1
|
Marques Elias RG, Ieker ASD, dos Reis LL, Stabelini Neto A, Sasaki JE, Lopes WA, Costa CE, Rinaldi W. Physical Activity, Sport Practice and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Workers From a Public Hospital: A Trajectory Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:740442. [PMID: 34977170 PMCID: PMC8718439 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.740442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have demonstrated the positive effects of physical activity on cardiovascular risk factors. Longitudinal studies using modeled trajectories are necessary to understand patterns of physical activity and association with cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To analyze the association between sports practice in young people and current physical activity with the trajectory of cardiovascular risk factors in workers at a public hospital. Methods: Four hundred and seventeen workers was followed for four years reporting Physical Activity, health status, lifestyle behaviors and socio-demographic characteristics. Group-based trajectory modeling identified the trajectories of PA and associations with time-stable and time-varying covariates. We considered a range of sociodemographic and health and lifestyle factors as potential covariates. Results: The results shows the association between participation in sports activities in youth and current physical activity and trajectories of cardiovascular risk, adjusted for sex and age (p < 0.05). Adults who reported having played sports in their youth and are currently active have a lower risk of having a history of obesity and low HDL-c than workers who did not play sports in their youth and are currently sedentary 0.690 (0.565-0.844) obesity, 0.647 (0.500-0.837) low HDL-c. Conclusion: The practice of sports in youth and current physical activity is a protective factor against the trajectory of obesity and low HDL-c, mainly in female workers. Programs to encourage the practice of physical activity should be carried out in order to reduce cardiovascular risk factors and prevent chronic diseases in workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gonçalves Marques Elias
- UENP Laboratory - State University of Northern Paraná, Department of Health Sciences, Organization Research Group on Lifestyle, Exercise and Health - GPVES/UENP, Jacarezinho, Brazil
- Master's Program in Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ana Silvia Degasperi Ieker
- Laboratory UNIPAR - Paraná University, Strategy for the Promotion of Health, Strategy for the Promotion of Health, Coexistence With Diversity in the University Community (SACODI), Umuarama, Brazil
- Student of the Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, State University of Maringá and State University of Londrina, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lopes dos Reis
- UENP Laboratory - State University of Northern Paraná, Department of Health Sciences, Organization Research Group on Lifestyle, Exercise and Health - GPVES/UENP, Jacarezinho, Brazil
| | - Antônio Stabelini Neto
- UENP Laboratory - State University of Northern Paraná, Department of Health Sciences, Organization Research Group on Lifestyle, Exercise and Health - GPVES/UENP, Jacarezinho, Brazil
| | - Jeffer Eidi Sasaki
- Laboratory UFTM, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Wendell Arthur Lopes
- Laboratory of State University of Maringá, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Regional Campus of Vale do Ivaí, Member of the Research Group on Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carla Eloise Costa
- Laboratory of State University of Maringá, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Regional Campus of Vale do Ivaí, Member of the Research Group on Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Wilson Rinaldi
- Laboratory of State University of Maringá, Research Group Laboratory of Studies in Physical Exercise and Health DEF / UEM / National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Maringá, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Daily physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, nutritional status, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation in school-age adolescents: A principal component analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract 2021; 15:205-211. [PMID: 33903023 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the association between cardiorespiratory fitness, abdominal obesity, blood pressure, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation in school-age adolescents exhibiting different levels of habitual physical activity and nutritional status, through a multivariate statistical approach. METHODS 101 adolescents aged 15-18 years (54 females) underwent assessments of daily physical activity, body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, reactive hyperemia, and heart rate variability. Based on BMI adjusted for age and sex (z-BMI), 21 adolescents were classified as 'overweight' (9 girls), and 9 as 'obese' (4 girls). The common variation between those variables was assessed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). RESULTS Main axis of common variation of outcomes analyzed defined four principal components (PCs) accounting for 69.7% of overall variance, related to 'abdominal obesity and blood pressure' (PC1; eigenvalue=2.76), 'cardiorespiratory fitness, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation' (PC2, eigenvalue=1.98), 'cardiorespiratory fitness' (PC3, eigenvalue=1.21), and 'sedentary behavior' (PC4, eigenvalue=1.02). Girls reported longer screen time and sedentary behavior than boys. Notwithstanding, in both sexes poorer cardiorespiratory fitness corresponded to lower reactive hyperemia and vagal modulation, irrespective of the nutritional status. Overall, adolescents classified as 'obese' and 'sedentary' exhibited poorer CRF concomitantly to autonomic and endothelial dysfunctions. CONCLUSION In school-age adolescents, endothelial and autonomic dysfunctions related to poor cardiorespiratory fitness, irrespective of the nutritional status and physical activity level. However, endothelial and autonomic dysfunctions were more prevalent among adolescents combining poor cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced levels of daily physical activity, and overweight/obesity.
Collapse
|
3
|
Arboix-Alió J, Buscà B, Sebastiani EM, Aguilera-Castells J, Marcaida S, Garcia Eroles L, Sánchez López MJ. Temporal trend of cardiorespiratory endurance in urban Catalan high school students over a 20 year period. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10365. [PMID: 33240668 PMCID: PMC7680048 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical fitness is considered an important indicator of health in adolescents. However, in recent years several studies in the scientific literature have shown a considerable lower trend and an alarming worsening of the current adolescents’ physical condition when comparing with previous decades, especially in urban populations. The aim of the current study was to analyse the temporal trend in cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE) in urban Catalan adolescents over a 20-year period (1999–2019). Methods A cross-sectional analysis study considering the 20-m Shuttle Run test (SRT) results obtained in the last 20 years was carried out. 1,701 adolescents between 15 and 16 years old (914 boys and 787 girls) were divided into four groups, corresponding to consecutive periods of five years (Group 1: 1999–2004; Group 2: 2005–2009; Group 3: 2010–2014 and Group 4: 2015–2019). ANOVA was used to test the period effect on CRE and post hoc Bonferroni analysis was performed to test pairwise differences between groups (p < 0.05). Results Results showed a significantly lower performance in CRE in both sexes. The percentual negative difference was 0.67%, 9.6% and 7% for boys and 5.06%, 14.97% and 9.41% for girls, when comparing the performance in 20-m Shuttle Run test for the first period, respectively. Conclusions Results suggest that the physical fitness of Catalan urban adolescents is lower in both sexes when comparing the different analysed periods of time. Therefore, CRE adolescents should be improved in order to help to protect against cardiovascular disease and other health risks in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Arboix-Alió
- Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna, Ramon LLull University, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physical Education, Escola Sagrada Familia Urgell (Barcelona, Spain), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bernat Buscà
- Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna, Ramon LLull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric M Sebastiani
- Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna, Ramon LLull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Aguilera-Castells
- Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna, Ramon LLull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Marcaida
- Department of Physical Education, Escola Sagrada Familia Urgell (Barcelona, Spain), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luis Garcia Eroles
- Department of United Organization Systems Information, Hospital Germans Trias, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ehakeem A, Gregson CL, Tobias JH, Lawlor DA. Age at puberty and accelerometer-measured physical activity: Findings from two independent UK cohorts. Ann Hum Biol 2020; 47:391-399. [PMID: 32380867 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2019.1707284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear if puberty timing influences future physical activity (PA). AIM To investigate the association of puberty timing with PA across adolescence and adulthood. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data were from two British cohorts. Participants from an adolescent birth cohort (females = 2349, males = 1720) prospectively reported age at menarche and voice break and had PA recorded by Actigraph accelerometers at ages 14 years and 16 years. A cohort of middle-aged and older adults (40-70 years; females = 48,282; males = 36,112) recalled their age at puberty and had PA (mean acceleration; mg) measured by AxivityAX3 accelerometers. RESULTS After adjustment for age, education, smoking and BMI, per 1-year older age at menarche was associated with higher mean counts/minute at age 14 years (0.07 SD counts/minute; 95% CI = 0.04-0.11) with associations attenuated at age 16 years (0.02; -0.03-0.07). Differences in mean acceleration per older year at menarche were close to the null in women aged 40-49 years (0.02 mg; 0.01-0.03), 50-59 years (0.01; 0.00-0.02) and 60-70 years (0.01; 0.00-0.01). Age at voice break and PA associations were close to the null in both cohorts. CONCLUSION We found a positive association between puberty timing and PA in females which weakened at older ages and limited evidence of an association at any age in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ehakeem
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Celia L Gregson
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jon H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Newby K, Varnes L, Yorke E, Meisel SF, Fisher A. Illness Risk Representation beliefs underlying adolescents' cardiovascular disease risk appraisals and the preventative role of physical activity. Br J Health Psychol 2019; 25:171-188. [PMID: 31814243 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim was to explore adolescents' cardiovascular disease risk appraisals and establish whether they understood the preventative role of physical activity (PA). The secondary aim was to examine whether adolescents' cardiovascular disease risk appraisal fitted with the Illness Risk Representations (IRR) framework. DESIGN Qualitative. METHODS Thirty-one adolescents aged between 13 and 15 years participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using Framework Analysis. RESULTS Knowledge of lifestyle behaviours contributing to cardiovascular disease was good. Participants reflected on their current (or expected future) patterns of these behaviours when making judgements about lifetime risk. They struggled however to explain how different health behaviours, including PA, affected the development of the disease. Cardiovascular disease was viewed as potentially fatal, but participants had only a superficial understanding of the consequences of, or treatments for, the disease. The IRR framework, as proposed by Cameron (2003, https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/research/theories_project/cameron.pdf), largely captured the way in which adolescents' made judgements about their risk of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that adolescents are underestimating their risk of cardiovascular disease due to unhelpful beliefs. Interventions should: provide clear and simple explanations of how different health behaviours contribute to cardiovascular risk, highlight discrepancies that exist between current levels of preventative behaviour and that required to confer a protective effect, expose the false belief that a lack of PA in early life can be compensated for in later adulthood, and aid understanding of the true impact that the disease and its treatment could have of health and quality of life outcomes. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Physical activity (PA) throughout one's lifetime can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The majority of adolescents' do not meet the recommended levels of PA. Changing beliefs about the risk of cardiovascular disease might be a useful strategy to motivate engagement in PA. What does this study add? An increased understanding of adolescents' knowledge of cardiovascular disease and the link with PA. Identification of strategies to change adolescents' risk perceptions of cardiovascular disease in ways that could motivate PA. Evidence to support the Illness Risk Representation framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Newby
- Centre for Advances in Behavioural Science, Coventry University, UK
| | - Laura Varnes
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, UK
| | - Eleanor Yorke
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, UK
| | - Susanne F Meisel
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Kings College London, UK
| | - Abi Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moreira VM, da Silva Franco CC, Prates KV, Gomes RM, de Moraes AMP, Ribeiro TA, Martins IP, Previate C, Pavanello A, Matiusso CCI, Almeida DL, Francisco FA, Malta A, Tófolo LP, da Silva Silveira S, Saavedra LPJ, Machado K, da Silva PHO, Fabrício GS, Palma-Rigo K, de Souza HM, de Fátima Silva F, Biazi GR, Pereira TS, Vieira E, Miranda RA, de Oliveira JC, da Costa Lima LD, Rinaldi W, Ravanelli MI, de Freitas Mathias PC. Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:465. [PMID: 29867528 PMCID: PMC5953341 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training can improve insulin sensitivity in many tissues; however, the relationship among exercise, insulin, and cancer cell growth is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training begun during adolescence can attenuate Walker 256 tumor growth in adult rats and alter insulin secretion. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats engaged in treadmill running for 8 weeks, 3 days/week, 44 min/day, at 55-65% VO2max until they were 90 days old (TC, Trained Control). An equivalently aged group was kept inactive during the same period (SC, Sedentary Control). Then, half the animals of the SC and TC groups were reserved as the control condition and the other half were inoculated with Walker 256 cancer cells, yielding two additional groups (Sedentary Walker and Trained Walker). Zero mortalities were observed in tumor-bearing rats. Body weight (BW), food intake, plasma glucose, insulin levels, and peripheral insulin sensitivity were analyzed before and after tumor cell inoculation. We also evaluated tumor growth, metastasis and cachexia. Isolated pancreatic islets secretory activity was analyzed. In addition, we evaluated mechanic sensibility. Our results showed improved physical performance according to the final workload and VO2max and reduced BW in trained rats at the end of the running protocol. Chronic adaptation to the aerobic exercise training decreased tumor weight, cachexia and metastasis and were associated with low glucose and insulin levels and high insulin sensitivity before and after tumor cell inoculation. Aerobic exercise started at young age also reduced pancreatic islet insulin content and insulin secretion in response to a glucose stimulus, without impairing islet morphology in trained rats. Walker 256 tumor-bearing sedentary rats also presented reduced pancreatic islet insulin content, without changing insulin secretion through isolated pancreatic islets. The mechanical sensitivity test indicated that aerobic exercise training did not cause injury or trigger inflammatory processes prior to tumor cell inoculation. Taken together, the current study suggests that aerobic exercise training applied during adolescence may mitigate tumor growth and related disorders in Walker 256 tumor-bearing adult rats. Improved insulin sensibility, lower glucose and insulin levels and/or reduced insulin secretion stimulated by glucose may be implicated in this tumor attenuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veridiana Mota Moreira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Ingá University Center, UNINGÁ, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Kelly Valério Prates
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mello Gomes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Praxedes de Moraes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Isabela Peixoto Martins
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carina Previate
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Audrei Pavanello
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Douglas Lopes Almeida
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Flávio Andrade Francisco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Laize Peron Tófolo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Cacoal, Cacoal, Brazil
| | - Sandra da Silva Silveira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Katia Machado
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Olivieri da Silva
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S. Fabrício
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Kesia Palma-Rigo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Taís Susane Pereira
- Laboratory of Microorganisms Genetics and Mutagenesis, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Elaine Vieira
- Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Águas Claras, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Delmar da Costa Lima
- Superior School of Physical Education and Physical Therapy of Goiás State, State University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Wilson Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jeanne TL, Hooker ER, Nguyen T, Messer LC, Sacks RM, Andrea SB, Boone-Heinonen J. High birth weight modifies association between adolescent physical activity and cardiometabolic health in women and not men. Prev Med 2018; 108:29-35. [PMID: 29277411 PMCID: PMC5828988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that adverse prenatal development alters physiological response to physical activity, but longitudinal epidemiologic evidence is scant. This study tested the hypothesis that lower physical activity during adolescence and young adulthood is more strongly associated with later cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and diabetes or prediabetes (DM/PDM) in women and men who were born with high or low birth weight (HBW, LBW), compared to normal birth weight (NBW). We analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a cohort study of US adolescents followed into adulthood (1994-2009). Using sex-stratified multivariable regression, 30-year CVD risk score (calculated using objective measures; n=12,775) and prevalent DM/PDM (n=15,138) at 24-32years of age were each modeled as a function of birth weight category, self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity frequency in adolescence (MVPA1) and young adulthood (MVPA3), and MVPA-birth weight interactions. Greater MVPA1 was associated with lower 30-year CVD risk score and DM/PDM risk in HBW women but not NBW or LBW women. Associations between MVPA1 and 30-year CVD risk or DM/PDM were not modified by HBW in men; or by LBW in women or men. Additionally, birth weight did not modify estimated effects of MVPA3. Findings suggest that frequent MVPA in adolescence may be a particularly important cardiometabolic risk reduction strategy in girls born HBW; however, we found no evidence that birth weight and MVPA interact in cardiometabolic disease risk in men, for MVPA in adulthood, or for LBW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Jeanne
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Hooker
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Thuan Nguyen
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Lynne C Messer
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Rebecca M Sacks
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Sarah B Andrea
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Janne Boone-Heinonen
- Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University School of Public Health, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail Code CB669, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scherr C, Fabiano LCC, Guerra RL, Belém LHJ, Câmara ACG, Campos A. Sports Practices and Cardiovascular Risk in Teenagers. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 110:248-255. [PMID: 29466486 PMCID: PMC5898775 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of deaths in the world, and
many events could be prevented by healthy life habits. Objectives To compare the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents
enrolled at public schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, including a
renowned school for sport practices. Methods Cross-sectional study, convenience sampling of 422 students enrolled at the
Experimental Olympic Gymnasium (EOG) and at Figueiredo Pimentel School (FP).
Using descriptive analyses, continuous variables were expressed as mean and
standard deviation or median and interquartile ranges, and the Student's
t-test or the chi-square test, respectively, was used for comparisons. The
sports were classified according to the metabolic equivalent of task (MET)
(below or above 5). Results We included 274 students enrolled at the EOG and 148 at FP. Mean age was
similar between schools -12.5 ± 1.6 years at FP and 12.6 ± 0.9
at the EOG; 65.5% of the students at FP and 43.8% of the students at the EOG
were female (p < 0.01). Significant differences in the prevalence of
hypertension (20% vs. 6.3%, p < 0.01) and borderline cholesterol levels
(27.7% vs. 17.3%, p = 0.01) were found between FP and EOG students,
respectively. Conclusion High prevalence of hypertension, overweight/obesity and altered blood lipid
profile was found in this group of adolescents. Regular sports training
program combined with little influence of their eating habits outside school
may contribute to a better metabolic profile and reduction in cardiovascular
risk factors in students. Public health measures are also need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Scherr
- Fundação Pró Coração, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Adriana Campos
- Fundação Pró Coração, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|