was 1.83 (95% CI 1.75-1.91) per 0.13-ppm increase in THC; after controlling for PM2.5, adj.HR was even higher at 2.09 (95% CI 1.99-2.19). The adj.HR was 1.37 (95% CI 1.32-1.43) per 0.09-ppm increase in ambient NMHC concentration. After controlling for SO2 and CH4, the adj.HR was 1.10 (95% CI 1.06-1.15). Sensitivity analyses showed that UBC development risk was not sex-specific or influenced by diabetes status. Long-term exposure to THC and NMHC may be a risk factor for UBC development. Acknowledging pollutant sources can inform risk management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wei Zhang
- Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Electrical Control Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Biomedica Corporation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Ren Tsai
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Victor C Kok
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kuang Tien General Hospital Cancer Center, 117 Shatien Rd Shalu Dist., Taichung, 43303, Taiwan.
| | | | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey J P Tsai
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung Y Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Porru S, Pavanello S, Carta A, Arici C, Simeone C, Izzotti A, Mastrangelo G. Complex relationships between occupation, environment, DNA adducts, genetic polymorphisms and bladder cancer in a case-control study using a structural equation modeling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94566. [PMID: 24722645 PMCID: PMC3983188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA adducts are considered an integrate measure of carcinogen exposure and the initial step of carcinogenesis. Their levels in more accessible peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) mirror that in the bladder tissue. In this study we explore whether the formation of PBL DNA adducts may be associated with bladder cancer (BC) risk, and how this relationship is modulated by genetic polymorphisms, environmental and occupational risk factors for BC. These complex interrelationships, including direct and indirect effects of each variable, were appraised using the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. Within the framework of a hospital-based case/control study, study population included 199 BC cases and 213 non-cancer controls, all Caucasian males. Data were collected on lifetime smoking, coffee drinking, dietary habits and lifetime occupation, with particular reference to exposure to aromatic amines (AAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). No indirect paths were found, disproving hypothesis on association between PBL DNA adducts and BC risk. DNA adducts were instead positively associated with occupational cumulative exposure to AAs (p = 0.028), whereas XRCC1 Arg 399 (p<0.006) was related with a decreased adduct levels, but with no impact on BC risk. Previous findings on increased BC risk by packyears (p<0.001), coffee (p<0.001), cumulative AAs exposure (p = 0.041) and MnSOD (p = 0.009) and a decreased risk by MPO (p<0.008) were also confirmed by SEM analysis. Our results for the first time make evident an association between occupational cumulative exposure to AAs with DNA adducts and BC risk, strengthening the central role of AAs in bladder carcinogenesis. However the lack of an association between PBL DNA adducts and BC risk advises that these snapshot measurements are not representative of relevant exposures. This would envisage new scenarios for biomarker discovery and new challenges such as repeated measurements at different critical life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Porru
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Carta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Arici
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudio Simeone
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Surgical Specialties, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy/Mutagenesis Unit, IRCCS Hospital-University San Martino Company – IST National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mastrangelo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Yuan Y, Jin L, Wang L, Li Z, Zhang L, Zhu H, Finnell RH, Zhou G, Ren A. Levels of PAH-DNA adducts in placental tissue and the risk of fetal neural tube defects in a Chinese population. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 37:70-5. [PMID: 23416326 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined the relationship between PAH-DNA adduct levels in the placental tissue, measured by a highly sensitive (32)P-postlabeling assay, and the risk of fetal neural tube defects (NTDs). We further explored the interaction between PAH-DNA adducts and placental PAHs with respect to NTD risk. Placental tissues from 80 NTD-affected pregnancies and 50 uncomplicated normal pregnancies were included in this case-control study. Levels of PAH-DNA adducts were lower in the NTD group (8.12 per 10(8) nucleotides) compared to controls (9.92 per 10(8) nucleotides). PAH-DNA adduct concentrations below the median was associated with a 3-fold increased NTD risk. Women with a low PAH-DNA adduct level in concert with a high placental PAH level resulted in a 10-fold elevated risk of having an NTD-complicated pregnancy. A low level of placental PAH-DNA adducts was associated with an increased risk of NTDs; this risk increased dramatically when a low adduct level was coupled with a high placental PAH concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Lee C, Kim KH, You D, Jeong IG, Hong B, Hong JH, Ahn H, Kim CS. Smoking and Survival After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer. Urology 2012; 80:1307-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Saieva C, Peluso M, Masala G, Munnia A, Ceroti M, Piro S, Sera F, Bendinelli B, Pala V, Sieri S, Tumino R, Giurdanella MC, Panico S, Mattiello A, Vineis P, Polidoro S, Matullo G, Palli D. Bulky DNA adducts and breast cancer risk in the prospective EPIC-Italy study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 129:477-84. [PMID: 21452020 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1472-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The role of environmental carcinogen exposure in breast cancer development has long been suspected, but no specific association has been identified so far. A few molecular epidemiology studies reported that DNA adducts detected by different methods are associated with a modest increase of breast cancer risk. We aimed to evaluate the association between bulky DNA adducts, detected by the (32)P-postlabelling method in peripheral leukocytes, and the risk of developing breast cancer in the female Italian cohorts of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition) study. By using a nested case-control design, breast cancer cases identified in the follow-up of over 30,000 women of EPIC-Italy study have been matched to controls by specific criteria. We measured the levels of bulky DNA adducts by the (32)P-postlabelling method in peripheral leukocytes donated at enrolment. Conditional regression analyses adjusted for selected potential confounders were used. Results on DNA adduct levels were available for 292 cases and 292 matched controls. The mean DNA adduct levels were similar in both groups (P=0.62). Multivariate regression analyses failed to show any significant association between bulky DNA adducts and breast cancer. Our results do not support any association of breast cancer risk with exposure to environmental carcinogens as measured through the levels of bulky DNA adducts in pre-diagnostic white blood cells. Larger studies by using different methods and/or biomarkers are needed to better evaluate the role of specific environmental carcinogens in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Saieva
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO (Cancer Research and Prevention Institute), Ponte Nuovo, Via delle Oblate 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
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Ricceri F, Godschalk RW, Peluso M, Phillips DH, Agudo A, Georgiadis P, Loft S, Tjonneland A, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Palli D, Perera F, Vermeulen R, Taioli E, Sram RJ, Munnia A, Rosa F, Allione A, Matullo G, Vineis P. Bulky DNA adducts in white blood cells: a pooled analysis of 3,600 subjects. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:3174-81. [PMID: 20921335 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bulky DNA adducts are markers of exposure to genotoxic aromatic compounds, which reflect the ability of an individual to metabolically activate carcinogens and to repair DNA damage. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent a major class of carcinogens that are capable of forming such adducts. Factors that have been reported to be related to DNA adduct levels include smoking, diet, body mass index (BMI), genetic polymorphisms, the season of collection of biologic material, and air pollutants. METHODS We pooled 11 studies (3,600 subjects) in which bulky DNA adducts were measured in human white blood cells with similar (32)P-postlabeling techniques and for which a similar set of variables was available, including individual data on age, gender, ethnicity, batch, smoking habits, BMI, and season of blood collection, and a limited set of gene variants. RESULTS Lowest DNA adduct levels (P = 0.006) were observed in the spring (median = 0.50 adducts per 10(8) nucleotides), followed by summer (0.64), autumn (0.70), and winter (0.85). The same pattern emerged in multivariate analysis but only among never smokers (P = 0.02). Adduct levels were significantly lower (P = 0.001) in northern Europe (the Netherlands and Denmark; mean = 0.60, median = 0.40) than in southern Europe (Italy, Spain, France, and Greece; mean = 0.79, median = 0.60). CONCLUSIONS In this large pooled analysis, we have found only weak associations between bulky DNA adducts and exposure variables. Seasonality (with higher adducts levels in winter) and air pollution may partly explain some of the interarea differences (north vs. south Europe), but most inter-area and interindividual variations in adduct levels still remain unexplained. IMPACT Our study describes the largest pooled analysis of bulky DNA adducts so far, showing that interindividual variation is still largely unexplained, though seasonality seems to play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Ricceri
- Human Genetics Foundation (previously at ISI Foundation), Turin, Italy
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Ragin C, Minor A, Agudo A, Farmer P, Garte S, Gonzales C, Kalina I, Matullo G, Popov T, Palli D, Peluso M, Ricceri F, Sram R, Vineis P, Taioli E. Pooled analysis of studies on DNA adducts and dietary vitamins. Mutat Res 2010; 705:77-82. [PMID: 20399891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is some evidence that dietary components that are rich in antioxidant and vitamins are inversely associated with DNA adduct levels induced by environmental carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, although the epidemiologic data are inconsistent. This study addresses the association between vitamins, DNA adducts and smoking. METHODS A combined analysis of individual data on the association between bulky DNA adducts and dietary vitamins was conducted. A Medline search was performed to identify studies on healthy subjects in which smoking and vitamins intake information were available, and bulky DNA adducts were measured in peripheral blood with 32P-postlabelling. Eight published studies met the eligibility criteria, and individual data from 7 data sets including 2758 subjects were obtained. GSTM1 and GSTT1 were also available on all the subjects. RESULTS Vitamin E was inversely significantly associated with DNA adducts after adjustment for possible confounding factors. Vitamins A and C were not independent predictors of DNA adducts. A stratified analysis showed that vitamin A had a significant inverse association with DNA adducts in ever smokers only. CONCLUSIONS This result is relevant to planning any future chemo-preventive interventions directed to high risk subgroups of the population, for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aerie Minor
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Farmer
- Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, Biocentre, University of Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Ivan Kalina
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty University P.J. Šafárik, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Todor Popov
- National Center of Public Health Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Radim Sram
- Laboratory of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of Academy AS CR and Health Institute of Central Bohemia, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Imperial College London, London, UK; University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Wang MY, Peng L, Lutfiyya MN, Henley E, Weidenbacher-Hoper V, Anderson G. Morinda citrifolia (noni) reduces cancer risk in current smokers by decreasing aromatic DNA adducts. Nutr Cancer 2010; 61:634-9. [PMID: 19838937 DOI: 10.1080/01635580902825605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative determination of aromatic DNA adducts in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of current smokers is an useful surrogate biomarker for the evaluation of environmental carcinogen exposure or chemopreventive intervention. In this study, we examined the impact of Tahitian Noni Juice (TNJ) on the aromatic DNA adducts of PBLs, before and after a 1-mo intervention, using (32)P postlabeling assay. Of 283 enrolled, 203 smokers completed the trial. Aromatic DNA adducts levels in all participants were significantly reduced by 44.9% (P < 0.001) after drinking 1 to 4 oz of TNJ for 1 mo. Dose-dependent analyses of aromatic DNA adduct levels showed reductions of 49.7% (P < 0.001) in the 1-oz TNJ group and 37.6% (P < 0.001) in the 4-oz TNJ group. Gender-specific analyses resulted in no significant differences in the 4-oz TNJ groups. Interestingly, the 1-oz TNJ group showed a reduction of 43.1% (P < 0.001) in females compared with 56.1% (P < 0.001) in males. The results suggest that drinking 1 to 4 oz of TNJ daily may reduce the cancer risk in heavy cigarette smokers by blocking carcinogen-DNA binding or excising DNA adducts from genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian-Ying Wang
- College of Medicine at Rockford, University of Illinois Chicago, Rockford, Illinois 61107, USA.
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Cheney MA, Liu J, Amei A, Zhao X, Joo SW, Qian S. A comparative study on the uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Anodonta californiensis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2009; 157:601-608. [PMID: 18945528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2008] [Revised: 08/14/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by the freshwater bivalve mollusc Anodonta californiensis was examined in the presence and absence of surfactant in order to gain further insight into mixture toxicity and to predict whether certain mixtures have negative and/or positive effects on aquatic organisms. In the presence of surfactant, the uptake of anthracene or chrysene was higher than that of naphthalene, given the same concentration in the solution. In the absence of surfactant, the trend was similar, but the uptakes were increased by approximately 100% compared to those in the presence of surfactant. On the uptake of naphthalene, the presence of anthracene showed only minor influence. The uptake of anthracene was affected by both naphthalene and chrysene. The uptake of chrysene was influenced by neither naphthalene nor anthracene. There was no observable displacement of divalent cations from the surface of the gill membrane by any of the PAHs studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A Cheney
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Ann, MD 21853, USA
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